Search results for "Vector"

showing 10 items of 2660 documents

Displacement measurements in structural elements by optical techniques

2000

Speckle metrology and holographic interferometry (HI) have been used in several civil engineering applications. We present the results obtained by applying speckle photography (SP) to the study of two quadratic shearwalls with different boundary conditions, and the potential of the technique in the study of this kind of structures is described. The analysis of Young's fringes obtained with this technique at certain points on each shearwall provides the whole field of displacement measurements. HI has been used to measure the three components of absolute displacement, verifying that the bulging phenomenon does not affect the in-plane components when the applied load remains on the same plane…

Physicsbusiness.industryPlane (geometry)Mechanical EngineeringHolographic interferometryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsDisplacement (vector)Finite element methodElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMetrologySpeckle patternOpticsElectronic speckle pattern interferometryBoundary value problemElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessOptics and Lasers in Engineering
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Graphical representation of non-absorbing polarization devices

2000

A graphical representation of general non-absorbing polarization devices operating under normal plane-wave incidence is presented. The representation is based on a four-dimensional spherical parametrization of the Jones matrix of this kind of polarization devices. The graphical representation takes the form of a solid cylinder. The projection of the point representing the device over the base of the cylinder gives the corresponding polarization eigenvectors represented in the complex plane, while the height of the point in the cylinder is the phase of its eigenvalue. Some simple examples like wave-plates and rotators are discussed. The representation may represent a useful tool to identify …

Physicsbusiness.industryPlane waveOptical polarizationPolarization (waves)WaveplateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsLiquid crystalElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryReal representationbusinessComplex planeEigenvalues and eigenvectorsOptics Communications
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Target localization in the three-dimensional space by wavelength multiplexing.

2002

A method to localize a target in the three-dimensional space is presented. Each different position of the target on the depth axis produces, when captured with a CCD camera, an image of a different size on its sensor plane. The size of this image depends only on the distance between the target and the camera. The use of a white light optical correlator that gives us a different response depending on the scale of the input image permits us to know the depth position of the particular target. The obtained results demonstrate the utility of the newly proposed method.

Physicsbusiness.industryScale (descriptive set theory)02 engineering and technologySpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesThree-dimensional spaceMultiplexingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsImage (mathematics)010309 opticsWavelengthOpticsPosition (vector)[INFO.INFO-IR]Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR]Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition0103 physical sciencesOptical correlator0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processing[INFO.INFO-IR] Computer Science [cs]/Information Retrieval [cs.IR]Electrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrybusiness
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Near-field beam displacement at surface plasmon resonance

2011

International audience; A finite-size beam exciting a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) in a prism coupling configuration experiences an in-plane displacement that can be used for the characterization of plasmonic components by means of near-field optical microscopy. We first demonstrate experimentally the existence of this displacement by taking near-field images of finite-width metal strips. Next, the properties of this shift are analyzed in detail. We investigate the dynamic of the near-field shift for an incident Gaussian beam as a function of illumination conditions. For beams with a narrow spectrum, we propose a straightforward derivation showing that the displacement depends on the ave…

Physicsbusiness.industrySurface plasmonPhysics::OpticsCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSurface plasmon polaritonDisplacement (vector)Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials010309 opticsOptics0103 physical sciences[ SPI.NANO ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsSurface plasmon resonance[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics010306 general physicsbusinessPlasmonBeam (structure)Gaussian beamLocalized surface plasmon
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Dyakonov-like surface waves in the THz regime

2016

Abstract Here we examine Dyakonov-like surface waves (DSWs) in the THz regime traveling along the plane interface between a non-conducting isotropic medium and a low-loss graphene-based uniaxial metamaterial with the optic axis (OA) oriented along with the interface. New insights concerning the propagation characteristics of DSWs are given by analyzing the dispersion relation in such configuration, that is evaluated using the effective medium theory. The range of angles with respect to the OA which is determined for the in-plane wave vector can be conveniently tuned with extremely flexibility in opposition with DSWs excited in natural anisotropic media. The properties discussed here are of …

Physicsbusiness.industryTerahertz radiationIsotropyMetamaterial02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials010309 opticsOptical axisOpticsHardware and ArchitectureSurface waveDispersion relation0103 physical sciencesWave vectorElectrical and Electronic Engineering0210 nano-technologyAnisotropybusinessPhotonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications
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Finite amplitude method applied to giant dipole resonance in heavy rare-earth nuclei

