Search results for "VAI"
showing 10 items of 5155 documents
A comparative study between Chinese and Finns : communication accommodation and values exchange in grandparent and grandchild communication
2017
This study explores differences and similarities between grandparent-grandchild (GP-GC) communication in China and Finland. GP-GC communication and relationship has been understudied for decades since scholars in family communication domain have been focusing on relationships among other family members. The culture of the residents of China, the origin of Confucianism, is isolated from that of other East Asian nations. In view of dramatic socioeconomic development, examining how the traditional GP-GC relationship within the family has changed is valuable. On the other hand, Finland possesses a culture with contrasting traits. Characterized by individualism, Finns are prone to focus primaril…
A comparative analysis between Finns and Chinese : how communication traits affect self-disclosure in intercultural friendships?
2016
Self-disclosure, or the process revealing personal information about oneself to another, plays a vital role in friendship formation and maintenance, and cultured self-disclosure has been proven to be a powerful factor influencing intercultural friendships. Substantial cross-cultural research has shown self-disclosure differs among different cultural groups, but little research has examined what factors facilitate or impede self-disclosure in intercultural friendships. This research answers this call from a communication traits perspective. The focus of this research is to compare similarities and differences between Finns and Chinese in dimensions of self-disclosure in intercultural friends…
Intestinal absorption enhancement via the paracellular route by fatty acids, chitosans and others: a target for drug delivery.
2005
Peroral delivery of hydrophilic drugs is one of the greatest challenges in biopharmaceutical research. Hydrophilic drugs usually present low bioavailability after oral administration. One of the causes of this low bioavailability is their poor intestinal permeation through the paracellular pathway. This pathway is actually restricted by the presence of tight junctions at the apical side of the enterocytes. In the last few years, great interest has been focused on the structure and cellular regulation of tight junctions, materializing in more in-depth knowledge of this intestinal barrier. Simultaneously, and on the basis of this understanding, continuous efforts are being made to develop age…
Effects of elevated production of autochthonous dissolved organic matter on the freely dissolved concentration of cadmium
2018
Eutrophication enhances the production of autochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM), which is a major driving factor behind the impairment of many aquatic ecosystems. In a mesocosm study, we investigated the effects of the abundance and composition of DOM on the potential bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) caused by eutrophication, using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy integrated with tangential flow ultrafiltration technology. The complexing capacity of DOM-Cd and the sorption distribution coefficient between DOM and the bulk solution was calculated based on a 1 : 1 complexation model. The fluorescent DOM was decomposed into three components (one prot…
Suomalaisen perheen yhteisen sukunimen lyhyt historia
2016
Viimeistään 1900-luvulta lähtien on ajateltu, että yhteinen sukunimi symboloi suomalaista perhettä julkisissa yhteyksissä ja muodostaa perheenjäsenten yhteisen identiteetin perustekijän. Suomen lainsäädännön mukaan naiset olivat kuitenkin velvollisia ottamaan aviomiehensä sukunimen vain lyhyen aikaa, 1930-luvulta 1980-luvulle ulottuvalla ajanjaksolla. Pohdin artikkelissani, miksi 1800-luvun lopun ja 1900-luvun alkuvuosikymmenten ajatusmaailma vaikutti hyvin pitkään suomalaisten sukunimistöön. peerReviewed
Spray Freeze Dried Lyospheres® for Nasal Administration of Insulin
2021
Pharmacologically active macromolecules, such as peptides, are still a major challenge in terms of designing a delivery system for their transport across absorption barriers and at the same time provide sufficiently high long-term stability. Spray freeze dried (SFD) lyospheres® are proposed here as an alternative for the preparation of fast dissolving porous particles for nasal administration of insulin. Insulin solutions containing mannitol and polyvinylpyrrolidone complemented with permeation enhancing excipients (sodium taurocholate or cyclodextrins) were sprayed into a cooled spray tower, followed by vacuum freeze drying. Final porous particles were highly spherical and mean diameters r…
In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Two 1,4-Naphthoquinones and Their Topical Formulation in Bigels.
2021
Background: 1,4-Naphthoquinones (1,4-NQs) are secondary plant metabolites with numerous biological activities. 1,4-NQs display low water solubility and poor bioavailability. Bigels are a new technology with great potential, which are designated as drug delivery systems. Biphasic bigels consisting of solid and liquid components represent suitable formulations improving diffusion and bioavailability of NQs into the skin. Objective: We evaluated the in silico and in vitro activity of 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (M1) and 2,3-dichloro-5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (M2) on elastase and assessed their cytotoxicity towards COLO38 melanoma cells. The 1,4-NQs were loaded into bigels for topi…
Multicomponent solid dispersion as a formulation strategy to improve drug permeation: A case study on the anti-colorectal cancer irinotecan
2019
Abstract Multicomponent solid dispersions (MSD)s are frequently proposed as efficient drug delivery systems to improve drug solubility and bioavailability. In this study, the effects of specific excipients, such as mannitol, inulin, poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic)acid (PMMA) and cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) have been tested to potentially improve irinotecan (IRN) permeation in the intestinal tract with the intention to protect the drug from the gastric environment. MSDs were formulated as microparticles by Spray-Drying technique. Raw materials and microparticles have been characterized by FTIR analysis to determine hydrogen bonding. SEM images were recorded to investigate morp…
Antihypertensive effect of a bovine lactoferrin pepsin hydrolysate: Identification of novel active peptides
2012
et al.
Toxicity of binary mixtures of Cu, Cr and As to the earthworm Eisenia andrei
2020
AbstractChromated copper arsenate (CCA) mixtures were used in the past for wood preservation, leading to large scale soil contamination. This study aimed at contributing to the risk assessment of CCA-contaminated soils by assessing the toxicity of binary mixtures of copper, chromium and arsenic to the earthworm Eisenia andrei in OECD artificial soil. Mixture effects were related to reference models of Concentration Addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) using the MIXTOX model, with effects being related to total and available (H2O and 0.01 M CaCl2 extractable) concentrations in the soil. Since only in mixtures with arsenic dose-related mortality occurred (LC50 92.5 mg/kg dry soil), it wa…