Search results for "Vinyl Chloride"
showing 6 items of 36 documents
Anorganische verbindungen als lösungsmittel für polymere und monomere. Polymerisationen in phosphoroxychlorid und thionylchlorid
1966
Die Loslichkeit verschiedener Monomerer, Polymerer und Polymerisationskatalasatoren in anorganischen Verbindungen wurde untersucht. Chloride und Oxychloride des Phosphors und Schwefels zeigten gute Losungseigenschaften. Thionylchlorid und Phosphoroxychlorid wurden als Losungsmittel bei der kationischen Polymerisation von Styrol, Isobutylvinylather, 3,3-Bis-(chlormethyl)-oxetan, Tetrahydrofuran und Epichlorhydrin eingeaetzt. Als geeignete Katalysatoren erwiesen sich hierbei Aluminiumchlorid und Eisentrichlorid. In Phosphoroxychlorid konnten Acrylnitril und Vinylchlorid radikalisch polymerisiert werden. The solubility of a series of monomers, polymers, and initiators in inorganic compounds wa…
Alkylation of RNA by Vinyl Chloride and Vinyl Bromide Metabolites in Vivo: Effect on Protein Biosynthesis
1981
Alkylation of DNA is viewed as representing the initial critical step in carcinogenesis induced by chemical substances. Vinyl chloride and vinyl bromide, compounds with proven carcinogenic potency toward the liver, are biotransformed to reactive metabolites which covalently bind to DNA (see Bolt et al. 1980). Furthermore, extensive covalent binding of metabolites of both vinyl chloride (Laib and Bolt 1977, 1978) and vinyl bromide (Ottenwalder et al. 1979) occurs to RNA of liver when rats are exposed to both vinyl halides. Defined products of alkylation are 1,N6-ethenoadenosine (Laib and Bolt 1777; Ottenwalder et al. 1979) and 3,N4-ethenocytidine (Laib and Bolt 1978; Ottenwalder et al. 1979)…
Metabolic Activation and Pharmacokinetics in Hazard Assessment of Halogenated Ethylenes
1981
Halogenated ethylenes play an important role in occupational and environmental medicine. Several attempts at toxicological evaluation of such compounds have been recently published (Maltoni 1977; Lee et al. 1978; Gehring et al. 1979; Kappus and Ottenwalder 1980; Henschler et al. 1980; Bolt 1980). The principal question is that of possible carcinogenicity. It is now clear that vinyl chloride (Maltoni 1977) and vinyl bromide (Bolt et al. 1979) are carcinogenic; some data also argue in favor of carcinogenicity of vinylidene chloride (Lee et al. 1978). Trichloroethylene (Henschler et al. 1980) and perchloroethylene (Bolt and Link 1980), according to present data, appear devoid of cancerogenic p…
Plasticizer extraction of Taxol infusion solution from various infusion devices.
1996
Taxol solution extracts the plasticizer DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials. In order to minimize patient exposure to DEHP, Taxol solutions should be prepared and administered in PVC-free materials. Particulate matter may form in Taxol infusion solution over time, so that in-line filtration with microporous membranes not greater than 0.22 microns is advisable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of various administration- and in-line filter-sets for Taxol application. The extent of leached DEHP was determined using a Reversed Phase HPLC assay specific for DEHP. The four tested administration-sets, labeled as PVC-free, were all found…
Determination of metal concentrations in certified plastic reference materials after small-size autoclave and microwave-assisted digestion followed w…
2017
Abstract The digestion methods for the determination of As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Sb, Sn and Zn concentrations in plastic samples using microwave-assisted digestion (MW-AD) and small-size autoclave digestion was developed. The certified polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene certified reference materials were used in order to find digestion method working properly for several sample matrices. Efficiency of the digestion methods was evaluated by analyzing the residual carbon in digests by TOC analyzer. MW-AD using a mixture of 7 mL of HNO 3 and 3 mL of H 2 O 2 as a digestion solution resulted in excellent recoveries for As, Cd, Pb, Sb and Zn, and were in th…
Covalent Protein Binding of Vinyl Chloride Metabolites During Co-Incubation of Freshly Isolated Hepatocytes and Hepatic Sinusoidal Cells of Rats
1983
Proteins of isolated rat hepatic sinusoidal cells incubated with 14C-vinyl chloride, rat liver microsomes and an NADPH-regenerating system were alkylated by vinyl chloride metabolites formed by microsomes. This suggests that reactive vinyl chloride metabolites can penetrate sinusoidal cells. Protein alkylation in isolated hepatic sinusoidal cells was higher when these were co-incubated with isolated hepatocytes, indicating that reactive vinyl chloride metabolites formed by hepatocytes are stable enough to diffuse out of hepatocytes into sinusoidal cells. Glutathione added to the incubation medium inhibited the covalent protein binding of vinyl chloride metabolites in sinusoidal cells as wel…