Search results for "VARY"
showing 10 items of 682 documents
Simultaneous pituitary–gonadal recrudescence in two Corsican populations of male blue tits with asynchronous breeding dates
2006
Animal populations living in geographically variable environments respond to different selection pressures. The adaptive character of the responses to environmental information determines the degree of synchrony of the breeding period with local optimal conditions. An example is provided by two populations of Mediterranean blue tits (Parus caeruleus) in Corsica, breeding in different habitats, with a 1-month difference in the onset of egg laying. This difference in the onset of lay is supposed to be adaptive because, although chicks from both populations are raised mostly on caterpillars, the timing of the appearance of caterpillars is earlier for populations of tits associated with deciduo…
A phase 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept study of oral seletalisib in primary Sjögren’s syndrome
2020
Abstract Objectives This phase 2 proof-of-concept study (NCT02610543) assessed efficacy, safety and effects on salivary gland inflammation of seletalisib, a potent and selective PI3Kδ inhibitor, in patients with moderate-to-severe primary Sjögren’s syndrome (PSS). Methods Adults with PSS were randomized 1:1 to seletalisib 45 mg/day or placebo, in addition to current PSS therapy. Primary end points were safety and tolerability and change from baseline in EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) score at week 12. Secondary end points included change from baseline at week 12 in EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI) score and histological features in salivary …
Water temperature influences growth and gonad differentiation in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L. 1758)
2016
The effect of rearing temperature on gonad differentiation and growth was evaluated in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). One control group (CG, n = 60) and two experimental groups (EG1, n = 30; EG2, n = 30) were selected. CG was reared at 15.0 °C during 10 days post-hatch (dph) and at 19.0 °C throughout the remaining larval and post-larval development. EG1 was exposed to 14.5 °C from 1 to 50 dph, followed by an increase to 20 °C until sampling (176 dph). EG2 was exposed to 14.5 °C from 1 to 37 dph, followed by an increase to 20 °C until sampling (226 dph); 30 fish from CG were randomly sampled at 176 dph (CG1, control for EG1) and 30 fish were sampled at 226 dph (CG2, control for EG2). Weigh…
Protein expression in submandibular glands of young rats is modified by a high-fat/high-sugar maternal diet
2018
International audience; OBJECTIVE: Maternal diet has consequences on many organs of the offspring, but salivary glands have received little attention despite the importance of the saliva secretory function in oral health and control of food intake. The objective of this work was therefore to document in rats the impact of maternal high-fat/high-sugar diet (Western Diet) on submandibular glands of the progeny. DESIGN: Sprague-Dawley rat dams were fed either a Western diet or control diet during gestation and lactation and their pups were sacrificed 25 days after birth. The pups' submandibular gland protein content was characterized by means of 2D-electrophoresis followed by LC-MS/MS. Data we…
Poor transcript-protein correlation in the brain: negatively correlating gene products reveal neuronal polarity as a potential cause
2018
Transcription, translation, and turnover of transcripts and proteins are essential for cellular function. The contribution of those factors to protein levels is under debate, as transcript levels and cognate protein levels do not necessarily correlate due to regulation of translation and protein turnover. Here we propose neuronal polarity as a third factor that is particularly evident in the CNS, leading to considerable distances between somata and axon terminals. Consequently, transcript levels may negatively correlate with cognate protein levels in CNS regions, i.e., transcript and protein levels behave reciprocally. To test this hypothesis, we performed an integrative inter-omics study a…
Nitric oxide synthase in identified olivocochlear projection neurons in rat and guinea pig.
1999
Nitric oxide (NO) is thought to be involved in the effects of amino acids at the level of cochlear hair cell afferents. Recently, the isoform of the NO-producing enzyme, neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), has been demonstrated in neuronal structures of the cochlea in rats and guinea pigs histochemically and immunohistochemically. To investigate the sources of cochlear NO, we injected Fluoro-Gold (FG) into the cochlea of rats and guinea pigs. Upon terminal uptake of the tracer and neuronal transport we observed FG in terminals at the base of inner (IHC) and outer hair cells (OHC) and in neurons of the spiral ganglion. Ganglion cells and terminals at the IHC were clearly nNOS-positive, while termin…
Investigating individual stress reactivity: High hair cortisol predicts lower acute stress responses
2020
Identifying individual differences in stress reactivity is of particular interest in the context of stress-related disorders and resilience. Previous studies already identified several factors mediating the individual stress response of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA). However, the impact of long-term HPA axis activity on acute stress reactivity remains inconclusive. To investigate associations between long-term HPA axis variation and individual acute stress reactivity, we tested 40 healthy volunteers for affective, endocrine, physiological, and neural reactions to a modified, compact version of the established in-MR stress paradigm ScanSTRESS (ScanSTRESS-C). Hair cortisol con…
Identification and characterization of a constitutive HSP75 in sea urchin embryos.
1997
Abstract An antiserum against a hsp of the 70-kDa family was prepared, by means of a fusion protein, which was able to detect a constitutive 75-kDa hsc in the sea urchinP. lividus.This hsc was present both during oogenesis and at all developmental stages. A two-dimensional electrophoresis has revealed four isolectric forms of this 75-kDa hsc. The amino acid sequence of the fragment used to prepare the anti-hsp70 antibodies revealed a 43% identity with the corresponding part of sea urchin sperm receptor, and in mature eggs a brighter immunofluorescence was seen all around the cell cortex where the receptor for sea urchin sperm is localized. In oocytes the hsp75 was localized in the cytoplasm…
Metformin and health outcomes:An umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses
2021
Background:\ud \ud The objective was to capture the breadth of outcomes that have been associated with metformin use and to systematically assess the quality, strength and credibility of these associations using the umbrella review methodology.\ud \ud Methods:\ud \ud Four major databases were searched until 31 May 2020. Meta‐analyses of observational studies and meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (including active and placebo control arms) were included.\ud \ud Results:\ud \ud From 175 eligible publications, we identified 427 different meta‐analyses, including 167 meta‐analyses of observational studies, 147 meta‐analyses of RCTs for metformin vs placebo/no treatment and 11…
A blunted diurnal cortisol response in the lower educated does not explain educational differences in coronary heart disease: Findings from the AGES-…
2015
Lower educational attainment generally is a strong predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD). The underlying mechanisms of this effect are, however, less clear. One hypothesis is that stress related to limitations imposed by lower socioeconomic status elicits changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, which, in turn, increases risk of CHD. In a large cohort study, we examined whether educational attainment was related to risk of fatal and non-fatal CHD and the extent to which salivary cortisol mediated this relation independent of potential confounders, including lifestyles. Data came from 3723 participants aged 66 through 96 from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (A…