Search results for "UMP"
showing 10 items of 3323 documents
Testing Individual Risk of Acute Mountain Sickness at Greater Altitudes
2009
The assessment of an individual's degree of acclimatization to altitude is difficult. This is particularly applicable to military operations that have to be performed at altitude. This study describes a new and simple test that allows for the determination of an individual's risk for high-altitude illness at higher altitudes. The prediction is based on the lowest oxygen saturation (SaO2) found during an uphill run at high altitude (11,060 ft [3,371 m]), combined with the time needed to complete the run. The test results were compared against the severity of high-altitude symptomatology on the summit of Mont Blanc (15,762 ft [4,808 m]). The main outcome was the significant correlation betwee…
The Particular Story of Italians' Relation with Alcohol: Trends in Individuals' Consumption by Age and Beverage Type.
2015
Aims In Italy, sales data show a dramatic fall in alcohol consumption between 1970 and 2010. The aim of our study is to provide updated information on trends, prevalence and determinants of alcohol drinking in Italy, using individual-level data. Methods Seven nationally representative cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Italy between 2006 and 2014, on a total sample of 21,416 participants aged ≥15 years, with available information on weekly consumption of wine, beer and spirits. Results Per capita alcohol consumption decreased by 23% between 2006 and 2014 (from 5.6 to 4.4 drinks/week), due to the fall in wine drinking. Overall, the prevalence of alcohol drinkers was 61.6%. Individuals…
Devil in disguise : does drinking lead to a disability pension?
2016
Abstract Objectives To examine whether alcohol consumption in adulthood is related to the incidence of receiving a disability pension later in life. Methods Twin data for Finnish men and women born before 1958 were matched to register-based individual information on disability pensions. Twin differences were used to eliminate both shared environmental and genetic factors. The quantity of alcohol consumption was measured as the weekly average consumption using self-reported data from three surveys (1975, 1981 and 1990). The disability pension data were evaluated from 1990–2004. Results The models that account for shared environmental and genetic factors reveal that heavy drinkers are signifi…
Food packaging cues as vehicles of healthy information: Visions of millennials (early adults and adolescents)
2018
Abstract Because packaging has become an important marketing tool, firms must know what type of packaging can affect consumers' packaging cues. Also, still today there is little attention paid to the relevance of educating millennials about the importance of a healthier lifestyle and eating. The aim is to analyse the effects of young consumers with varying degrees of healthy lifestyles and food involvement on packaging cues. Also, the paper analyses differences between early adults and adolescents millennials. Using a sample of 890 millennials (300 early adults and 590 adolescents) and SEM methodology, interesting results are reached. Some healthy habits affect food involvement, and this is…
Dietary Habits, Diet Quality, Nutrition Knowledge, and Associations with Physical Activity in Polish Prisoners: A Pilot Study
2022
Physical activity and healthy diets are determinants of the health of convicts who are deprived of freedom. However, little research has focused on these two aspects concurrently. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationships between the level of prisoners’ physical activity and their dietary habits, diet quality, and nutritional knowledge. The cross-sectional study was conducted with 226 prisoners. The inclusion criteria included male sex, age 18–65 years, and consent for the research. We excluded the subjects who met any of the following conditions: female sex, unwillingness to participate, and dangerous prisoner status. The KomPAN questionnaire was used to assess the …
Age-Related Declines in Lower Limb Muscle Function are Similar in Power and Endurance Athletes of Both Sexes : A Longitudinal Study of Master Athletes
2021
The age-related decline in muscle function, particularly muscle power, is associated with increased risk of important clinical outcomes. Physical activity is an important determinant of muscle function, and different types of physical activity e.g. power-based versus endurance-based exercise appear to have differential effects on muscle power. Cross-sectional studies suggest that participation in power-based exercise is associated with greater muscle power across adulthood but this has not been investigated longitudinally. We recruited eighty-nine male and female power and endurance master athletes (sprint and distance runners respectively, baseline age 35–90y). Using jumping mechanography,…
Neuromuscular function during drop jumps in young and elderly males
2011
The Hoffman reflex (H-reflex), indicating alpha-motoneuron pool activity, has been shown to be task - and in resting conditions - age dependent. How aging affects H-reflex activity during explosive movements is not clear at present. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aging on H-reflexes during drop jumps, and its possible role in drop jump performance. Ten young (26.8 ± 2.7 years) and twenty elderly (64.2 ± 2.7 years) subjects participated in the study. Maximal drop jump performance and soleus H-reflex response (H/M jump) 20 ms after ground contact were measured in a sledge ergometer. Maximal H-reflex, maximal M-wave, Hmax/Mmax-ratio and H-reflex excitability curves wer…
Age-related muscle activation profiles and joint stiffness regulation in repetitive hopping
2011
Abstract It is well documented that increasing effort during exercise is characterized by an increase in electromyographic activity of the relevant muscles. How aging influences this relationship is a matter of great interest. In the present study, nine young and 24 elderly subjects did repetitive hopping with maximal effort as well as with 50%, 65%, 75% and 90% intensities. During hopping joint kinematics were measured together with electromyographic activity (EMG) from the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis and tibialis anterior muscles. The results showed that agonist activation increased in both age groups with increasing intensity. The highest jumping efficiency (E…
Comparing subjective intoxication with risky single-occasion drinking in a European sample.
2020
In most epidemiological literature, harmful drinking—a drinking pattern recognized as closely linked to alcohol-attributable diseases—is recorded using the measure risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD), which is based on drinking above a certain quantity. In contrast, subjective intoxication (SI) as an alternative measure can provide additional information, including the drinker’s subjective perceptions and cultural influences on alcohol consumption. However, there is a lack of research comparing both. The current article investigates this comparison, using data from the Standardized European Alcohol Survey from 2015. We analysed the data of 12,512 women and 12,516 men from 17 European coun…
Direct measurement of cell-free DNA from serially collected capillary plasma during incremental exercise
2014
To investigate the kinetics of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) due to exercise, we established a direct real-time PCR for the quantification of cfDNA from unpurified capillary plasma by amplification of a 90- and a 222-bp multilocus L1PA2 sequence. Twenty-six male athletes performed an incremental treadmill test. For cfDNA measurement, capillary samples were collected serially from the fingertip preexercise, during, and several times postexercise. Venous blood was drawn before and immediately after exercise to compare capillary and venous cfDNA values. To elucidate the strongest association of cfDNA accumulations with either cardiorespiratory or metabolic function during exercise, capillary cfDNA val…