Search results for "VASCULAR RISK"
showing 8 items of 328 documents
Endothelial abnormalities in young women with PCOS: correlations with insulin resistance and decreased levels of serum adiponectin
2006
Abstract PURPOSE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely prevalent disorder in which elevated blood markers of cardiovascular risk and altered endothelial function have been found. This study was designed to determine if abnormal carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in young women with PCOS may be explained by insulin resistance and elevated adipocytokines. METHODS: A prospective study in 50 young women with PCOS (age: 25.2 +/- 1 years; body mass index [BMI]: 28.7 +/- 0.8) and 50 matched ovulatory controls (age: 25.1 +/- 0.7 years; BMI: 28.5 +/- 0.5) was performed. Carotid IMT, brachial FMD, and blood for fasting glucose, insulin, leptin, …
INFLUENZA DELL’ATEROSCLEROSI CAROTIDEA PRECLINICA SUGLI EVENTI CEREBRO- E CARDIOVASCOLARI IN 5 ANNI DI FOLLOW-UP. INFLUENCE OF PRECLINICAL CAROTID AT…
2009
Introduzione: numerosi studi hanno utilizzato la valutazione dello spessore intima-media carotideo (IMT) come marker di aterosclerosi (ATS) preclinica ed è stato ampiamente dimostrato che l’IMT correla con la presenza di ATS coronarica ed è predittivo di eventi sia cardio- che cerebrovascolari. Scopo dello studio: valutare se in soggetti asintomatici la presenza di ATS carotidea preclinica, ispessimento medio intimale carotideo (IMT) e placca carotidea asintomatica (PCA), aggiunga ulteriori informazioni nella stratificazione del rischio permettendo di individuare soggetti che potrebbero beneficiare di un trattamento più aggressivo, anche farmacologico, dei fattori di rischio presenti. Mater…
Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19.1 million participants
2017
Background Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Methods For this analysis, we pooled national, subnational, or community population-based studies that had measured blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and older. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2015 in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of rai…
A methodological look at the controversy about the influence of salt intake on cardiovascular risk
2012
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of premature death and disability. They represent an extraordinarily strong financial burden upon health-care systems in ‘‘developed’’ countries. Elevated blood pressure is a major cause of cardiovascular disease. There is much evidence that cardiovascular risk increases from normal blood pressure (i.e., from 115/75 mmHg upwards) [1]. Overwhelming evidence shows that reducing salt intake from 9–12 g/day to 5–6 g/day lowers blood pressure [2]. Blood pressure is a surrogate endpoint, but may be related to a reduction of morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular causes. Thus, intensive support and encouragement to cut down on the intake of salt in …
Who needs to care about small, dense low density lipoproteins?
2007
Background: Increasing evidence suggest that the ‘quality’ rather than only the ‘quantity’ of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) exerts a great influence on the cardiovascular risk. Small, dense LDL seem to be an important predictor of cardiovascular events and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) and their predominance has been accepted as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Discussion: Some studies showed in past years that small, dense LDL are usually elevated in patients at very high cardiovascular risk, such as those with CAD and type 2 diabetes. More recently elevated levels of these particles have been fou…
The relationship between endothlial ABD erectile dysfunction, levels of testosterone and cardiovascular events in the follow-up
2016
Background: Clinical and experimental evidence suggest that testosterone levels play a role in cardiac and vascular pathology. A long history of observational studies investigating serum testosterone level and cardiovascular risks, specifically mortality, reveals important associations between low testosterone and mortality, while higher serum testosterone level appear to be predictive in the majority of studies. On the other hand, it is well documented and accepted that endothelial dysfunction is expression of preclinical atherosclerosis and it is associated with an increased amount of CV events in the follow-up. Erectile dysfunction is also an early manifestation of arteriosclerosis assoc…
Sex differences in food choices, adherence to dietary recommendations and plasma lipid profile in type 2 diabetes
2016
Background and aims Diabetic women have a more adverse plasma lipid profile than men. Sex differences in dietary habits may play a role, but are little investigated. The study evaluates the quality of diet, adherence to the nutritional recommendations of the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group and their relation with plasma lipid in men and women with diabetes. Methods and results We studied 2573 people, aged 50–75, enrolled in the TOSCA.IT study (clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00700856). Plasma lipids were measured centrally. Diet was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Women had a more adverse plasma lipid profile than men. Women consumed significantly more legumes, veg…
Do childhood infections affect labour market outcomes in adulthood and, if so, how?
2020
A burgeoning body of literature suggests that poor childhood health leads to adverse health outcomes. lower educational attainment and weaker labour market outcomes in adulthood. We focus on an important but under-researched topic, which is the role played by infection-related hospitalization (IRH) in childhood and its links to labour market outcomes later in life. The participants aged 24-30 years in 2001 N =1706 were drawn from the Young Finns Study, which includes comprehensive registry data on IRHs in childhood at ages 0-18 years. These data are linked to longitudinal registry information on labour market outcomes (2001-2012) and parental background (1980). The estimations were performe…