Search results for "Vivo"
showing 10 items of 1905 documents
A Mechanistic Approach to theIn VivoAnti-Inflammatory Activity of Sesquiterpenoid Compounds Isolated fromInula viscosa
2001
The present study was designed to examine the anti-inflammatory activity of the sesquiterpenoids ilicic acid and inuviscolide, isolated from Inula viscosa, on cell degranulation, leukotriene biosynthesis, neurogenic drive and glucocorticoid-like interactions. Swiss female mice were used to measure the ear oedema induced by phorbol esters or ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP), and the paw oedema induced by phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) or serotonin. Drug treatment consisted of one topically-applied dose in the ear models and a subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection in the paw models. Quantitative analysis of leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) formation was performed on rat peritoneal neutrophils by high p…
In Vivo Studies on the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pachymic and Dehydrotumulosic Acids
2000
Pachymic and dehydrotumulosic acids were studied in different models of acute and chronic inflammation. They proved to be active in most of the methods applied. None of them were active against arachidonic acid-induced ear edema. Dehydrotumulosic acid significantly diminished the mouse ear edema induced by ethyl phenylpropiolate, while pachymic acid was ineffective. When the putative corticoid-like mechanism of both compounds was explored, pachymic acid activity was partially abolished by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist progesterone, but dehydrotumulosic acid activity was not affected. In vivo experiments demonstrated the inhibition by both principles of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-i…
Development and biological investigations of hypoxia-sensitive prodrugs of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib
2019
Despite the huge success of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as anticancer agents, severe side effects are a major problem. In order to overcome this drawback, the first hypoxia-activatable 2-nitroimidazole-based prodrugs of the clinically approved ALK and c-MET inhibitor crizotinib were developed. The 2-aminopyridine functionality of crizotinib (essential for target kinase binding) was considered as ideal position for prodrug derivatization. Consequently, two different prodrugs were synthesized with the nitroimidazole unit attached to crizotinib either via carbamoylation (A) or alkylation (B) of the 2-aminopyridine moiety. The successful prodrug design could be proven by docking studies and a dr…
Control Of Organ Transplant-Associated Graft-versus-Host Disease By Activated Host Lymphocyte Infusions
2004
Background Prolonged persistence of donor-derived T cells after organ transplantation has been proposed to improve long-term allograft survival. However, surviving transplant-derived T cells are also able to mediate devastating graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Currently, GvHD after organ transplantation is usually refractory to conventional therapy and the disease outcome fatal. Methods Graft-reactive host T cells were generated ex vivo from a patient suffering from a severe and refractory liver-transplant-associated GvHD. To control GvHD, activated alloreactive host T cells were repetitively retransferred into the patient (activated host lymphocyte infusion [aHLI]). Results Adoptive trans…
The L-glutamate transporters GLAST (EAAT1) and GLT-1 (EAAT2): expression and regulation in rat lactating mammary gland.
1999
The Na(+)-dependent L-glutamate transporters GLAST (EAAT1) and GLT-1 (EAAT2), were expressed in rat lactating mammary gland, but EAAC1 (EAAT3) was not. GLT-1 expression in rat lactating mammary gland was constant in all the physiological situations studied; however, the GLAST expression is under tight regulation. Fasting for 24 h decreased the GLAST expression which returned to control values after refeeding. Weaning for 24 h produced a decrease in GLAST expression through a mechanism independent of prolactin deficiency. Resuckling for 6 h returned the expression of this transporter to control values. There is a correlation between the levels of GLAST (mRNA and protein) and the in vivo upta…
Blocking Jak/STAT signalling using tofacitinib inhibits angiogenesis in experimental arthritis
2021
Abstract Objective During rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the angiogenic processes, occurring with pannus-formation, may be a therapeutic target. JAK/STAT-pathway may play a role and the aim of this work was to investigate the inhibiting role of a JAK-inhibitor, tofacitinib, on the angiogenic mechanisms occurring during RA. Methods After ethical approval, JAK-1, JAK-3, STAT-1, STAT-3 and VEGF expression was evaluated on RA-synovial-tissues. In vitro, endothelial cells (ECs), stimulated with 20 ng/ml of VEGF and/or 1 μM of tofacitinib, were assessed for tube formation, migration and proliferation, by Matrigel, Boyden chamber assay and ki67 gene-expression. In vivo, 32 mice received collagen (coll…
Liver transplantation as a primary indication for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a single-center experience.
2008
Abstract Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is not a widely accepted indication for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The present study describes our institutional experience with patients who underwent transplantation for ICC as well as those with ICC who underwent transplantation with the incorrect diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods Data corresponding to ICC patients were reviewed for the purposes of this study. Patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma and incidentally found ICC after OLT for benign diseases were excluded from further consideration. Results Among the 10 patients, 6 underwent transplantation before 1996 and 4 after 2001. Tho…
Effect of the stable prostacyclin analogue iloprost on water and electrolyte transfer of the rat ileum and colon in vivo.
1988
The effect of iloprost on water and ion transfer was measured simultaneously in tied-off loops of the rat ileum and colon in vivo. (1) In the ileal loops iloprost had no effect on water and ion transfer neither by intraluminal, nor intraaortal or intravenous application. (2) In the colonic loops only intraaortal bolus application of the high dose of 500 micrograms iloprost significantly decreased net water, sodium and chloride absorption, but did not induce net secretion. (3) Inhibition of endogenous prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin did not change net water and electrolyte transfer in the ileum and colon. (4) Under this pretreatment i.v.-application of 100 micrograms iloprost, ineffe…
Alteration of Esophageal Peristalsis by Pentagastrin in Patients with Diffuse Esophageal Spasm
1975
Although it has been shown that gastrin and gastric alkalinization affect the lower esophageal sphincter, in vivo studies have not demonstrated a measurable effect of pentagastrin on esophageal peristalsis. In 9 patients with diffuse esophageal spam and in 10 control subjects esophageal peristalsis was recorded before and after pentagastrin infections. Subcutaneous pentagastrin increased peak amplitude significantly more in patients, 31.2 +/- 8.1 mm Hg (mean +/- S.E.M.), than in controls, 12.1 +/- 5.1 mm Hg (P less than 0.02). Max. duration of contraction waves in patients showed a rise of 11.3 +/- 2.7 sec as compared to controls, 1.9 +/- 0.9 sec (P less than 0.01). The effect of pentagastr…
Employment pathways and work-related issues in head and neck cancer survivors
2014
Background In this exploratory study, employment and psychological factors were investigated in head and neck cancer survivors with survivorship of ≥2 years. Methods Fifty-five head and neck cancer survivors ≤60 years old completed a survey including subscales from the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) instrument, the Miller Behavioral Style Scale, the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Hornheider–Fragebogen short version (HFB) measuring the need for psychological interventions. Exploratory analyses of associations to the employment status were performed. Results The rate of employed patients dropped from three-fourths of …