Search results for "VECTORS"

Nanocomplexes for gene therapy of respiratory diseases: Targeting and overcoming the mucus barrier

2015

Gene therapy, i.e. the delivery and expression of therapeutic genes, holds great promise for congenital and acquired respiratory diseases. Non-viral vectors are less toxic and immunogenic than viral vectors, although they are characterized by lower efficiency. However, they have to overcome many barriers, including inflammatory and immune mediators and cells. The respiratory and airway epithelial cells, the main target of these vectors, are coated with a layer of mucus, which hampers the effective reaching of gene therapy vectors carrying either plasmid DNA or small interfering RNA. This barrier is thicker in many lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis. This review summarizes the most impor…

2017

It has been shown in previous papers that classes of (minimal asymmetric) informationally-complete positive operator valued measures (IC-POVMs) in dimension d can be built using the multiparticle Pauli group acting on appropriate fiducial states. The latter states may also be derived starting from the Poincare upper half-plane model H . To do this, one translates the congruence (or non-congruence) subgroups of index d of the modular group into groups of permutation gates, some of the eigenstates of which are the sought fiducials. The structure of some IC-POVMs is found to be intimately related to the Kochen-Specker theorem.

Invariant Markov semigroups on quantum homogeneous spaces

2019

Invariance properties of linear functionals and linear maps on algebras of functions on quantum homogeneous spaces are studied, in particular for the special case of expected coideal *-subalgebras. Several one-to-one correspondences between such invariant functionals are established. Adding a positivity condition, this yields one-to-one correspondences of invariant quantum Markov semigroups acting on expected coideal *-subalgebras and certain convolution semigroups of states on the underlying compact quantum group. This gives an approach to classifying invariant quantum Markov semigroups on these quantum homogeneous spaces. The generators of these semigroups are viewed as Laplace operators …

Existence and gap-bifurcation of multiple solutions to certain nonlinear eigenvalue problems

1993

IN THIS PAPER we study: (i) a class of operator equations in an abstract Hilbert space; and (ii) the L2-theory of certain nonlinear Schrodinger equations which can be viewed as special cases of (i). In order to describe the type of abstract nonlinear eigenvalue problems to be discussed, consider a real Hilbert space H with scalar product (* , *) and norm II.11 and let S be a (not necessarily bounded) positive self-adjoint linear operator in li. We write S in the form

Principal eigenvalue of a very badly degenerate operator and applications

2007

Abstract In this paper, we define and investigate the properties of the principal eigenvalue of the singular infinity Laplace operator Δ ∞ u = ( D 2 u D u | D u | ) ⋅ D u | D u | . This operator arises from the optimal Lipschitz extension problem and it plays the same fundamental role in the calculus of variations of L ∞ functionals as the usual Laplacian does in the calculus of variations of L 2 functionals. Our approach to the eigenvalue problem is based on the maximum principle and follows the outline of the celebrated work of Berestycki, Nirenberg and Varadhan [H. Berestycki, L. Nirenberg, S.R.S. Varadhan, The principal eigenvalue and maximum principle for second-order elliptic operator…

Hamiltonians Generated by Parseval Frames

2021

AbstractIt is known that self-adjoint Hamiltonians with purely discrete eigenvalues can be written as (infinite) linear combination of mutually orthogonal projectors with eigenvalues as coefficients of the expansion. The projectors are defined by the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonians. In some recent papers, this expansion has been extended to the case in which these eigenvectors form a Riesz basis or, more recently, a ${\mathcal{D}}$ D -quasi basis (Bagarello and Bellomonte in J. Phys. A 50:145203, 2017, Bagarello et al. in J. Math. Phys. 59:033506, 2018), rather than an orthonormal basis. Here we discuss what can be done when these sets are replaced by Parseval frames. This interest is moti…

Actions de IR et courbure de ricci du Fibré unitaire tangent des surfaces

1986

Characterisation of 2-dimensional Riemannian manifolds (M, g) (in particular, of surfaces with constant gaussian curvatureK=1/c2, o,−1/c2, respectively) whose tangent circle bundle (TcM, gs) (gs=Sasaki metric) admit an «almost-regular» vector field belonging to an eigenspace of the Ricci operator.

Multidimensional Borg–Levinson theorems for unbounded potentials

2018

We prove that the Dirichlet eigenvalues and Neumann boundary data of the corresponding eigenfunctions of the operator $-\Delta + q$, determine the potential $q$, when $q \in L^{n/2}(\Omega,\mathbb{R})$ and $n \geq 3$. We also consider the case of incomplete spectral data, in the sense that the above spectral data is unknown for some finite number of eigenvalues. In this case we prove that the potential $q$ is uniquely determined for $q \in L^p(\Omega,\mathbb{R})$ with $p=n/2$, for $n\geq4$ and $p>n/2$, for $n=3$.

Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problems of Schrödinger Type Admitting Eigenfunctions with Given Spectral Characteristics

2002

The following work is an extension of our recent paper [10]. We still deal with nonlinear eigenvalue problems of the form in a real Hilbert space ℋ with a semi-bounded self-adjoint operator A0, while for every y from a dense subspace X of ℋ, B(y ) is a symmetric operator. The left-hand side is assumed to be related to a certain auxiliary functional ψ, and the associated linear problems are supposed to have non-empty discrete spectrum (y ∈ X). We reformulate and generalize the topological method presented by the authors in [10] to construct solutions of (∗) on a sphere SR ≔ {y ∈ X | ∥y∥ℋ = R} whose ψ-value is the n-th Ljusternik-Schnirelman level of ψ| and whose corresponding eigenvalue is t…

Weyl's Theorems and Extensions of Bounded Linear Operators

2012

A bounded operator $T\in L(X)$, $X$ a Banach space, is said to satisfy Weyl's theorem if the set of all spectral points that do not belong to the Weyl spectrum coincides with the set of all isolated points of the spectrum which are eigenvalues and having finite multiplicity. In this article we give sufficient conditions for which Weyl's theorem for an extension $\overline T$ of $T$ (respectively, for $T$) entails that Weyl's theorem holds for $T$ (respectively, for $\overline T$).