2015

Background: The quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA), within the framework of the nuclear density functional theory (DFT), has been a standard tool to access the collective excitations of the atomic nuclei. Recently, finite amplitude method (FAM) has been developed, in order to perform the QRPA calculations efficiently without any truncation on the two-quasiparticle model space. Purpose: We discuss the nuclear giant dipole resonance (GDR) in heavy rare-earth isotopes, for which the conventional matrix diagonalization of the QRPA is numerically demanding. A role of the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn (TRK) sum rule enhancement factor, connected to the isovector effective mass, is also investig…

Physicsgiant dipole resonanceIsovectorta114Nuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences3. Good healthNuclear physicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)DipoleEffective mass (solid-state physics)0103 physical sciencesAtomic nucleusQuasiparticleheavy nucleiSum rule in quantum mechanics010306 general physicsRandom phase approximationNuclear ExperimentNuclear densityrare-earth elements
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Confronting the impact parameter dependent JIMWLK evolution with HERA data

2018

The small-$x$ evolution of protons is determined from numerical solutions of the JIMWLK equations, starting from an initial condition at moderate $x$ for a finite size proton. The resulting dipole amplitude is used to calculate the total reduced cross section $\sigma_r$ and charm reduced cross section $\sigma_{rc}$, as well as diffractive vector meson production. We compare results to experimental data from HERA and discuss fundamental problems arising from the regime sensitive to non-perturbative physics. We emphasize that information on the gluonic content of the proton, gluon spatial distributions and correlations over wide ranges in $x$, which can in principle be constrained by our stud…

Physicsparton densitiesParticle physicsprotonitta114protons010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear TheoryHERAhiukkasfysiikka7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesGluonColor-glass condensateHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology0103 physical sciencesContent (measure theory)Saturation (graph theory)High Energy Physics::ExperimentProduction (computer science)Vector mesonImpact parameter010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysical Review D
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Use of site symmetry in supercell models of defective crystals: Polarons in CeO2

2017

The authors thank R. Merkle and G. W. Watson for stimulating discussions. E. K. also acknowledges partial financial support from the Russian Science Foundation for the study of charged defects under the project 14-43-00052. A. C. also acknowledges financial support from the University of Latvia Foundation (Arnis Riekstins's "MikroTik" donation). E. K. and D. G. express their gratitude to the High Performance Computer Centre in Stuttgart (HLRS, project DEFTD 12939) for the provided computer facilities whereas R. A. E. thanks the St. Petersburg State University Computer Center for assistance in high-performance calculations.

PhysicspolaronCondensed matter physicssite symmetryGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyoxygen vacancy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolaron01 natural sciencesCrystallographic defectSymmetry (physics)Condensed Matter::Materials SciencePerfect crystalLinear combination of atomic orbitalsPosition (vector)Vacancy defect0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Wyckoff positionsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyfirst principles calculationsCeO2
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Sound attenuation and anharmonic damping in solids with correlated disorder

2010

We study via self-consistent Born approximation a model for sound waves in a disordered environment, in which the local fluctuations of the shear modulus G are spatially correlated with a certain correlation length The theory predicts an enhancement of the density of states over Debye's omega(2) law (boson peak) whose intensity increases for increasing correlation length, and whose frequency position is shifted downwards as lg. Moreover, the predicted disorder-induced sound attenuation coefficient r(k) obeys a universal scaling law F(k) = f (ke) for a given variance of G. Finally, the inclusion of the lowest-order contribution to the anharmonic sound damping into the theory allows us to rec…

Physicssound attenuation; anharmonic interactions; vibrational properties of disordered solids; boson peakPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physicsvibrational properties of disordered solidsAnharmonicity02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencessound attenuationlcsh:QC1-999boson peakAmorphous solidPosition (vector)0103 physical sciencesBoson peak010306 general physics0210 nano-technologylcsh:PhysicsAcoustic attenuationanharmonic interactionsCondensed Matter Physics
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Coulomb Fourier Transformation: Application to a Three-Body Hamiltonian with One Attractive Coulomb Interaction

2003

Consider a three-body system consisting of one neutral particle 1 and two charged particles characterized by the indices 2 and 3 with charges of opposite sign, i.e., e2e3 < 0. We use the following notation: (x ν , y ν ), v = 1, 2, 3, denotes the (mass-renormalized) coordinate vector within the pair ν, and between the center of mass of the pair ν and particle ν, respectively. The corresponding canonically coniugate momenta are (k ν , p ν ).

Physicssymbols.namesakeFourier transformQuantum mechanicsCoulomb wave functionCoulombsymbolsCoordinate vectorCoulomb barrierNeutral particleHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Charged particle
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