Search results for "Vicia faba"
showing 10 items of 40 documents
Development of new plant resources (genetic resources and ril populations) in [i]Vicia faba[/i] L. for genetic studies
2014
BAP GEAPSIBAPGEAPSI; absent
Mikrobioloģisko augu mēslošanas līdzekļu ietekme uz augsnes mikrobiotu un Vicia faba ražību
2018
Lauka pupa (Vicia faba) ir plaši audzēts kultūraugs, kuru izmanto pārtikā, lauksaimniecībā un lopkopībā. Ražas paaugstināšanai izmantoto mēslojumu sastāvs var ietekmēt ne tikai ražas apjomu, bet arī augsnes mikrobiotu. Šajā darbā aplūkots, kā mēslošanas līdzekļi ietekmē augsnes mikrobiotu, novērtējot mikroorganismu daudzuma izmaiņas, un lauka pupas ražību, novērtējot augšanu un iegūtās sēklas parametrus, piem., daudzumu, proteīna saturu. Iegūtie rezultāti uzrāda sēņu daudzuma augsnē atkarību no mēslošanas līdzekļiem. Savukārt uz baktēriju daudzumu nav novērojama būtiska mēslošanas līdzekļu ietekme. Mēslošanas līdzekļiem ir liela nozīme lauka pupas attīstībā un ražā, tomēr to ietekmē arī aug…
Tillage effects on yield and nitrogen fixation of legumes in Mediterranean conditions
2012
Published in Agron. J. 104:1459–1466 (2012) Posted online [DATE] doi:10.2134/agronj2012.0070 Copyright © 2012 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. I agricultural practices that involve the use of agrochemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides have greatly increased the global food supply but often with detrimental effects on the environment, such as contamination of ground…
Response to salinity stress of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae strains in the presence of different legume host plants
2011
We investigated the effect of residual salts from the previous summer’s irrigation on two non-irrigated cover crops—broad bean and common vetch—and on their rhizobial symbiontics. Before sowing, seeds were inoculated with a salt-tolerant strain and a salt-sensitive strain of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae. An increase in the electrical conductivity of the saturated-soil extract from 2.0 dS m−1 to 6.0 dS m−1 caused a severe reduction of broad bean biomass, while growth of common vetch was almost unaffected by the salinity level. Our results clearly indicate that common vetch as a cover crop may increase the availability of nitrogen in soil more than broad bean also in saline environme…
High‐resolution histographical mapping of glucose concentrations in developing cotyledons of Vicia faba in relation to mitotic activity and storage p…
1998
Summary Previous studies provided evidence that the carbohydrate status triggers developmental processes in the growing cotyledons ofVicia faba. We describe here the high-resolution mapping of glucose concentrations in tissue sections of developing faba bean cotyledons by quantitative bioluminescence and single-photon imaging. Patterns of local glucose distributions are compared with tissue cell type, mitotic index and the distribution pattern of starch. During cotyledon differentiation, gradients in the glucose concentration emerge which are related to the particular cell type. Higher concentrations are found in non-differentiated premature regions of the cotyledon whereas mature starch-ac…
Insect oviposition induces volatile emission in herbaceous plants that attracts egg parasitoid
2003
SUMMARYThe egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera:Scelionidae) responded to synomones emitted by leguminous plants induced by feeding and oviposition activity of the bug Nezara viridula (L.)(Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). This was shown by laboratory bioassays using a Y-tube olfactometer. Broad bean leaves (Vicia faba L.) damaged by feeding activity of N. viridula and on which host egg mass had been laid produced synomones that attracted T. basalis. By contrast,undamaged leaves or feeding-damaged leaves without eggs did not attract wasp females. French bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) also emitted attractive synomones when they were damaged by host feeding and carrying e…
Anatomiskās, morfoloģiskās un fizioloģiskās izmaiņas kukurūzai (Zea mays L.) un lauka pupām (Vicia faba) cinka ietekmē
2017
Piesārņojums ar smagajiem metāliem ir aktuāla pasaules mēroga problēma, kas galvenokārt saistīta ar metalurģijas un intensīvās lauksaimniecības attīstību un tās radītajām sekām. Pētījumu veica Latvijas Universitātes Bioloģijas fakultātes Augu Fizioloģijas katedrā laika posmā no 2015. gada oktobra līdz 2017. gada maijam. Šī darba mērķis bija izpētīt dažādu cinka koncentrāciju substrātā ietekmi uz augu morfoloģiskajām, anatomiskajām un fizioloģiskajām izmaiņām, kā modeļobjektus izmantojot lauka pupu (Vicia faba) un kukurūzu (Zea mays). Pētījumā atklājās, ka lauka pupās un kukurūzā hlorofila koncentrācija lapās variantos ar mazu cinka koncentrāciju palielinās, bet variantos ar lielu cinka konc…
Egg parasitoid attraction toward induced plant volatiles is disrupted by a non-host herbivore attacking above or belowground plant organs.
2014
Plants respond to insect oviposition by emission of oviposition-induced plant volatiles (OIPVs) which can recruit egg parasitoids of the attacking herbivore. To date, studies demonstrating egg parasitoid attraction to OIPVs have been carried out in tritrophic systems consisting of one species each of plant, herbivore host, and the associated egg parasitoid. Less attention has been given to plants experiencing multiple attacks by host and non-host herbivores that potentially could interfere with the recruitment of egg parasitoids as a result of modifications to the OIPV blend. Egg parasitoid attraction could also be influenced by the temporal dynamics of multiple infestations, when the same …
The management of crop-livestock systems at a territory level: the example of grain legume crops and of monogastric livestock in Burgundy, France
2012
Although cereals and oil seed crops are very developed in Burgundy, the area of grain legumes cultivation is small. Concerning monogastric livestock, the region is characterised by a medium size poultry production focussed on markets under quality and origin signs (SIQO) and a relatively small pig production. Although a tendency of co-location of these productions can be observed (at territory and farm scales) and some animals consume locally-produced proteins, there is no strong functional link between these crops and animal activities. This situation is confirmed by the fact that a significant proportion of produced grain legumes are exported by Burgundy, while large quantities of soybean…
Dual action of phosphonate herbicides in plants affected by herbivore—Model study on black bean aphid Aphis fabae rearing on broad bean Vicia faba pl…
2008
Abstract The interactions between plants, herbicides and herbivore insects were studied as an aspect of possible side effect of the using of phosphonate herbicides. The experimental system was composed of phosphonate herbicides, broad bean Vicia faba (L.) plants and black bean aphid Aphis fabae (Scopoli). Two means of herbicide application, namely standard spraying and direct introduction of the herbicide into stem via glass capillary, were examined. The results obtained for N-2-piridylaminomethylene bisphosphonic acid and its derivatives show 10 times higher inhibition of the plant growth if glass capillary mode was used. When plants were infested by aphids 24 h after the use of herbicide,…