Search results for "VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400"
showing 10 items of 647 documents
Effects of repeated short episodes of environmental acidification on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from a landlocked population
2020
Abstract Chronic or repeated exposure to environmental contaminants may result in allostatic overload, a physiological situation in which the costs of coping affect long-term survival and reproductive output. Continuous measurements in Otra, the largest river in southern Norway, show the occurrence of repeated 24–48 h episodes of acidification. This work investigates the impact of repeated short acidification episodes on a unique land-locked population of normally anadromous Atlantic salmon (“Bleke”). This was done by recording physiological measures of stress and allostatic load in fish exposed for 7 days to continuous or repeated episodes of simulated environmental acidification or untrea…
Analysis of composition, morphology, and biosynthesis of cuticular wax in wild type bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and its glossy mutant
2021
Abstract In this study, cuticular wax load, its chemical composition, and biosynthesis, was studied during development of wild type (WT) bilberry fruit and its natural glossy type (GT) mutant. GT fruit cuticular wax load was comparable with WT fruits. In both, the proportion of triterpenoids decreased during fruit development concomitant with increasing proportions of total aliphatic compounds. In GT fruit, a higher proportion of triterpenoids in cuticular wax was accompanied by a lower proportion of fatty acids and ketones compared to WT fruit as well as lower density of crystalloid structures on berry surfaces. Our results suggest that the glossy phenotype could be caused by the absence o…
Application of an innovative alignment optimisation method to a cross-cultural mean comparison of teacher self-efficacy: A cross-country study
2021
Teacher self-efficacy is a crucial personal characteristic that is important not only for teachers’ well-being but also for the overall teaching and learning. However, the difficulty to ascertain scalar invariance in the measurement of the construct has beset previous attempts of cross-cultural comparisons. This study implements an alignment optimisation method to compare and rank mean teacher self-efficacy of over 150,000 teachers across 48 countries and economies that participated in the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) that was conducted 2018. The findings show that Columbia, Portugal, United Arab Emirates, Hungary, and South Africa have teachers with the highest mean s…
Embryonic development in corkwing wrasse, Symphodus melops
2019
Corkwing wrasse, Symphodus melops, is one of the main species used as cleaner fish to combat sea lice infestation in salmon aquaculture; however, there is little knowledge about its biology. Here, we describe the embryonic development of this species and examine the viability of the eggs under three temperature regimes. The experiments were conducted at three water temperature regimes, 12, 15, and 18°C, which resemble common sea water temperatures registered during the spawning season of corkwing wrasse at different latitudes along the Norwegian coast. Corkwing wrasse spawn small spherical eggs of 0.75–0.80 mm in diameter (mean 0.78, CV = 3.6%) with several oil droplets and go through eight…
Trace Element Concentration and Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Blueberries and Bilberries: A Tool for Quality and Authenticity Control
2021
Vaccinium genus berries—wild bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and cultivated highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)—are consumed worldwide, and their consumption has a trend of stable increase. Thus, considering their wide use in ethnomedicine, for juice and jam production, as functional food, as well as their use in preparations of extracts which have application potential in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries, studies regarding the composition of these berries are of special importance. The aim of this study is to characterise the elemental and isotopic composition, as well as variation in element concentration in bilberries gathered from different sites in Northern Europe…
Analytic evaluation of the dipole Hessian matrix in coupled-cluster theory
2013
The general theory required for the calculation of analytic third energy derivatives at the coupled-cluster level of theory is presented and connected to preceding special formulations for hyperpolarizabilities and polarizability gradients. Based on our theory, we have implemented a scheme for calculating the dipole Hessian matrix in a fully analytical manner within the coupled-cluster singles and doubles approximation. The dipole Hessian matrix is the second geometrical derivative of the dipole moment and thus a third derivative of the energy. It plays a crucial role in IR spectroscopy when taking into account anharmonic effects and is also essential for computing vibrational corrections t…
Werewolves and warning signs: Cultural responses to tropical cyclones in Mauritius
2022
The role that culture plays in the way different groups experience, respond to, and recover from disasters has been widely discussed. Yet, while there is a considerable (and growing) literature of case study evidence for the need to account for culture in disasters, comparatively few studies take a long-term perspective on cultural interactions with disasters, resulting in a lack of exploration into the diachronic nature of these cultural responses, both past and present. The literature that does exist tends also to focus either on western cultures or on groups that pursue highly traditional livelihoods. Communities that call on elements of both local or vernacular knowledge and scientific …
Project-based learning in a computer modelling course
2021
AbstractThe paper reports authors’ experience of implementing educational projects in a computer modelling course offered to the students majoring in “Secondary Education (Computer Science)” at Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. We analyze approaches to teaching mathematical and computer modelling such as: integration of modelling tasks, naturalistic case study, using of role-playing games, possibilities of STEM-education, motivation and positive attitude to modelling training, etc. Then we illustrate the implementation of the project to study the population dynamics of the grape snail Helix pomatia. The implementation of the project splits into several stages: form…
The social-ecological value of recreational fishing for sea trout; a potential for further development of the experience industry in Aust-Agder? (TRO…
2019
Prosjektleder Erik Höglund Prosjektet undersøkte hvilken betydning det å få sjøørret har for fritidsfiskere i form av fiskeglede og videre hva som er viktig for en god fiskeopplevelse. Bakgrunnen for dette er å få i stand et europeisk samarbeid og en søknad omkring sosio-økologiske problemstillinger i kystsonen, med fokus på fritidsfiske og turisme. I samarbeid med Aust-Agder Jeger- og Fiskeforening ble det utviklet mobil- og internettapplikasjoner som rapporteringsverktøy. Resultatene av bruken av dette verktøyet viste at fiskeeffektiviteten blant deltagerne var 1 sjøørret pr 5,34 timer fisket og det var ingen signifikant forskjell i fornøydhet knyttet til utstyrsvalg eller om fiskeren fik…
Warming Accelerates the Onset of the Molecular Stress Response and Increases Mortality of Larval Atlantic Cod
2022
Synopsis Temperature profoundly affects ectotherm physiology. Although differential thermal responses influence fitness, thus driving population dynamics and species distributions, our understanding of the molecular architecture underlying these responses is limited, especially during the critical larval stage. Here, using RNA-sequencing of laboratory-reared Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) larvae of wild origin, we find changes in gene expression in thousands of transcripts consistent with a severe cellular stress response at both ambient and projected (+2°C and +4°C) temperatures. In addition, specific responses to stress, heat, and hypoxia were commonly identified in gene ontology enrichment …