Search results for "VALUATION"
showing 10 items of 2494 documents
Radiation Hardness Assurance Through System-Level Testing: Risk Acceptance, Facility Requirements, Test Methodology, and Data Exploitation
2021
International audience; Functional verification schemes at a level different from component-level testing are emerging as a cost-effective tool for those space systems for which the risk associated with a lower level of assurance can be accepted. Despite the promising potential, system-level radiation testing can be applied to the functional verification of systems under restricted intrinsic boundaries. Most of them are related to the use of hadrons as opposed to heavy ions. Hadrons are preferred for the irradiation of any bulky system, in general, because of their deeper penetration capabilities. General guidelines about the test preparation and procedure for a high-level radiation test ar…
Ex-Ante Business Model Evaluation Methods: A Proposal of Improvement and Applicability
2019
[EN] Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to choose the best method for ex ante business model evaluation, improve it and provide a framework to put it into practice. Design/Methodology/Approach: After an in-depth review, we chose the best method for ex ante business model evaluation, improved this method, and applied it to a real case study in which business models had been proposed for a Sustainable Smart District project. Findings: We analysed existing ex ante business model evaluation methods, justifying our choice of the best one. We improved this key question-based method by combining classic management tools and a new, promising procedure. We finally found a strong tool to improve b…
Assimilation and Contrast in Spontaneous Comparisons: Heterogeneous Effects of Standard Extremity in Facial Evaluations
2020
Judgments we make about others often depend on the standards we use as comparisons. Investigations into the outcomes of these comparisons and potential moderators have often been limited to single dimensions and preselected standards. The current work instead uses multiple evaluative facial dimensions and a multitude of comparisons. A series of 4 experiments ('N' = 665) attempted to detect contrast from extreme (Study 1) and assimilation to moderate standards in within (Studies 2 and 3) and between-subjects designs (Study 4). Results showed inconsistent evidence for both comparison effects and significant heterogeneity across the evaluative dimensions that were sampled. An additional 5 stud…
Measuring expectation for an affordance gap on a smartphone user interface and its usage among older adults
2020
The smartphone has become a ubiquitous mobile communication tool that plays a crucial role in the daily lives for Malaysian older adults. However, it is not easy for older adults to learn new interaction modes and adopt the smartphone user interface. In this paper, we aim to examine the affordances of a smartphone user interface and its usage by older adults through the lens of Norman’s execution/evaluation action cycle (EEAC) framework. A mobile-user interaction study was administered with four tasks. A paired sample t-test was conducted to analyze the affordance gap between different levels of expectation. The results revealed that three tasks (making phone calls, adding contacts, and usi…
Le caractère formatif d’un dispositif d’évaluation des enseignements par les étudiants (EEE) : une analyse de l’utilité des questionnements pour une …
2016
Cet article examine un dispositif d’évaluation des enseignements par les étudiants (EEE) en analysant les choix des équipes pédagogiques concernant les questionnaires qu’elles conçoivent. Cette étude est menée afin d’étudier la place possible de l’EEE dans le cadre de l’évaluation-conseil. En effet, pour que l’EEE soit utile aux enseignants, il convient que les questions posées aux étudiants permettent aux enseignants comme aux professionnels de l’accompagnement de s’inscrire dans une logique d’évaluation-conseil. Les résultats montrent leur intérêt dans ce cadre en fournissant aux enseignants des données qui leur permettent de conforter ou de modifier leurs enseignements. Ils soulignent ég…
The Economic Value of Volunteer Work
2010
Despite the socioeconomic interest that is associated with volunteer work, the practice of valuing it is limited, and few scientific advances have been made. In this context, this study first analyses why these advances are scarce, paying special attention to the limitations of micro- and macro-accounting systems, including volunteer work accounts. It then proposes a method with heuristic capacity for valuing the various economic dimensions of volunteer work. The third part of this article applies this proposal to social and environmental volunteer work in the Spanish region of Valencia. The conclusions bring to focus the fact that whereas the technical obstacles faced in conducting empiri…
A positive role model may stimulate career oriented behavior.
2007
This study examined the effects of social comparison among students in their final year of study. Participants were presented with a fictitious interview with a new graduate who was either successful or unsuccessful in the job market. Exposure to the successful target led to a higher degree of inspiration, identification, and proactive career behavior than did exposure to the unsuccessful target. The higher participants were in social comparison orientation (dispositional tendency to compare oneself with others), the more they identified with the targets and the more proactive career behavior they showed. This suggests that, overall, comparing oneself with others may inspire individuals to …
Production of written French skills by first generation immigrants in working age
2013
This paper aims to identify factors explaining the level of proficiency in written French by immigrants in working age, knowing that few research has been conducted in France on this issue. The originality of this paper is the stochastic production frontier model to explain the scores in written French and the productive performance of immigrants (considered as producers of their own skills). The main results show that mother tongue, age at immigration, social life and mother's diploma are elements which influence the effectiveness of this production. They play a crucial role in the ability of immigrants to use effectively their duration of stay in France and their length of education, cons…
A Social Insurance Accounting for a Notional Defined Contribution Scheme Combining Retirement and Long-Term Care Benefits
2018
This paper develops a social insurance accounting model for a notional defined contribution (NDC) scheme combining retirement and long-term care (LTC) contingencies. The procedure relies on standard double-entry bookkeeping and enables us to compile a “Swedish” type actuarial balance sheet (ABS) following a framework equivalent to an open group approach. This methodology is suitable for reporting the system’s solvency status and can show periodical changes in the system’s financial position by means of an income statement. The information underpinning the actuarial valuation is based on events and transactions that are verifiable at the valuation date, without considering expected future tr…
Models of the Actuarial Balance of the Pay-As-You-Go Pension System: A Review and Some Policy Recommendations
2010
This paper reviews the two main methods used by government Social Security departments to draw up the socalled actuarial balance of the p ayasyougo pension system, focusing especially on results, methodology and actuarial issues. The specific models studied are those in the United States, Japan and Sweden, and their main differences and similarities are highlighted. The authors make some specific policy recommendations that would be of interest to public finance economists, social security actuaries and policy makers, and they suggest that international organizations (ISSA, the World Bank, the OECD and others interested in public pension reform) could be supportive in developing and enforci…