Search results for "UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::Psicología del niño y del adolescente"
showing 10 items of 48 documents
El desarrollo de la identidad en la adolescencia y adultez emergente: Una comparación de la identidad global frente a la identidad en dominios especí…
2009
-Juan José Zacarés González: Juan.J.Zacares@uv.es -José Manuel Tomás: Jose.M.Tomas@uv.es -Emilia Serra: Emilia.Serra@uv.es Los objetivos de este estudio fueron examinar el desarrollo y estructura de la identidad a lo largo de la adolescencia y la influencia de las principales figuras de apoyo social y de la autoestima en este proceso. En una muestra de 283 adolescentes entre 14 y 22 años se tomaron dos medi-das del desarrollo de la identidad (identidad global e identidad en los do-minios relacional y escolar), del apoyo social percibido y de la autoestima global. Los resultados indican una maduración en el desarrollo de la iden-tidad, especialmente durante la adolescencia tardía y en el áre…
Are Women More Empathetic than Men? A Longitudinal Study in Adolescence
2009
Since the 1970s there has been a growing interest in analysing sex differences in psychological variables. Empirical studies and meta-analyses have contributed evidence on the differences between male and female individuals. More recently, the gender similarities hypothesis has supported the similarity of men and women in most psychological variables. This study contributes information on women's greater empathic disposition in comparison with men by means of a longitudinal design in an adolescent population. 505 male and female adolescents aged between 13 and 16 years were evaluated at two different moments (grade 2 and grade 3, lower secondary education). They completed the Index of Empat…
Escuela, aburrimiento y rebeldía
2002
This article intends to put light on some of the rationalization mechanisms of the boring and of the scholar disobedience presents at the modern psicopedagogical rationality. We carry on with this task spacing us out from a double position: the one that pathologies what challenge someone or defer from the established identities, and the one that turns violence into a simple phenomena of technical management and of production of expert wisdom. In order to rethink both scholar policy and psicopedagogical practices we will go deep on two phenomena by treating them as problematics. One of them is the 'institutional experience of going to the school'. The second one is inseparable from the above…
Children Like Dense Neighborhoods: Orthographic Neighborhood Density Effects in Novel Readers
2008
Previous evidence with English beginning readers suggests that some orthographic effects, such as the orthographic neighborhood density effects, could be stronger for children than for adults. Particularly, children respond more accurately to words with many orthographic neighbors than to words with few neighbors. The magnitude of the effects for children is much higher than for adults, and some researchers have proposed that these effects could be progressively modulated according to reading expertise. The present paper explores in depth how children from 1stto 6thgrade perform a lexical decision with words that are from dense or sparse orthographic neighborhoods, attending not only to acc…
Understanding Discipline in Families of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Structural Equation Model
2009
One hundred and fifty-five mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) completed a semi-structured interview, the Parenting Stress Index Questionnaire (Abidin, 1990), to evaluate parenting stress. The Parenting Scale (Arnold, O’Leary, Wolff & Acker, 1993) was also administered to measure dysfunctional discipline strategies. Structural equation modeling was used to test a model in which the independent variables were the Child’s Characteristics and the Socio-Educational Status of his or her family; intermediate variables were Parenting Stress concerning the Child Domain and concerning the Parent Domain; and the dependent variable was Parental Discipline. The resu…
The Mothering of Conduct Problem and Normal Children in Spain and the USA: Authoritarian and Permissive Asynchrony
2005
Ninety-two clinic-referred and nonclinical mother-child dyads in Spain and the USA were observed in their home settings under naturalistic conditions for a total of 477 hours. Children in the clinic-referred dyads were considered troubled because of conduct problems. The observations were aimed at assessing two forms of mother-child asynchrony, either of which was expected to differentiate clinic referred from nonclinical dyads. Authoritarian asynchrony was defined as a mother’s indiscriminate use of aversive reactions to her child, whereas the permissive form entailed indiscriminate positive reactions. Results showed the American mothers to generate more permissive asynchrony, whereas the …
Impact of Parenting Styles on Adolescents’ Self-Esteem and Internalization of Values in Spain
2007
The relationship of parenting styles with adolescents’ outcomes was analyzed within a sample of Spanish adolescents. A sample of 1456 teenagers from 13 to 16 years of age, of whom 54.3% were females, reported on their parents’ child-rearing practices. The teenagers’ parents were classified into one of four groups (authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, or neglectful). The adolescents were then contrasted on two different outcomes: (1) priority given to Schwartz’s selftranscendence (universalism and benevolence) and conservation (security, conformity, and tradition) values and (2) level of self-esteem (appraised in five domains: academic, social, emotional, family and physical). The result…
Adolescent life satisfaction and relationship with adolescent self-esteem and school adjustment
2007
maranma2@alumni.uv.es Sofia.Buelga@uv.es Maria.J.Cava@uv.es El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre variables escolares (ajuste social valorado por el profesor y clima social en el aula) e indicadores de ajuste psicosocial en adolescentes (autoestima, victimización y satisfacción con la vida). Participaron en el estudio 1319 adolescentes españoles de ambos sexos, con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y los 18 años. Se ha utilizado un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para analizar los datos. Los resultados indican que existe una estrecha relación entre el ajuste social del alumno valorado por el profesor, el clima social percibido por el alumno y su grado de victimización.…
Programa de condicionamiento para instauración del control del babeo
2001
Estudio sobre las relaciones entre los Cinco Grandes, optimismo, inteligencia emocional y afrontamiento y el ajuste emocional y éxito académico del a…
2021
La existencia de múltiples cambios y demandas asociadas a la adolescencia han determinado su concepción como un período vital en el que la persona es altamente vulnerable al padecimiento de estrés y al desarrollo de conductas de riesgo o trastornos mentales (Steinberg y Morris, 2001; Sturman y Moghaddam, 2011). Asimismo, existe una importante asociación entre la salud mental del adolescente y su rendimiento académico (Brännlund, Strandh y Nilsson, 2017). Actualmente, las cifras alertan tanto de un incremento significativo en la prevalencia de desórdenes mentales entre adolescentes como de un descenso en su rendimiento académico (OMS, 2020; Torres Menárguez y Silió, 2019). En este contexto, …