Search results for "Ulcerative"

Mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease.

2007

Animal models of intestinal inflammation are indispensable for our understanding of the pathogenesis of Crohn disease and Ulcerative colitis, the idiopathic forms of inflammatory bowel disease in humans. The clinical appearance of human IBD is heterogeneous, a fact that is also reflected by the steadily increasing number of mouse strains displaying IBD like intestinal alterations. The analysis of these models together with genetic studies in humans greatly enhanced our insights into immunoregulatory processes in the gut and led to the generally accepted hypothesis that a deregulated immune response against components of the intestinal microbiota is critically involved in IBD pathophysiology…

Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of ellagic acid in the acute and chronic dextrane sulfate sodium models of mice colitis.

2013

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.; Lythraceae) has traditionally been used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC). Because its fruits and extracts are rich in ellagitannins, which release ellagic acid when hydrolyzed, consumption of pomegranate products is currently being widely promoted for their potential health effects, including the prevention of inflammatory diseases and cancer. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of ellagic acid on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute and chronic experimental colitis in two different strains of mice and to elucidate its possible mechanisms of action. Mater…

A case of bowel schistosomiasis that did not adhere to the endoscopic findings.

2005

Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease patients

2015

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is a chronic disorder characterized bya relapsing-remitting course, which alternates between active and quiescent states, ultimately impairing a patient's quality of life. The two main types of IBD are Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). CD shows a transmural granulomatous inflammation that can involve any segment of the intestine affecting all layers of the intestinal wall while UC is limited to the mucosa and superficial sub-mucosa of the colon. In physiologial conditions the gut is costantly exposed to various antigens, commensal microflora and pathogens and the inflammatory response is finely balanced. Anyhow in some individuals with genet…

MESENCHIMAL STEM CELLS IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES: CLINICAL EVIDENCES AND POTENTIAL INSIGHTS FOR THE CLINICIANS

2013

Mesenchimal stem cells (MSCs) have been used experimentally and clinically in the treatment of a wide variety of pathologies MSCs can be safely transplanted in autologous and allogenic ways as they are non-immunogenic, and consequently represent a therapeutic option for refractory connective tissue diseases, fibrosing diseases like scleroderma and fistulizing colitis like in Crohn's disease (CD). The immunomodulatory properties of MSCs have already shown promise when used as therapy for otherwise medically refractory CD. Accumulating evidence suggests that the properties may also be exploited of several other conditions. The currently available experimental and clinical data indicate that, …

From gut microflora imbalance to mycobacteria infection: is there a relationship with chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases?

2011

The gut of a healthy adult harbours a myriad of different microbial species. It is estimated that approximately 10 14 are present in total bacterial colony forming units (CFU). Each colony colonizes a specific intestinal tract. In healthy adult, the main control of intestinal bacterial colonization occurs through gastric acidity but also other factors can influence the intestinal microenvironment such as pH, temperature, competition among different bacterial strains, peristalsis, drugs, radiotherapy and much more. Impaired microbial homeostasis leads to an alteration of the permeability of tissue, together with the activation of the intestinal immune system MALT (mucosal associated lymphoid…

Systematic review: macrophage activation syndrome in inflammatory bowel disease.

2013

Summary Background Recently, there have been increasingly frequent reports on the occurrence of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clinically, MAS is characterized mainly by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, and elevated circulating ferritin and CD25. Mortality, even if diagnosed rapidly, is high. Aim To identify all reports on MAS in IBD and to establish data on triggering agents, immunosuppression leading to MAS, and mortality. Methods A language unrestricted search on Pubmed and Scopus relating to the past 30 years was carried out by matching the following search-terms: h(a)emophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis OR h(a)emophagocytic lym…

Orthopaedic experience on inflammatory bowel disease (Lesniowski-Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis)

2010

Inflammatory Bowel Diseasae (IBD)is a group of inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. The major types of IBD are Lesniowski-Crohn's disease (L-CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD sometimes presents with arthritic manifestations. The peripheral arthitis is a problem for the orthopaedist and the physiatrist. The Authors retrospectively reviewed 65 sicilian patients with IBD (38 with UC, 27 with L-CD) over a period of 5 years. All patients underwent clinical examinations, laboratory and imaging studies, and were screened for the presence of the rheumatoid factor. All patients also attended eight to ten 50-minutes sessions of physioterapy over a six-week period. REsults: 38 pat…

HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS: THE START OF A NEW ERA?

2015

We read with great interest the article written by Abou El Azm and coworkers, published in the last issue of the Arab Journal of Gastroenterology [1]. In this article, the authors investigated the molecular expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) 70 and 90 in relation to the grades of inflammation and dysplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) before and after treatment. In this study, in agreement with other published studies [2–4], the authors not only found a potential role for HSP 70 and HSP 90 for assessment of the activity and prognosis of UC, but also such markers predicted the presence of dysplasia and differentiated it from reactive atypia [1]. HSP had been found not only a…

Pouchitis: A tridimensional view

2016

The preferred surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is represented by proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). However, patients with UYC who have undergone IPAA are prone to develop several complications, which include surgery related/mecchanical complications; inflammatory or infectious disoreders; dysplasia or neoplasia; and systemic or metabolic disorders. Pouchitis, which is defined as the acute and/or chronic inflammation of the ileal reservoir, represent the most common long-term adverese sequela after IPAA. Gut microbiota play a pivotal role in the initiation and disease progression of pouchitis. Pouchitis can be clas…