Search results for "Valence"

showing 10 items of 2732 documents

Time–carbonyl groups equivalence in photo-oxidative aging of virgin/recycled polymer blends

2004

AbstractThe photo-oxidation behaviour of polymers is strongly dependent on the initial amount of carbonyl groups along the chains. The growing use of recycled post-consumer polymers coming from products used outdoors and then photo-oxidised, both pure and blended with the same virgin polymer, gives rise to an unpredictable behaviour of weathering resistance of products made with these materials. The present work shows that the carbonyl group–exposure time curves can be shifted along the time axis to give a single generalised master plot. It is then possible to predict the formation of the new carbonyl groups by knowing only the initial amount of the same carbonyl groups. The same shift fact…

chemistry.chemical_classificationUnpredictable behaviourWork (thermodynamics)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsGeneral Chemical EngineeringPolymerShift factorchemistryPHOTO-OXIDATION RECYCLED POLYMERS TIME CARBONYL GROUPS EQUIVALENCE VIRGIN/RECYCLED POLYMER BLENDSMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesPolymer blendComposite materialPlastics, Rubber and Composites
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Gold(iii) tetraarylporphyrin amino acid derivatives: ligand or metal centred redox chemistry?

2015

EPR spectroscopy and DFT calculations show that the site of reduction of porphyrinato gold(iii) complexes depends on the counterions X, the meso substituents R and the solvent.

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)010405 organic chemistryGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesPorphyrin0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferChemistrychemistryValence isomerHexafluorophosphateDensity functional theoryElectron configurationCounterionChemical science
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Exploring the exchange interaction in a mixed valence {CoII4CoIII2} hexanuclear cluster with novel topology

2012

Abstract Reaction between [Co2(μ-OH2)(μ-Piv)2(Piv)2(HPiv)4] and a (salicylidene)ethanolamine ligand under ambient reaction conditions, affords hexanuclear complexes [CoIII2CoII4(Piv)8(HPiv)2(L)2(OH)2] (1–2). Both products have been characterized crystallographically and found to be mixed-valent, containing divalent and trivalent Co centers. Down to 30 K, the variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility data are dominated by the single-ion properties of high spin Co(II) centers with distorted-octahedral coordination geometries. Below this temperature, the effect of intramolecular ferromagnetic exchange interactions becomes apparent. Magnetic data has been analyzed in terms of ground isolated…

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)ChemistryExchange interactionCrystal structureMagnetic susceptibilityDivalentInorganic ChemistryMagnetizationCrystallographyFerromagnetismIntramolecular forceMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPolyhedron
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Conformation of tert-butoxycarbonylglycyl-dehydroalanyl-glycine methyl ester in the crystalline state and calculated in the gas phase.

2006

tert-Butoxy­carbonyl­glycyl-dehydro­alanyl-glycine methyl ester (systematic name: methyl {2-[(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)­acetamido]prop-2-enamido}acetate) (Boc0-Gly1-ΔAla2-Gly3-OMe), C13H21N3O6, has been structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and by density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6–311+G** level. The peptide chain in both the solid-state and calculated structures adopts neither β nor γ turns. All amino acid residues in the tripeptide sequence are linked trans to each other. The bond lengths and valence angles of the amino acid units in the crystal structure and gas phase are comparable. However, the conformation of the third glycyl residue (…

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)ChemistryStereochemistryMolecular ConformationGeneral MedicineCrystal structureTripeptideGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAmino acidBond lengthCrystallographyResidue (chemistry)X-Ray DiffractionX-ray crystallographyDensity functional theoryGasesCrystallizationPeptidesOligopeptidesActa crystallographica. Section C, Crystal structure communications
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Pressure effect studies in molecular magnetism

2004

We report on temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility and Mossbauer effect studies of the influence of hydrostatic pressure (up to 1.2 GPa) on dynamic electronic structure phenomena in 3d transition metal coordination compounds. The systems under investigation are mononuclear spin crossover compounds of iron (II) and chromium (II), dinuclear complexes of iron (II) exhibiting coexistence of intramolecular antiferromagnetic coupling and thermal spin crossover, 1D, 2D and 3D polynuclear spin crossover complexes of iron (II), a valence tautomeric system of cobalt (II) showing a thermal transition from a high spin [CoII (semiquinone)] to a low spin [CoII (catecholate)] species on lowering t…

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)Condensed matter physicsChemistryMagnetismGeneral Chemical EngineeringHydrostatic pressureGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic susceptibilityCoordination complexCrystallographyElectron transferFerromagnetismTransition metalSpin crossoverCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGeneral Materials ScienceJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Magnetic and Spectroscopic Study on a New Asymmetric Mixed-valence Mn2(II,III) Coordination Compound

