Search results for "Urine"

showing 10 items of 924 documents

GHB related acids (dihydroxy butyric acids, glycolic acid) can help in the interpretation of post mortem GHB results.

2020

Post mortem gamma hydroxy butyric acid (GHB) concentrations should be interpreted with caution since GHB concentrations can increase after death. Post mortem concentrations after the intake of GHB ante mortem do overlap with concentration ranges in cases without known exposure to GHB and make an interpretation challenging. GHB is known to undergo intensive metabolism to related acids (glycolic acid (GA), succinic acid (SA), 2,4- and 3,4-dihydroxy butyric acid (2,4-OH-BA and 3,4-OH-BA)). GHB and these related acids were analyzed using a validated gas chromatographic mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method after liquid liquid extraction and trimethylsilylation. SA concentrations were not usable pos…

AdultMaleSubstance-Related DisordersSuccinic AcidHydroxybutyratesUrineGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryPathology and Forensic MedicineButyric acidchemistry.chemical_compoundForensic ToxicologyHumansGlycolic acidChromatographyMetabolismMiddle AgedMass spectrometricGlycolatesSubstance Abuse DetectionchemistrySuccinic acidPostmortem ChangesFemaleSodium OxybateLawBiomarkersForensic science international
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Plasma metabolomics profiling for the prediction of cytomegalovirus DNAemia and analysis of virus–host interaction in allogeneic stem cell transplant…

2015

Metabolomics analysis of biofluids is increasingly being recognized as a useful tool for the diagnosis and management of a number of infectious diseases. Here we showed that plasma metabolomics profiling by untargeted 1H nuclear magnetic resonance may allow the anticipation of the occurrence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia in allogeneic stem cell transplant. For this purpose, key discriminatory metabolites were total glutathione, taurine, methylamine, trimethylamine N-oxide and lactate, all of which were upregulated in patients eventually developing CMV DNAemia. The overall classification accuracy (predictability) of the projection to latent structure discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model i…

AdultMaleTaurineMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAdolescentCytomegalovirusBiologyVirus-host interactionCohort Studieschemistry.chemical_compoundYoung AdultMetabolomicsVirologyHumansMetabolomicsTransplantation HomologousIn patientLatent structureAgedchemistry.chemical_classificationStem CellsAntiviral therapyvirus diseasesFatty acidMiddle AgedVirologyHematologic DiseasesTransplant RecipientschemistryImmunologyCytomegalovirus InfectionsDNA ViralFemaleStem cellStem Cell TransplantationThe Journal of general virology
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Serum amino acid concentrations in aging men and women.

2003

The age and gender related differences in serum amino acid concentrations have been assessed in 72 (23-92 years) medically screened healthy men and women who were divided into three male and three female groups according to age. Free-time physical activity and food intake were analysed from the 5-day diaries. The subjects were instructed to eat according to their normal dietary habits and to avoid any clinical complementary nutritional products or other products that could increase protein or energy intake. The blood samples (5 ml) taken from the antecubital vein after an over-night fast were analysed for their amino acid contents by chromatography. In total nutrient intake of energy (P < 0…

AdultMaleTaurinemedicine.medical_specialtyAgingClinical BiochemistryAlcoholBiochemistrySerinechemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicineCitrullinemedicineHumansAmino AcidsEssential amino acidAgedchemistry.chemical_classificationAged 80 and overSex CharacteristicsOrganic ChemistryMiddle AgedAmino acidEndocrinologychemistryBiochemistryGlycineFemaleCysteineAmino acids
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Effects of Training on the Exercise-Induced Changes in Serum Amino Acids and Hormones

2002

The purpose of this study was to examine power-type athletes to determine changes in amino acid and hormone concentrations in circulating blood following 2 different high-intensity exercise sessions before and after the 5-week training period. Eleven competitive male sprinters and jumpers performed 2 different running exercise sessions: a short run session (SRS) of 3 x 4 x 60 m (intensity of 91-95%) with recoveries of 120 and 360 seconds, and a long run session (LRS) with 20-second intervals (intensity of 56-100%) with recoveries of 100 seconds to exhaustion. The concentrations of serum amino acids, hormones, and lactate were determined from the blood samples drawn after an overnight fast a…

