Search results for "Under-five"
showing 6 items of 6 documents
Mapping child growth failure across low- and middle-income countries
2020
Childhood malnutrition is associated with high morbidity and mortality globally1. Undernourished children are more likely to experience cognitive, physical, and metabolic developmental impairments that can lead to later cardiovascular disease, reduced intellectual ability and school attainment, and reduced economic productivity in adulthood2. Child growth failure (CGF), expressed as stunting, wasting, and underweight in children under five years of age (0–59 months), is a specific subset of undernutrition characterized by insufficient height or weight against age-specific growth reference standards3–5. The prevalence of stunting, wasting, or underweight in children under five is the proport…
Mortality of Children Under Five and Prevalence of Newborn Congenital Anomalies in Relation to Macroeconomic and Socioeconomic Factors in Latvia
2012
Background. Mortality of infants and children younger than 5 years is a globally recognized and broad national welfare indicator. Scientific literature has data on the correlation of mortality indicators with macroeconomic indicators. It is important to study the associations between prevalence and mortality indicators and socioeconomic factors, since deaths from congenital anomalies account for approximately 25%–30% of all deaths in infancy. The aim of the study was to analyze the overall trend in mortality of infants and young children aged 0 to 4 years in relation to macroeconomic factors in Latvia and prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns in relation to socioeconomic factors. M…
Optimization of hepatitis C virus screening strategies by birth cohort in Italy
2020
Abstract Background and Aims Cost‐effective screening strategies are needed to make hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination a reality. We determined if birth cohort screening is cost‐effective in Italy. Methods A model was developed to quantify screening and healthcare costs associated with HCV. The model‐estimated prevalence of undiagnosed HCV was used to calculate the antibody screens needed annually, with a €25 000 cost‐effectiveness threshold. Outcomes were assessed under the status quo and a scenario that met the World Health Organization's targets for elimination of HCV. The elimination scenario was assessed under five screening strategies. Results A graduated birth cohort screening strat…
Revealing financial accounting in Finland under five historical themes
2009
This article deals with the historical development of financial accounting in Finland from 1862 to 2005. The period starts with the publication of the first Finnish accounting textbook by August Lilius in 1862. The year 2005 marks another milestone: this was when all listed companies were obligated to prepare consolidated accounts according to IAS/ IFRS standards. The study applies a discourse analysis approach and presents Finnish financial accounting history under five discourses or themes, namely: entrepreneurship, academic, governance control, professional and financial market themes. Some of these have assumed more dominance over time while others have lost much of their former signifi…
The Effect of Education on Under-Five Mortality: Individual and Community-Level Effects in Bangladesh
2019
This paper investigates the relationship between parental education and child survival, considering both the influence of the maternal and paternal educational level and the influence of communitylevel male and female education on under-five mortality. The research is focused on Bangladesh, a country where the impressive decline in the under-five mortality rate between 1990 and 2015 was attributed both to female empowerment and to the increase in the general level of education in the country. Using the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey from 2014, this paper investigates both the effect of individual-level parental education and of community-level education on under-five mortality, th…
Zīdaiņu mirstības atšķirības Baltijas reģionā - Latvijā, Igaunijā, Lietuvā saistībā ar makroekonomiskajiem faktoriem no 2010. līdz 2016. gadam
2020
Tēmas pamatojums: Zīdaiņu un bērnu līdz 5 mirstība ir viens no galvenajiem valstu un bērnu labklājības rādītājiem, kas joprojām ir augsti pat vairākās attīstītās valstīs. Šī iemesla dēļ ir svarīgi monitorēt veicinošos faktorus, kas rada bērnu mirstības riskus agrīnā vecumā reģionālā perspektīvā, lai varētu tos mazināt un novērst. i,. Pētījumu sērija, ko veica LU MF Pediatrijas katedra Valsts pētījumu programmas ietvaros (1996 – 2010), identificēja cēloņsakarības starp bērnu mirstību un atsevišķiem socio- un makro-ekonomiskiem faktoriem Baltijas valstīs un atklāja atšķirības to savstarpējā mijiedarbā Latvijā, salīdzinājumā ar Lietuvu un Igauniju. MērķisMērķis bija konstatēt vai Baltijas reģi…