Search results for "WATER"
showing 10 items of 9348 documents
In situ measurements of background aerosol and subvisible cirrus in the tropical tropopause region
2002
[1] In situ aerosol measurements were performed in the Indian Ocean Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) region during the Airborne Polar Experiment-Third European Stratospheric Experiment on Ozone (APE-THESEO) field campaign based in Mahe, Seychelles between 24 February and 6 March 1999. These are measurements of particle size distributions with a laser optical particle counter of the Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP)-300 type operated on the Russian M-55 high-altitude research aircraft Geophysica in the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere up to altitudes of 21 km. On 24 and 27 February 1999, ultrathin layers of cirrus clouds were penetrated by Geophysica directly…
Cosolutes affect structure and dynamics of myoglobin-trehalose amorphous systems: a FTIR and MD study
2013
Holocene Spatiotemporal Redox Variations in the Southern Baltic Sea
2021
Low oxygen conditions in the modern Baltic Sea are exacerbated by human activities; however, anoxic conditions also prevailed naturally over the Holocene. Few studies have characterized the specific paleoredox conditions (manganous, ferruginous, euxinic) and their frequency in southern Baltic sub-basins during these ancient events. Here, we apply a suite of isotope systems (Fe, Mo, S) and associated elemental proxies (e.g., Fe speciation, Mn) to specifically define water column redox regimes through the Baltic Holocene in a sill-proximal to sill-distal transect (Lille Belt, Bornholm Basin, Landsort Deep) using samples collected during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 347. At…
Parasite avoidance behaviours in aquatic environments
2018
Parasites, including macroparasites, protists, fungi, bacteria and viruses, can impose a heavy burden upon host animals. However, hosts are not without defences. One aspect of host defence, behavioural avoidance, has been studied in the terrestrial realm for over 50 years, but was first reported from the aquatic environment approximately 20 years ago. Evidence has mounted on the importance of parasite avoidance behaviours and it is increasingly apparent that there are core similarities in the function and benefit of this defence mechanism between terrestrial and aquatic systems. However, there are also stark differences driven by the unique biotic and abiotic characteristics of terrestrial …
Hybrid ionogels: adsorbent for the removal of pharmaceutical active compounds from wastewater
Supramolecular Organocatalysis in Water Mediated by Macrocyclic Compounds
2018
In the last decades many efforts have been devoted to design supramolecular organocatalysts able to work in water as the reaction medium. The use of water as solvent provides promising benefits with respect to environmental impact. In this context, macrocyclic compounds played a role of primary importance thanks to their ease of synthesis and their molecular recognition abilities toward the reactants. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the recent advances in the field of supramolecular organocatalysis in water, focusing the attention on calixarene and cyclodextrins derivatives. Calixarenes and cyclodextrins, thanks to their hydrophobic cavities, are able to host selectively th…
Engineered surface waves in hyperbolic metamaterials
2013
We analyzed surface-wave propagation that takes place at the boundary between a semi-infinite dielectric and a multilayered metamaterial, the latter with indefinite permittivity and cut normally to the layers. Known hyperbolization of the dispersion curve is discussed within distinct spectral regimes, including the role of the surrounding material. Hybridization of surface waves enable tighter confinement near the interface in comparison with pure-TM surface-plasmon polaritons. We demonstrate that the effective-medium approach deviates severely in practical implementations. By using the finite-element method, we predict the existence of long-range oblique surface waves. This research was fu…
Particle tracking in a gap of aquatic vegetation meadow
2009
Aquatic vegetation considerably affects the flow field in water bodies, with influence increasing as the depth decreases. As a consequence, vegetation also affects suspended particle transport. In inshore sandy beds less than 40 m deep of the Mediterranean Sea, meadows of Posidonia oceanica are widespread. This plant is constituted by a tuft of very thin and flexible ribbon-like leaves about 1 cm wide and up to 1.5 m long; the meadow areal density can reach 1000-1200 plant/m2. Frequently, such meadows are not continuous but vegetated areas alternate with sand strips (“gaps”). The presence of such discontinuities noticeably affects the flow field and gaps can actually act as particle traps. …
Stormwater Source Control as a Strategy for Sustainable Development: State of the Practice and Perceived Trends
2005
The primary objective of the paper is to draw upon the experiences acquired in many parts of the world to provide an up-to-date summary of the state of the practice for source control techniques and approaches, in a sustainable development context. After a discussion of the prevailing context for urban drainage approaches, three main themes covering techniques and design criteria, institutional aspects and performance issues are discussed relative to source control implementation. The discussion is based on findings from the compilation and analysis of available literature, recently developed databases, the experience of the different members of the SOCOMA group and recent research on desig…