Search results for "VOLUME"
showing 10 items of 1932 documents
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Physical Activity following Lung Transplantation: A National Cohort Study
2020
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Low cardiorespiratory fitness and inactivity are common after lung transplantation (LTx). The causes of exercise intolerance are incompletely understood. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to objectively assess cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity, evaluate causes of exercise intolerance, and explore clinical factors associated with cardiorespiratory fitness after bilateral LTx (BLTx). <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Peak oxygen uptake (V<b>∙</b>O<sub>2peak</sub>) and exercise-limiting factors were evaluated by a treadmill cardiopulmonary…
A dose-ranging study of indacaterol in obstructive airways disease, with a tiotropium comparison.
2008
This dose-ranging study assessed the bronchodilator efficacy and tolerability of indacaterol, a novel once-daily inhaled beta2-agonist, in subjects clinically diagnosed with COPD. Comparative data with tiotropium were collected. In the double-blind, core period of the study, 635 subjects with COPD (prebronchodilator FEV(1)40% of predicted and > or =1.0L; FEV1/FVC <70%) were randomized to receive indacaterol 50, 100, 200 or 400microg or placebo via multi-dose dry powder inhaler, or indacaterol 400microg via single-dose dry powder inhaler, once daily for 7 days. After completing double-blind treatment and washout, a subset of subjects from each treatment group entered an open-label extension …
Evolution of Functional Exercise Capacity in Lung Transplant Patients With and Without Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome: A Longitudinal Case-Control…
2019
Introduction: Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) is a debilitating disease with limited treatment options that threatens both the quality of life and long-term survival of lung transplant (LTx) recipients. This retrospective longitudinal case-control study was performed to compare the long-term functional evolution of LTx recipients with and without BOS. Methods: Twenty-four LTx recipients with BOS (BOS=Cases) and 24 without BOS (NON-BOS=Controls) were selected and individually matched according to age, gender, diagnosis and LTx characteristics. Measurements of 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), symptoms of dyspnea (BORG CR-10 scale), and comprehensive pulmonary function testing were pe…
Subjective symptomatology of asthma: validation of the asthma symptom checklist in an outpatient Spanish population.
1997
The objective of this study was to validate the Asthma Symptom Checklist (ASC) so that it could be reliably used to assess the subjective symptomatology of asthma attacks in our context. Subjective symptomatology of asthma was examined in a group of 100 adult Spanish outpatients (57 women, 43 men; 17-69 years of age) with asthma. All of them completed the modified version of the ASC as well as questionnaires of depression, anxiety, and self-management of asthma (self-efficacy expectancies and health care utilization). Data about duration and severity of asthma, as well as dyspnea and %FEV1, were also recorded. The highest reliability Cronbach alpha indexes were for the panic-fear and fatigu…
A New Configuration for Helmet Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Allowing Tidal Volume Monitoring
2020
We performed a bench and human study to test the hypothesis that a ventilator can accurately estimate Vt when a helmet is used in CPAP mode in a single limb configuration with an intentional leak port placed at the helmet expiratory port. We have recently demonstrated the effectiveness of this setup in bilevel mode
Airway distensibility by HRCT in asthmatics and COPD with comparable airway obstruction.
2013
Introduction: Decreased airway distensibility (AD) in response to deep inspirations, as assessed by HRCT, has been associated with the severity of asthma and COPD. Aims: The current study was designed to compare the magnitude of AD by HRCT in individuals with asthma and COPD with comparable degrees of bronchial obstruction, and to explore factors that may influence it. Results: We enrolled a total of 12 asthmatics (M/F:7/5) and 8 COPD (7/1) with comparable degree of bronchial obstruction (FEV1% predicted mean±SEM: 69.1 ± 5.2% and 61.2 ± 5.0%, respectively; p = 0.31). Each subject underwent chest HRCT at FRC and at TLC. A total of 701 airways (range 20 to 38 airway per subject; 2.0 to 23.1 m…
Effect of age and asthma duration upon elastase and alpha1-antitrypsin levels in adult asthmatics
2003
In asthmatic subjects an imbalance between elastase and alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-PI) exists. This study aims to evaluate whether ageing per se affects the levels of elastase. Both young and elderly asthmatics with comparable severity and duration of disease, as well as young and elderly healthy subjects, underwent an induced sputum procedure to measure levels of elastase and alpha1-PI. The percentage of sputum neutrophils and eosinophils was higher in young and elderly asthmatics than in young and elderly controls. The levels of both total and active elastase were significantly higher in young and elderly asthmatics than in young and elderly controls, and directly correlated with the perc…
Modifications in forced vital capacity during adenosine monophosphate-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma: relationship with the response to methac…
2009
Background The effect of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) on forced vital capacity (FVC) has never been systematically investigated. Objective To compare methacholine- and AMP-induced changes in FVC, as a marker of air trapping, in asthmatic patients treated and not treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs). Methods Airway responsiveness to equipotent concentrations of AMP and methacholine was obtained in asthmatic patients treated (n = 32) and not treated (n = 18) with ICSs. The response was expressed by the provocation concentration of agonist that caused a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) of 20% (PC 20 ) and by the slope of the FVC values recorded at each step of …
Value of echocardiography in patient follow-up after surgically corrected type A aortic dissection.
2001
Background To identify patients (pts) at risk of late complications, follow-up after surgery for type A aortic dissection is essential. We assessed the value of echocardiography to monitor patients after surgery for type A aortic dissection. Methods 80 out of 108 pts operated between 1989 and 1999 for type A aortic dissection survived surgery. 62 pts with at least one TEE, CT or MRI examinations during follow-up were included in this study. All pts had transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), 53 transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), 51 had CT, and 39 had MRI. Results At the first follow-up, 12 of 48 pts with aortic valve sparing surgery presented with aortic insufficiency >I degrees detected…
Analysis of atelectasis, ventilated, and hyperinflated lung during mechanical ventilation by dynamic CT.
2005
Study objective: To study the dynamics of lung compartments by dynamic CT (dCT) imaging during uninterrupted pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) and different positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) settings in healthy and damaged lungs. Design: Experimental animal investigation. Setting: Experimental animal facility of a university department. Interventions: In seven anesthetized pigs, static inspiratory pressure volume curves were obtained to identify the individual lower inflection point (LIP) before and after saline solution lung lavage. During PCV, PEEP was adjusted 5 millibars (mbar) below the individually determined LIP (LIP - 5), at the LIP, and 5 mbar above the LIP (LIP + 5). Mea…