Search results for "Virology"

Generation of a DNA microarray for determination of E6 natural variants of human papillomavirus type 16.

2003

Infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is necessary for the development of cervical cancer. However, the majority of the HPV infections are efficiently cleared by the immune system and only a minority persist and induce the development of malignant lesions. Several studies provided evidence that intratype genetic variations are implicated in determining the clinical outcome of HPV infections. In this study, we describe a DNA chip based on arrayed primer extension (APEX) for the analysis of the natural variants of HPV16, the most frequently detected type in cervical cancer world-wide. We show that HPV16 E6 variants are detected efficiently by APEX. In addition, APEX is …

Serological evidence for protection by human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6 infection against HPV type 16 cervical carcinogenesis

1999

Human papillomavirus (HPV) exists as more than 100 genotypes. It is not well-established whether the different HPV types interfere with infection or pathogenesis by each other. Possible interactions in cervical carcinogenesis between infection with the most common HPV types (6, 11, 16, 18 and 33) were studied in a seroepidemiological case- control study of 218 women with primary untreated cervical cancer and 219 healthy age-matched control women. As previously shown, HPV-16 seropositivity was associated with cervical cancer risk [odds ratio (OR), 2·39], but HPV-16 was not associated with cervical cancer risk among HPV-6 seropositive women (OR, 1·0). The relative excess risk due to interacti…

MUC1-Glycopeptidkonjugate mit T-Zellepitopen von Tetanus-Toxoid als vollsynthetische Antitumor-Vakzine mit Eigenverstärkungseffekt

2013

Lipid droplets and associated proteins in viral hepatitis

2019

Inorganic Nanoparticle as a Carrier for Hepatitis B Viral Capsids

2011

Virus like particles (VLP) are used to transport immune response-modulating agents to target cells to treat them. In order to deliver a high concentration of VLP to the cell, a number of VLP can be attached to a nanoparticle to be used as a nanolorry. In this study, SiO2 nanoparticles were attached to Hepatitis B VLP. Spectrophotometry measurements, electron, and fluorescent microscopy evidence showed that the SiO2 – Hepatitis B VLP complexes were formed.

Binding and activation of human and mouse complement by Cryptosporidium parvum (Apicomplexa) and susceptibility of C1q- and MBL-deficient mice to inf…

2008

Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan parasite (Apicomplexa) that causes gastrointestinal disease in animals and humans. Whereas immunocompetent hosts can limit the infection within 1 or 2 weeks, immunocompromised individuals develop a chronic, life-threatening disease. The importance of the adaptive cellular immune response, with CD4+ T-lymphocytes being the major players, has been clearly demonstrated. Several non-adaptive immune mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to the host defence, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) from NK cells, certain chemokines, beta-defensins and pro-inflammatory cytokines, but the influence of the complement systems has been less well studied. We ana…

Zidovudine (AZT) causes an oxidation of mitochondrial DNA in mouse liver

1999

Zidovudine (3′-azido-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine [AZT]) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus replication and delays progression of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. We have recently found that, in muscle, AZT causes oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and other signs of mitochondrial oxidative damage. The aim of this work was to test if AZT causes oxidative damage to liver mtDNA. In our study, an experimental mouse model was used in which mice were administered AZT (10 mg/kg body weight/d) in drinking water. Liver mtDNA of mice treated with AZT had 40% more of the oxidized, mutagenic nucleoside, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroxy-2′deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) than untreated controls. This oxidative…

Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

2020

Binding of Tat Protein to TAR Region of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Blocks TAR-Mediated Activation of (2′-5′)Oligoadenylate Synthetase

1990

The TAR sequence of the 5' leader of HIV-1 long terminal repeat-directed mRNA was found to be able to bind to and to activate double-stranded RNA-dependent (2'-5')A synthetase. Binding of TAR to the purified synthetase in vitro was abolished by addition of HIV-1 Tat protein, which binds to this sequence with a high affinity. Inhibition of TAR-mediated activation of (2'-5')A synthetase by Tat was prevented in the presence of the Zn2+ and Cd2+ chelators o-phenanthroline and penicillamine, which did not impair TAR-synthetase interaction. Transient expression assays of bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene in HeLa cells revealed that the levels of both CAT mRNA and CAT protein …

Processing of RNAs of the Family Avsunviroidae in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplasts

2007

ABSTRACT The family Avsunviroidae comprises four viroid species with the ability to form hammerhead ribozymes that mediate self-cleavage of the multimeric plus and minus strands resulting from replication in the chloroplast through a symmetric rolling-circle mechanism. Research on these RNAs is restricted by their host range, which is limited to the plants wherein they were initially identified and some closely related species. Here we report cleavage and ligation in transplastomic Chlamydomonas reinhardtii expressing plus- and minus-strand dimeric transcripts of representative members of the family Avsunviroidae . Despite the absence of viroid RNA-RNA transcription, the C. reinhardtii -bas…