AdultMaleTaurinemedicine.medical_specialtyAnabolismHydrocortisoneStrength trainingPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationchemistry.chemical_compoundValineInternal medicinemedicineHumansTestosteroneOrthopedics and Sports MedicineAsparagineLactic AcidAmino AcidsExerciseTestosteronechemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryTrack and FieldGeneral MedicineHormonesAmino acidEndocrinologyGrowth HormoneHormoneJournal of Strength and Conditioning Research
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Longitudinal analysis of taurine induced effects on the tear proteome of contact lens wearers and dry eye patients using a RP-RP-Capillary-HPLC-MALDI…

2012

Tear proteomic studies revealed distinct similarities between contact lens wearers and dry eye patients. AMO Complete® multipurpose contact lens cleaning solutions containing taurine seem to have a beneficial effect regarding contact lens induced dry eye. To illuminate the effect of taurine on the tear proteome of contact lens wearers and sicca patients we developed a gel-based RP-RP capillary HPLC-MALDI TOF/TOF MS strategy. Two contact lens wearer groups, one using eye drops containing 0.05% taurine; the other for control physiological NaCl solution were monitored. Also, a third group of sicca patients using taurine solution was studied (N=4 individuals/group). Tear pools of each group at …

AdultMaleTaurinemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsProteomeCapillary actionContact LensesTaurineBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryBiologyBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographychemistry.chemical_compoundOphthalmologymedicineHumansLongitudinal StudiesChromatography High Pressure Liquideye diseasesContact lensMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryLens (anatomy)Spectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationTearsProteomeTearsDry Eye SyndromesFemaleContact Lens SolutionsJournal of proteomics
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Concentrations of  9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-Nor-9-Carboxytetrahydrocannabinol in Blood and Urine After Passive Exposure to Cannabis Smoke in a C…

2010

Cannabinoid concentrations in blood and urine after passive exposure to cannabis smoke under real-life conditions were investigated in this study. Eight healthy volunteers were exposed to cannabis smoke for 3 h in a well-attended coffee shop in Maastricht, Netherlands. An initial blood and urine sample was taken from each volunteer before exposure. Blood samples were taken 1.5, 3.5, 6, and 14 h after start of initial exposure, and urine samples were taken after 3.5, 6, 14, 36, 60, and 84 h. The samples were subjected to immunoassay screening for cannabinoids and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-nor-hydroxy-Delta(9)-tetra…

AdultMaleTime FactorsHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesismedicine.medical_treatmentEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayUrineToxicologyGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryPharmacokineticsLimit of DetectionSmokemental disordersmedicineHumansEnvironmental ChemistryDronabinolSolid phase extractionVolunteerCannabisNetherlandsInhalation exposureInhalation ExposureChemical Health and SafetyChromatographymedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryorganic chemicalsReproducibility of ResultsMiddle AgedAir Pollution IndoorImmunoassayFemaleCannabinoidGas chromatography–mass spectrometryJournal of Analytical Toxicology
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Olive oils high in phenolic compounds modulate oxidative/antioxidative status in men

2004

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether olive oils high in phenolic compounds influence the oxidative/antioxidative status in humans. Healthy men (n = 12) participated in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study in which 3 olive oils with low (LPC), moderate (MPC), and high (HPC) phenolic content were given as raw doses (25 mL/d) for 4 consecutive days preceded by 10-d washout periods. Volunteers followed a strict very low-antioxidant diet the 3 d before and during the intervention periods. Short-term consumption of olive oils decreased plasma oxidized LDL (oxLDL), 8-oxo-dG in mitochondrial DNA and urine, malondialdehyde in urine (P < 0.05 for linear trend), and increased HD…

AdultMaleTime FactorsMedicine (miscellaneous)Urinemedicine.disease_causeDNA MitochondrialAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundDouble-Blind MethodPhenolsMalondialdehydemedicineHumansPlant OilsPhenolsFood scienceOlive OilGlutathione PeroxidaseNutrition and DieteticsCross-Over StudiesDose-Response Relationship DrugCholesterolCholesterol HDLDeoxyguanosineMalondialdehydePostprandial PeriodDietLipoproteins LDLDose–response relationshipVegetable oilPostprandialchemistryBiochemistry8-Hydroxy-2'-DeoxyguanosineOxidation-ReductionOxidative stress
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Exposure assessment approach through mycotoxin/creatinine ratio evaluation in urine by GC–MS/MS

