Search results for "Vulnerability"

Vulnérabilité territoriale et résiliences: résistances et capacités adaptatives face aux aléas climatiques

2013

Namely inherited by its double "reactive" and "proactive" dimensioning, the multisacalar status of the resilience concept is illustrated here by the storm Xynthia, which occured in France on February 2010. Through designing this disaster as a structural traduction of townplanning dysfunction, resilience appears to formalize a paradigmatic change of natural risk treatment, namely applied to urban development strategies.

La désindustrialisation comme vecteur de vulnérabilité territoriale

2019

La désindustrialisation et les fermetures de sites de production industrielle sont principalement analysés par le biais des mutations des appareils productifs, ou par leurs effets sur les trajectoires individuelles des travailleur·se·s de l’industrie. Nous proposons dans cet article de questionner ces phénomènes en tant que facteur de vulnérabilité des populations et des territoires pris dans leur ensemble.En nous centrant sur la Picardie, qui fut l’une des régions les plus industrielles de France, nous chercherons à caractériser la désindustrialisation des espaces qui la compose en mobilisant des données issues de différentes sources. Nous mettrons ensuite ces indices de la désindustrialis…

Introduction. The territorial dimensions of vulnerabilities

2019

Recouvrant de très nombreuses dimensions, qu’elles soient sanitaires, démographiques, économiques, géographiques, politiques, psychologiques, philosophiques ou encore sociologiques, la vulnérabilité est devenue l’objet de très nombreuses recherches pluri et inter-disciplinaires à l’échelle internationale (Thomas, 2008). Dans une société moderne souvent considérée comme une « société du risque » (Beck, 2001), la vulnérabilité touche des individus ou des groupes sociaux soumis à un contexte ext...

Fragilité, vulnérabilité et ressorts de santé des personnes âgées

2022

National audience; A partir d’observations socio ethnographiques à domicile, cet article explore les conditions d’application des notions de fragilité, vulnérabilité et atouts / ressorts de santé au repérage, au suivi et à la prévention de la perte d’autonomie des personnes âgées. Relevant d’univers différents, ces trois notions offrent des cadres d’analyse et d’intervention complémentaires. La notion de fragilité, dans son acception gériatrique, appartient à l’univers de la maladie ; elle se présente comme une diminution plus ou moins étendue des réserves physiologiques qu’un individu mobilise face à un stress. Les atouts / ressorts de santé se situent d’emblée dans le domaine de la santé,…

Understanding Addiction Using Animal Models

2019

Drug addiction is a neuropsychiatric disorder with grave personal consequences that has an extraordinary global economic impact. Despite decades of research, the options available to treat addiction are often ineffective because our rudimentary understanding of drug-induced pathology in brain circuits and synaptic physiology inhibits the rational design of successful therapies. This understanding will arise first from animal models of addiction where experimentation at the level of circuits and molecular biology is possible. We will review the most common preclinical models of addictive behavior and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each. This includes non-contingent models in whi…

The Italian version of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ): psychometric properties and a contribution to validation on students, communit…

2017

The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Italian validation of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ), conceived as a measure of self-criticism and dependency, i.e. two personality factors acting, according to Blatt (2004), as risk factors for depression in particular and psychopathology in general. A series of standardized measures [Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), DEQ, Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, 3rd edition (MCMI-III)] was administered to three samples (i.e., students, community and clinical). Factorial validity was evaluated along with convergent and predictive validity. In order to evaluate the reliability…

Assessment of Coastal Vulnerability in South Sicily

2006

Decision-cache based XACML authorisation and anonymisation for XML documents

2012

Author's version of an article in the journal: Computer Standards and Interfaces. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2011.10.007 This paper describes a decision cache for the eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) that supports fine-grained authorisation and anonymisation of XML based messages and documents down to XML attribute and element level. The decision cache is implemented as an XACML obligation service, where a specification of the XML elements to be authorised and anonymised is sent to the Policy Enforcement Point (PEP) during initial authorisation. Further authorisation of individual XML elements according to the authorisation specifi…

Field-Based Health-Related Physical Fitness Tests in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021

Physical fitness (PF) is a multi-component construct and a biomarker of health. Worse PF is related to vulnerability and predicts worse academic achievements. Thus, assessing PF is important to monitor health in youth. This systematic review aimed to identify and inform physical education, health professionals and entities about existing PF batteries and field-tests that can be used in school settings. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in five electronic databases (Academic Search Complete, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) to identify PF battery protocols that can be carried out in the school setting. Overall, 24 PF batteries were i…

<p>A Country Pandemic Risk Exposure Measurement Model</p>

2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a Pandemic Risk Exposure Measurement (PREM) model to determine the factors that affect a country’s prospective vulnerability to a pandemic risk exposure also considering the current COVID-19 pandemic Methods: To develop the model, drew up an inventory of possible factor variables that might expose a country’s vulnerability to a pandemic such as COVID-19 This model was based on the analysis of existing literature and consultations with some experts and associa-tions To support the inventory of selected possible factor variables, we have conducted a survey with participants sampled from people working in a risk management environment carrying o…