Search results for "VIE"
showing 10 items of 11648 documents
The Current Landscape of Clinical Trials for Systemic Treatment of HCC
2021
Simple Summary Liver cancer is a life-threatening disease. Apart from surgery and catheter-guided therapies, drugs are a central pillar for its treatment. Clinical trials are research studies that are designed to evaluate the treatment effect of a given drug. Therefore, they are the driving force behind innovation and medical progress. One such innovation in the past years has been immunotherapy, which has become increasingly important for treating cancer. Recently, the first such therapy has been approved for the treatment of liver cancer. Current clinical trials are exploring the benefit of immunotherapy and other therapies for this disease. This article gives an overview of such trials p…
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) Organoids: The Shining Light at the End of the Tunnel for Drug Response Prediction and Personalized Medicine.
2020
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) causes massive medical problems because of late diagnosis and limited responsiveness to standard chemotherapeutic treatments. This makes PDAC one of the major causes of death by cancer. To address this problem, novel tools for early diagnosis and therapy are needed. The recent development of PDAC organoids, which represent micro-scale mini-tumors, offers promising new options for personalized drug-testing based on primary PDAC patient material. This overview article summarizes and discusses the current state-of-the-art in exploiting the organoid technology to improve clinical management of PDAC. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma…
Prognostic Role of High-Grade Tumor Budding in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with a Focus on Epithelial to …
2019
This study aims at clarifying the prognostic role of high-grade tumor budding (TB) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with the first systematic review and meta-analysis on this topic. Furthermore, we analyzed with a systematic review the relationship between TB and a recently suggested TB-associated mechanism: the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Analyzing a total of 613 patients, 251 of them (40.9%) with high grade-TB, we found an increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.13-1.88, p = 0.004; HR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.79-3.91; p < 0.0001) and of recurrence (RR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.05-2.47, p = 0.03) for PDAC patients with high-grade TB. Moreover, we found that E…
Immuno-targeted combinations in oncogene-addicted non-small cell lung cancer
2018
The identification of tumor “oncogenic drivers” and the subsequent development of targeted therapy represented a milestone in the treatment of lung cancer over the last years. Tumor genotyping has been incorporated into therapeutic decision making of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) since has become clear that individuals with actionable molecular alterations receiving a matched targeted agent certainly live longer and better. The recent understanding of biological mechanisms underlying cancer immune evasion has allowed the development of a new class of immunomodulatory agents which are able to reactivate host immune-response, offering the potential for long-term disease control …
The Role of Molecular Profiling to Predict the Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer.
2019
Immune checkpoint inhibitors radically changed the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, only one-quarter of patients benefit from these new therapies when used as monotherapy. The assessment of Program Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) tumor expression by immunohistochemistry is used to select potential responder patients, but this not an optimal marker since it does not predict the absence of anti PD-1 efficacy. Despite this shortcoming, PD-L1 remains the gold standard biomarker in many studies and the only biomarker available for clinicians. In addition to histological markers, transcriptomic and exome analyses have revealed potential biomarkers requiring further c…
Non-Radiation Based Early Pain Relief Treatment Options for Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Cancer Induced Bone Pain: A Systematic Review
2020
Introduction: Cancer induced bone pain (CIBP) is frequent in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Radiation therapy continues to be the gold standard for treatment of painful bone metastases, however only a limited number of metastases can be irradiated. We evaluated non-radiation based early CIBP relief options in NSCLC through a systematic review. Methods: Systematic review including all prospective articles published between 01-1994 and 06-2020 on Pubmed, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov database. Inclusion: nonradiation based trials evaluating CIBP early pain relief options (initially defined as pain score evaluated within two weeks, because of no randomized trials, …
Recent Advances in Desmoid Tumor Therapy
2020
The desmoid tumor is a locally aggressive proliferative disease within the family of soft-tissue sarcomas. Despite its relatively good prognosis, the clinical management of desmoid tumors requires constant multidisciplinary evaluation due to its highly variable clinical behavior. Recently, active surveillance has being regarded as the appropriate strategy at diagnosis, as indolent persistence or spontaneous regressions are not uncommon. Here, we review the most recent advances in desmoid tumor therapy, including low-dose chemotherapy and treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We also explore the recent improvements in our knowledge of the molecular biology of this disease, which are lea…
Dose-Dense Chemotherapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Shortening the Time Interval for a Better Therapeutic Index
2015
Despite the advancement of targeted therapies in metastatic breast cancer, chemotherapy is still of pivotal importance. The concept of dose density is known to increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. In metastatic disease, preservation of the quality of life is equally important. Because of this, weekly regimens are a cornerstone in metastatic disease. Taxanes like paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel as well as antracyclines are often used in palliative treatment. Further advances to increase dose density have led to the concept of daily metronomic schedules with oral chemotherapeutic drugs like cyclophosphamide, capecitabine, or vinorelbine. Metronomic chemotherapy affects tumor angiogenesis and a…
The Role of Laboratory Tests in Crohn's Disease.
2016
In the past, laboratory tests were considered of limited value in Crohn's disease (CD). In the era of biologics, laboratory tests have become essential to evaluate the inflammatory burden of the disease (C-reactive protein, fecal calprotectin) since symptoms-based scores are subjective, to predict the response to pharmacological options and the risk of relapse, to discriminate CD from ulcerative colitis, to select candidates to anti-tumor necrosis factors [screening tests looking for hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus status and latent tuberculosis], to assess the risk of adverse events (testing for thiopurine metabolites and thiopurine-methyltransferase activity), and to personalize a…
Roles of GSK-3 and microRNAs on epithelial mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells.
2017
// James A. McCubrey 1 , Timothy L. Fitzgerald 2 , Li V. Yang 3 , Kvin Lertpiriyapong 4 , Linda S. Steelman 1 , Stephen L. Abrams 1 , Giuseppe Montalto 5,6 , Melchiorre Cervello 6 , Luca M. Neri 7 , Lucio Cocco 8 , Alberto M. Martelli 8 , Piotr Laidler 9 , Joanna Dulinska-Litewka 9 , Dariusz Rakus 10 , Agnieszka Gizak 10 , Ferdinando Nicoletti 11 , Luca Falzone 11 , Saverio Candido 11 and Massimo Libra 11 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA 2 Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, Brody Sc…