Search results for "VIEILLISSEMENT"
showing 10 items of 57 documents
Identité narrative, déprise et vécu du vieillissement
2018
Cet article se propose d’envisager le rapport entre deprise et recit de soi comme source de continuite identitaire dans une perspective philosophique, en reference a la notion d’identite narrative de Paul Ricœur. Si le recit de soi permet de mettre en forme le temps que l’on vit sans supposer un noyau non changeant de l’identite, ce recit devrait favoriser le processus de deprise. Mais cette mise en forme du temps par le recit se heurte a plusieurs obstacles : l’invisibilite de notre propre vieillissement qui ne nous laisse pas l’elaborer, sauf a souscrire aux regards exterieurs qui nous objectivent ; la difficulte d’articuler ce recit avec nos valeurs fondamentales dans la duree du temps d…
Problématiques de la nutrition en ophtalmologie – application à la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge
2014
Nutrition in ophthalmology – clinical application to age-related macular degeneration «Let food be your medicine.» This contribution from Hippocrates is still timely addressed, especially in the field of ophthalmology. Observational epidemiology reports close associations between food habits and the risk or prevention of several ocular pathologies such as cataract or Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Anti-oxidant vitamins, minerals and lipids are the nutrients that have been the most widely studied. Interventional epidemiology and experimental works partially corroborated these findings. Unexpectedly, the benefit of long chain omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the prevention of l…
Degradation mechanisms under hydro-thermo-mechanical loads of natural fibers-reinforced biocomposites : application to the development of lightweight…
2018
With the current environmental concerns, research turns to alternative solutions to synthetic fibres. Vegetal fibers appears as good candidates, with good mechanical properties. However, their low durability is a major issue, especially when the composites are exposed to hydro(hygro)thermal loadings.The purpore of this thesis is to analyse and understand the degradation mechanisms when hydro-thermo-mechanical loadings are applied, in order to implement a predictive modelisation of the composite durability.The manufacturing process wasstudied and optimised to produce reproducible and strong composites. Two materials were produced. Their only difference is their volumetric fiber contents (37.…
L'utilisation de la musique comme support de nouveaux apprentissages dans le vieillisement normal et la maladie d'Alzheimer
2012
This thesis research aims to test the potential of music as a mnemonic support for new learning in normal elderly and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) participants. Several studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of music on cognition in aging and dementia. At the same time, in young adults, the idea that music could serve as a mnemonic support is highly debated. Yet, very few studies addressed this question in aging or dementia. In the present work, we conduct two studies in a cohort of 8 mild Alzheimer’s disease and 7 matched control participants. The first study concerns verbal memory, and compares learning and different retention delays of lyrics (unknown texts) that are either spoken o…
The implicit motor learning use as a therapeutic tool in frail elderly people
2016
To write, take, walk, talk is a part of our daily. Our motor ability is used to change depending on our environment and our skill, acquired thanks to our experience, learnings, and according to our age. We strive to find optimal solutions, to be more performants, more efficient. But we must be able to discern to act well and act to better discern. This « perception-action » coupling is the basis of the organization of motor control. Human can discern through several sensory systems (Visual, auditory, proprioceptive) intrinsic informations, coming from his own body, and extrinsic informations, from his environment. All of these informations are in the service of the movement and actions of d…
Le vieillissement des personnes en situation de handicap : un regard démographique sur la Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
2018
The aging of people with disabilities has become, in the last forty years, a significant issue in the medico-social sector and also in our society. The lengthening of life is a positive phenomenon, a result of the efforts to professionalize the accompaniment of people with disabilities. Aging is a process, certainly irreversible, but natural. If a few people are the rare witnesses, in the 1980s, the phenomenon grows with time and becomes a demographic phenomenon. For the demographer, the notion of aging applies to a population and not to individuals. The observation of this process makes it possible to predict the trend of the changing needs of a population in the health, social and medico-…
Résidents et personnel en établissement d'hébergement pour personnes agées dépendantes (EHPAD) : création ou recréation de liens spécifiques en milie…
2019
This thesis studies the specific relationship that develops between the staff, the residents and their family and friends in retirement homes for dependents elderly in a rural environment.The aim is to analyse the creation process by the actors to go from an acquaintanceship network to an interdependence network and how each adapts, reorganise, more or less, among facilities where the legislator codified strongly the relational framework.The arrival to a retirement home marks, in all cases, a strong biographical break. For a little of people, it means having to accept abandoning a significant part of their past life. It forces the residents to (re)build themselves a new identity, a new stat…
Les Grandes Plaines des Etats-Unis : une Amérique du déclin démographique
2003
The Shinking of Population in the Great Plains of the United States. In the Plain States (Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota and North Dakota), where many of the American counties experiencing losses in population are concentrated, the variety of population dynamics is wider than expected. Besides persistent decline linked to rural outmigration and ageing in remote locations, the is also a rapid growth of the principal metropolitan areas of the region. In several counties, the reversal of demographic fortunes is linked to the recent creation of large meatpacking plants, which have recruited Mexican labor. The sudden arrival of Hispanics in small rural towns has generated tensions. The magnitude…
Information retrieval in digital documents : a variation patterns of procedural execution
2013
The research activity of information on the internet has become common in our daily life. Despite this fact, it still raises many problems for the user who does not find the information they want or is lost to the amount of information available. This study aims at testing a new patented preview device, enabling users to browse and view pages in depth. The task is to find a target apartment with one or more specific criteria in a real estate agency designed website. Several conditions were tested. The “usual” condition with the classic search features, page by page, the other "transparent" condition which enables you to preview selected pages and select only relevant pages. We are intereste…
Activité physique et prévention des chutes chez les personnes âgées
2015
Les chutes chez les personnes âgées sont fréquentes : près d’une personne de plus de 65 ans sur trois et une personne de plus de 80 ans sur deux chutent chaque année. L’état de santé, les capacités fonctionnelles, les facteurs comportementaux ou les caractéristiques de l’environnement constituent autant de facteurs de risque. Au-delà des traumatismes physiques et psychologiques tels que la peur de tomber qui en résultent, les chutes peuvent entraîner des limitations fonctionnelles, une diminution de la qualité de vie, une perte d’autonomie voire une entrée en institution.Dans un contexte de vieillissement de la population, la prévention des chutes et la préservation de l’autonomie dans les …