Search results for "VOLUME"

Fluticasone/formoterol combination therapy versus budesonide/formoterol for the treatment of asthma: a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial …

2012

The inhaled corticosteroid fluticasone propionate (fluticasone) and the long-acting β₂ agonist formoterol fumarate (formoterol) have been combined in a single aerosol inhaler fluticasone/formoterol (flutiform(®)). This study compared the efficacy and safety of fluticasone/formoterol with the combination product budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort(®) Turbohaler(®)).A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, Phase 3 study comprising a 7- (± 3) day screening, 2-4-week run-in, and 12-week treatment periods. Patients aged ≥ 12 years with moderate to severe persistent asthma for ≥ 6 months before screening and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) 50-80% predicted and ≥ 15% rever…

Paired Inspiratory/Expiratory Volumetric Thin-Slice CT Scan for Emphysema Analysis

2005

Purpose: The aim of the study was to use three-dimensional high-resolution CT scan data sets in inspiration and expiration for the quantitative evaluation of emphysema. Using an advanced dedicated semiautomatic analysis tool, the functional inspiratory/expiratory shifts of emphysema volume and clusters were quantified. The pulmonary function test (PFT) served as the clinical “gold standard.” Materials and methods: Thirty-one patients (9 women and 22 men; mean [± SD] age, 60 ± 8 years) who had severe emphysema due to COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] class III and IV) were included in the study. All patients underwent paired inspiratory/expiratory multidetec…

Oxidative Stress and Respiratory System: Pharmacological and Clinical Reappraisal of N-Acetylcysteine

2014

Abstract The large surface area for gas exchange makes the respiratory system particularly susceptible to oxidative stress-mediated injury. Both endogenous and exogenous pro-oxidants (e.g. cigarette smoke) trigger activation of leukocytes and host defenses. These mechanisms interact in a ìmultilevel cycleî responsible for the control of the oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis. Several studies have demonstrated the presence of increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidants (e.g. reduced glutathione [GSH]) in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathophysiology of COPD is generally only minimally discussed. The aim of t…

Efficacy and safety of indacaterol and tiotropium in COPD patients according to dyspnoea severity.

2013

Background Guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) recommend that treatment choices be based partly on symptoms. Methods A post-hoc analysis of pooled data from clinical studies compared the efficacy and safety of once-daily inhaled bronchodilators indacaterol (150 and 300 μg) and open-label tiotropium (18 μg) according to baseline dyspnoea severity on the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale in patients with COPD (mMRC scores <2 = ‘less dyspnoea’; scores ≥2 = ‘more dyspnoea’). Outcomes were assessed after 26 weeks. Results The analysis included 3177 patients. In patients with less dyspnoea: indacaterol (both doses) improved 24-h post-dose (‘trough’) forced exp…

Differences in the Response to Methacholine Between the Tidal Breathing and Dosimeter Methods

2008

Background It has been postulated that differences in provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV 1 (PC 20 ) values between the dosimeter method and tidal breathing method might be due to differences in the dose of agonist delivered to the mouth. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of the dose of aerosol delivered to the mouth on differences in the response obtained with each challenge method. Methods This study measured airway responsiveness to methacholine by dosimeter method and tidal breathing method in 27 subjects with suspected asthma. The dosimeter was modified to deliver an identical volume to that obtained with the tidal breathing met…

A potential link between serum low-density lipoproteins and asthma

2015

Effect of ketotifen on the bronchodilation induced by salbutamol.

1988

Twelve subjects with stable asthma each inhaled two puffs (200 micrograms) of salbutamol on 2 separate days 3 h after double-blind oral administration of ketotifen (two 1-mg capsules) or identical placebo. FEV1 was recorded before and at intervals for 4 h after inhalation of salbutamol. Overall, the FEV1 was significantly greater during the 4-hour period after premedication with ketotifen (p less than 0.02) and the difference between the effect of placebo and ketotifen was statistically significant at 120, 180 and 240 min after salbutamol (p less than 0.05).

Effectiveness and safety of a new helmet CPAP configuration allowing tidal volume monitoring in patients with COVID-19.

2021

Abstract Background High generated tidal volumes (Vt) have been correlated with higher risk of self-induced lung injury and worse clinical outcome. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a new helmet continuous positive airway pressure delivered (h-CPAP) configuration allowing Vt monitoring in patients affected by COVID-19. Methods This prospective observational study was performed in the respiratory intermediate care unit of University Hospital in Turin, Italy, between March 24th, and June 15th, 2020. Included patients were treated with CPAP via a single-limb intentional leak configuration by a turbine-driven ventilator, provided with a dedicated patch. Effectiveness …

P-146 * PROLONGED SURVIVAL AND REDUCED HOSPITAL STAY AFTER VIDEO-ASSISTED THORACOSCOPIC SURGERY SEGMENTECTOMY FOR SMALL LUNG CARCINOMA

2014

Clinical and Functional Characteristics of COPD Patients Across GOLD Classifications: Results of a Multicenter Observational Study.

2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease. The severity grading systems proposed by the Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) have changed over time. The aim of the study was to evaluate if the different GOLD classifications can capture the complexity of the disease by investigating the distribution of lung function and clinical parameters across the GOLD classification systems. This was an observational, retrospective, multicentre study. COPD patients were stratified according to the GOLD severity grading proposed in the 2007, and to the ABCD assessment tool present in the 2011, and 2017 versions of the initiative. Data from body plethy…