2015

A new dinuclear mixed-valence compound [MnIIMnIII(bttpnol)(O2C–C6H4–NO2)2]ClO4 was synthesized by using the asymmetric heptadentate ligand N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N,N′,N′-tris(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol (H2btppnol). One central manganese atom assumes N3O3 and the other N2O4 coordination sphere. Both manganese ions are bridged by the alkoxy-group of the dinucleating ligand and two bidentate carboxylate groups of the nitrobenzoate ligands. The structural data show clearly that MnIII prefers the more oxygen rich donor set. Cyclic voltammetry measurements reveal that the mixed-valence state Mn2(II,III) could be reduced to Mn2(II,II) at E1/2(1) = –0.53 V and oxidized to Mn2(III,III) at …

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)DenticityCoordination sphereChemistryLigandInorganic chemistryMagnetic susceptibilitylaw.inventionCoordination complexInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographylawCarboxylateElectron paramagnetic resonanceZeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie
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A theoretical determination of the electronic spectrum of Methylenecyclopropene

1996

The vertical electronic spectrum of methylenecyclopropene, the prototype of the nonalternant hydrocarbons known as fulvenes, has been studied using multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory. The calculations comprise three valence states and the 3s, 3p, and 3d members of the Rydberg series converging to the first π ionization limit. Vertical excitation energies to three valence states are found at 4.13, 6.12, and 6.82 eV. The second of them corresponds to an excitation from the highest occupied σ orbital to a π* orbital, while the other two are π → π* excitations. The third transition gives rise to the most intense feature in the electronic spectrum. The results are rationalized…

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)Double bondFulvenesSpectral lineMethylenecyclopropenechemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakechemistryIonizationRydberg formulasymbolsChiropracticsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsExcitationTheoretica Chimica Acta
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Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of mixed-valence iron complexes with 2-pyridyl oximes

2018

Two new mixed-valence iron complexes with 2-pyridyl oximes, [Fe(mpko)3Fe(H2O)2(NO3)](NO3)·2H2O (1) (mpko− = methyl(2-pyridyl)ketone oximate) and [{Fe(dpko)3}2Fe](ClO4)·4H2O (2) (dpko− = bis(2-pyridyl)ketone oximate), have been prepared by reaction of FeIII with mpkoH in methanol (1) and FeII with dpkoH in methanol/water (2). Dinuclear FeII(low-spin)FeIII(high-spin) and trinuclear FeII(low-spin)FeIII(high-spin)FeII(low-spin) cations are present in the crystal structure of 1 and 2, respectively. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds in 1 lead to weak antiferromagnetic interactions between pairs of neighboring FeIII centers, which allows observation of single-ion zero-field splitting effects.

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)Ketone010405 organic chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondIntermolecular forceCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMethyl 2-pyridyl ketone oximechemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyMaterials ChemistryAntiferromagnetismMethanolPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Theoretical characterization of the electronic structure of polymeric systems combining disilanylene and /spl pi/-conjugated units

1994

Summary form only given. Polymeric organosilicon systems are in the forefront of research, due to their intriguing properties (semiconducting behavior, photoconduction, non-linear optical properties, and thermo- and piezochromism). The fundamental skeletons of most of these polymers consist of a /spl sigma/-electron network formed by silicon-silicon bonds. Recently, polymeric organosilicon systems containing a regular alternation of a disilanylene unit and carbon /spl pi/-conjugated moiety as phenylene, ethynylene, or ethenylene have been synthesized. The purpose of this contribution is to perform a detailed study of the electronic structure of polymers containing alternated disilanylene an…

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)Materials sciencebusiness.industryNonlinear opticsElectronic structurePolymerConjugated systemchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPhenyleneOptoelectronicsPhysical chemistryMoietybusinessOrganosiliconInternational Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals
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Soluble Complexes of Cobalt Oxide Fragments Bring the Unique CO2 Photoreduction Activity of a Bulk Material into the Flexible Domain of Molecular Sci…

2021

The deposition of metal oxides is essential to the fabrication of numerous multicomponent solid-state devices and catalysts. However, the reproducible formation of homogeneous metal oxide films or of nanoparticle dispersions at solid interfaces remains an ongoing challenge. Here we report that molecular hexaniobate cluster anion complexes of structurally and electronically distinct fragments of cubic-spinel and monoclinic Co3O4 can serve as tractable yet well-defined functional analogues of bulk cobalt oxide. Notably, the energies of the highest-occupied and lowest-unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) of the molecular complexes, 1, closely match the valence- and conduction-band (VB…

chemistry.chemical_classificationValence (chemistry)OxideNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTin oxidePhotochemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCoordination complexchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryMolecular orbital0210 nano-technologyCobalt oxideHOMO/LUMOJournal of the American Chemical Society
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