2014

Abstract In this pilot survey human urine samples were analyzed for presence of 15 mycotoxins and some of their metabolites using a novel urinary multi-mycotoxin GC–MS/MS method following salting-out liquid–liquid extraction. Fifty-four urine samples from children and adults residents in Valencia were analyzed for presence of urinary mycotoxin and expressed in gram of creatinine. Three out of 15 mycotoxins were detected namely, HT-2 toxin, nivalenol and deoxynivalenol (DON). 37 samples showed quantifiable values of mycotoxins. Co-occurrence of these contaminants was also observed in 20.4% of assayed samples. DON was the most frequently detected mycotoxin (68.5%) with mean levels of 23.3 μg/…

AdultMaleTolerable daily intakeChromatography GasAdolescentUrinary systemFood ContaminationPilot ProjectsUrineToxicologymedicine.disease_causeYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compoundLimit of DetectionTandem Mass SpectrometrymedicineHumansFood scienceChildMycotoxinExposure assessmentCreatinineChromatographyChemistryToxinReproducibility of Resultsfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineMycotoxinsT-2 ToxinCreatinineFood MicrobiologyFemaleGas chromatography–mass spectrometryTrichothecenesFood ScienceFood and Chemical Toxicology
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Urinary metals and metal mixtures and oxidative stress biomarkers in an adult population from Spain: The Hortega Study

2019

Introduction: Few studies have investigated the role of exposure to metals and metal mixtures on oxidative stress in the general population. Objectives: We evaluated the cross-sectional association of urinary metal and metal mixtures with urinary oxidative stress biomarkers, including oxidized to reduced glutathione ratio (GSSG/GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8‑oxo‑7,8‑dihydroguanine (8-oxo-dG), in a representative sample of a general population from Spain (Hortega Study). Methods: Urine antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) were measured by ICPMS in 1440 Hortega Study participants. Results: The geomet…

AdultMaleUrine metals010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesPopulationchemistry.chemical_elementUrineZinc010501 environmental sciencesPopulation-basedmedicine.disease_cause01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundChromiumMetal mixturesMalondialdehydeMetals HeavymedicineHumanseducationlcsh:Environmental sciences0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceAgedlcsh:GE1-350Cadmiumeducation.field_of_studyDeoxyguanosineGlutathioneMiddle AgedMalondialdehydeGlutathioneCross-Sectional Studieschemistry8-Hydroxy-2'-DeoxyguanosineSpainOxidative stressEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleOxidative stressBiomarkersNuclear chemistryEnvironment International
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Urine tropenol ester levels in workers handling tiotropium bromide synthesis: implications for exposure prevention and biomonitoring

2019

Tropenol ester is a highly toxic anticholinergic substance and an intermediate used in industrial production of the bronchodilator tiotropium bromide. The aim of this study was to systematically test workers involved in its production for tropenol ester in urine to identify any exposure pathways and define additional preventive measures. Twelve workers performing tasks involving potential exposure to tropenol ester were repeatedly monitored at the end of each production cycle. Medical exams revealed no symptoms of acute poisoning with tropenol ester, but biological monitoring of urine showed 36 positive findings in 79 samples, with tropenol ester concentrations ranging between the detection…

AdultMalemedicine.drug_classProduction cycleAnticholinergic agentsUrinePharmacologyToxicologyCholinergic AntagonistsYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOccupational ExposureBronchodilatorBiomonitoringAnticholinergicmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineTiotropium Bromidebusiness.industryanaliza radnog mjesta; antikolinergici; međuproizvodi; prevencija; skopin esterPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthanticholinergic agents; intermediates; prevention; scopine ester; workplace analysisTiotropium bromide030210 environmental & occupational healthAcute toxicitybusinessBiological MonitoringEnvironmental Monitoringmedicine.drugArchives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology
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