Search results for "VIROME"
showing 10 items of 40 documents
Neoanthropocene Raising and Protection of Natural and Cultural Heritage: A Case Study in Southern Italy
2020
Analyzing the human history on the planet, a conflictual relation was raised when humankind had started destroying the natural ecosystem and biota, and consequently, a capacity to induce environmental change has increased throughout human history in the so-called Anthropocene age. A 'noosphere'-centered civilization could produce a non-disruptive new kind of anthropocentrism. This is becoming a new context to define Neoanthropocene based on a renewed homeostatic relationship between Earth and mankind. The potential application of this theoretical approach has been tested in drafting steps of Plan of Lucania Apennines, Valdagri, and Lagonegrese National Park, in southern Italy. Drafting the …
The discovery, distribution, and diversity of DNA viruses associated with Drosophila melanogaster in Europe
2021
Drosophila melanogaster is an important model for antiviral immunity in arthropods, but very few DNA viruses have been described from the family Drosophilidae. This deficiency limits our opportunity to use natural host-pathogen combinations in experimental studies, and may bias our understanding of the Drosophila virome. Here, we report fourteen DNA viruses detected in a metagenomic analysis of 6668 pool-sequenced Drosophila, sampled from forty-seven European locations between 2014 and 2016. These include three new nudiviruses, a new and divergent entomopoxvirus, a virus related to Leptopilina boulardi filamentous virus, and a virus related to Musca domestica salivary gland hypertrophy viru…
General Overview
2016
Il capitolo introduce alla tematica smart city attraverso un exscursus storico che ne traccia i passaggi salienti: la nascita delle politiche globali ambientali sino al livello della maturità raggiunto con il Protocollo di Kyoto (1997); poi ancora il Pacchetto Clima 20-20-20 redatto dalla Commissione Europea nel 2008 che traccia un'altro punto cruciale che prelude ai progetti e alle iniziative in ambito smart cities. La Strategia Energetica Europea al 2050 rappresenta il quadro di riferimento a cui tendere. Il capitolo si conclude con una rassegna dei sistemi di ranking più popolari e con una proposta di analisi. The chapter introduces to smart city issue through a historical excursus, whic…
Danno all'ambiente e tutela della persona
2012
Il libro propone una riflessione sul danno ambientale, inquadrandola nella più ampia prospettiva della tutela della persona, alla quale la figura del danno ambientale sembra potersi ascrivere. Delineata la disciplina in tema di danno all'ambiente, quale emergente dal lungo iter normativo, dottrinale e giurisprudenziale, che ne ha segnato la sua evoluzione, emerge l'idea di un danno ambientale, che potrebbe definirsi esistenziale, in grado di suggerire riflessioni interessanti, tanto in tema di responsabilità ambientale, quanto riguardo all'area del danno alla persona. La parabola del danno ambientale, se continua forse oggi ad evocare pericolosi "mostriciattoli", è figlia della storia di un…
Infection Load and Prevalence of Novel Viruses Identified from the Bank Vole Do Not Associate with Exposure to Environmental Radioactivity
2019
Bank voles (Myodes glareolus) are host to many zoonotic viruses. As bank voles inhabiting areas contaminated by radionuclides show signs of immunosuppression, resistance to apoptosis, and elevated DNA repair activity, we predicted an association between virome composition and exposure to radionuclides. To test this hypothesis, we studied the bank vole virome in samples of plasma derived from animals inhabiting areas of Ukraine (contaminated areas surrounding the former nuclear power plant at Chernobyl, and uncontaminated areas close to Kyiv) that differed in level of environmental radiation contamination. We discovered four strains of hepacivirus and four new virus sequences: two adeno-asso…
The analysis of the oral DNA virome reveals which viruses are widespread and rare among healthy young adults in Valencia (Spain).
2017
We have analysed oral wash samples from 72 healthy young adults in Valencia (Spain) for a metagenomic analysis through the construction of shotgun libraries and high-throughput-sequencing. The oral viral communities have been taxonomically characterised as well as and the gene content from the latter. The majority of viruses are found in few individuals, with single occurrences being the most widespread ones, whereas universally distributed viruses, while present, are relatively rare, with bacteriophages from families Siphoviridae and Myoviridae, and Streptococcus phages, as well as the eukaryotic viral family Herpesviridae amongst the most widespread viruses. No significant differences wer…
Bioengineering Materials for Environment Protection in a Changing Climate
2019
Climate change is one of the biggest problems of our times and passing the time climate extremes tend to increase both in magnitude and in frequency. Because the severity of the extreme climate events has increased, the interaction of these events with vulnerable human and natural systems has more frequently lead to disasters. Recent climate models projections have also shown a further substantial warming in temperature extremes by the end of the 21st century. The prevision models’ results also indicate that the global warming and the increase in frequency of temperature extremes could be strictly related to the anthropogenic forcing. The present special issue collects contributions represe…
Advanced microscopy analysis of the micro-nanoscale architecture of human menisci
2019
AbstractThe complex inhomogeneous architecture of the human meniscal tissue at the micro and nano scale in the absence of artefacts introduced by sample treatments has not yet been fully revealed. The knowledge of the internal structure organization is essential to understand the mechanical functionality of the meniscus and its relationship with the tissue’s complex structure. In this work, we investigated human meniscal tissue structure using up-to-date non-invasive imaging techniques, based on multiphoton fluorescence and quantitative second harmonic generation microscopy complemented with Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy measurements. Observations on 50 meniscal samples extract…
Direct sequencing of human gut virome fractions obtained by flow cytometry
2015
The sequence assembly of the human gut virome encounters several difficulties. A high proportion of human and bacterial matches is detected in purified viral samples. Viral DNA extraction results in a low DNA concentration, which does not reach the minimal limit required for sequencing library preparation. Therefore, the viromes are usually enriched by whole genome amplification, which is, however, prone to the development of chimeras and amplification bias. In addition, as there is a very wide diversity of gut viral species, very extensive sequencing efforts must be made for the assembling of whole viral genomes. We present an approach to improve human gut virome assembly by employing a mo…
Targeting of multiple myeloma-related angiogenesis by miR-199a-5p mimics: in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity
2014
// Lavinia Raimondi 1 , Nicola Amodio 1 , Maria Teresa Di Martino 1 , Emanuela Altomare 1 , Marzia Leotta 1 , Daniele Caracciolo 1 , Annamaria Gulla 1 , Antonino Neri 2 , Simona Taverna 3 , Patrizia D’Aquila 4 , Riccardo Alessandro 3 , Antonio Giordano 5 , Pierosandro Tagliaferri 1 and Pierfrancesco Tassone 1,5 . 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy 2 Department of Medical Sciences University of Milan, Hematology1, IRCCS Policlinico Foundation, Milan, Italy 3 Department of Pathology and Forensic and Medical Biotechnology, Section of Biology and…