Search results for "VERSION"
showing 10 items of 1591 documents
Impact of hydroxy and octyloxy substituents of phenothiazine based dyes on the photovoltaic performance
2013
Two novel organic dyes containing hydroxy and octyloxy substituents onto a phenothiazine skeleton were synthesized and their effects on the photovoltaic performance were studied. Hydroxy acts as an ancillary anchoring unit along with the carboxylic group, while the phenothiazine modified moiety acts as an electron donor. The photophysical and electrochemical studies revealed that maximum absorbance of the dye with the hydroxy group in the solution was blue shifted and its band gap increased, indicating that donor acceptor strength was reduced as compared to the octyloxy substituted dye. Furthermore, electron lifetime of the organic dye with the hydroxy moiety was shorter due to smaller resi…
Synthesis and photovoltaic performance of dihydrodibenzoazepine-based sensitizers with additional lateral anchor
2013
Three novel metal-free organic dyes with dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine as a donor and cyanoacrylic acid as an anchoring unit were designed as an innovative linear skeleton of D-D-pi-A type of organic dyes. The conversion efficiency of the derived dye-sensitized solar cells is moderate. Among them, the dye with a hydroxy group as an additional anchoring moiety exhibited the highest UV-Vis absorption with a maximum molar extinction coefficient of 24,136 M-1 cm(-1) at lambda(max) = 458 nm and the best photovoltaic performance with an overall power conversion efficiency of 4.88%, while the dye with a carboxy group as an additional anchoring moiety exhibited the lowest conversion efficiency (4.…
Tectonic history of the submerged Maghrebian Chain from the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea to the Pelagian Foreland
1995
A description is given here of the structure and tectonic evolution of the submerged NW-SE trending Alpine belt extending from the Sardinia Channel across the Sicily Straits to the Pelagian Sea. This mainly results from re-interpretation of the existing seismic network. In the Sicily Straits the crust comprises an allocthonous belt composed of Tertiary flysch-type thrust slices stacked in an imbricate wedge. The wedge is composed of Mesozoic basin and platform carbonates thrusts derived by deformation of the old Sicilian continental margin. Lower Miocene to Lower Pleistocene foredeep deposits (terrigenous and clastic carbonates) filled progressively onlapping foreland basins during regional…
Limiting Auditor Liability? - Experimental Evidence on Risk and Ambiguity Attitudes under Real Losses
2009
This paper is motivated by the current debate on limiting auditor liability. In a laboratory experiment, the effect of limited versus unlimited liability on behavior under risk and ambiguity is investigated for risks involving small probabilities. The amount of liability is manipulated in such a way that subjects can pay with their show-up fee under limited liability, but they can suffer out-of-pocket losses under unlimited liability. Findings are that both risk aversion and ambiguity aversion are higher under unlimited liability than under limited liability, and these two constructs are correlated under unlimited liability. These findings provide new empirical evidence for the intuition th…
Adherence
2016
Non-adherence to medical advice is a serious problem to patients, health policy and practitioners. This article outlines concepts of behavioral economics that might lead a patient to decide against the provider's recommendations and thus to be non-adherent. Especially the timing of pay-offs and dynamic inconsistency, their uncertainty and ambiguity aversion, loss-aversion and numerous heuristics like the peak-end-rule are discussed. The paper concludes with some hints on “libertarian” paternalism that may improve the situation.
How Bonus Deferral Changes Risk Taking
2012
We characterize continuous-time risk taking and show that the introduction of deferral increases risk taking at any time when the realized asset value is large or small. For realized asset values in-between we derive the parameterizations of deferral for which risk taking decreases and discuss trade-offs in setting the deferral parameters.
Does bonus deferral reduce risk-taking?
2015
AbstractThe common thinking that deferring bonus payments makes an agent more risk averse isfalse. We characterize continuous-time risk taking and show that the introduction of deferralincreases risk taking at any time when the realized asset value is large or small. For realizedasset values in-between we characterize the parameterizations of deferral for which risk tak-ing decreases and discuss trade-offs in setting the deferral parameters.Keywordsbonus, risk taking, risk aversion, deferral ratioJEL Classi cationG28, G38 ∗ This paper circulated previously under the title \Bonus Deferral Does Not Choke Excessive Risk Taking."We are grateful for comments and suggestions from seminar participa…
Portfolio performance evaluation with loss aversion
2011
In this paper we consider a loss-averse investor equipped with a specific, but still quite general, utility function motivated by behavioral finance. We show that, under certain concrete assumptions concerning the form of this utility, one can derive closed-form solutions for the investor's portfolio performance measure. We investigate the effects of loss aversion and demonstrate its important role in performance measurement. The framework presented in this paper also provides a sound theoretical foundation for all known performance measures based on partial moments of the distribution.
Continent Anal Urinary Diversion in Classic Bladder Exstrophy: 45-Year Experience
2017
Objective To evaluate the long-term outcomes in patients with classic bladder exstrophy and continent anal urinary diversion (CAD) for continence, upper urinary tract status, secondary malignancies, and sexual function. Patients and Methods The medical records of 82 exstrophy patients having undergone CAD in our department between 1970 and 2015 were reviewed. Patients were invited for follow-up examinations and asked to complete validated questionnaires relating to sexual function. Results Thirty-two of 57 eligible patients with a median follow-up of 23.9 years were included in the study. Ninety-seven percent of patients were fully continent during daytime. Upper urinary tract and renal fun…
Thinking of future as an older individual increases perceived risks for age‐related diseases but not for COVID‐19
2022
Actively thinking of one's future as an older individual could increase perceived risk and risk aversion. This could be particularly relevant for COVID-19, if we consider the common representation of the risk of being infected by COVID-19 as associated with being older. Increased perceived risk could bear consequences on the adoption of preventive behaviours. Thus, we investigated whether increasing the salience of individuals' future as an older adult would impact on their perceived risk for COVID-19 and medical conditions varying for age-relatedness. One hundred and forty-four Italian adults (Mage = 27.72, range: 18–56) were randomly assigned to either a future as older adult thinking or …