Search results for "WAVELENGTH"

showing 10 items of 741 documents

Wavelength-compensated Fourier and Fresnel transformers: a unified approach

2007

We recognize that one can adapt any dispersion-compensated broadband optical Fourier transformer to achieve wavelength compensation in the Fresnel diffraction region just by inserting a diffractive lens at the input plane and vice versa. This unification procedure is employed in a second stage in the design of a novel hybrid (diffractive-refractive) optical setup that provides, in a sequential way, nearly wavelength-independent Fresnel diffraction patterns in the irradiance of the object transmittance.

DiffractionPhysicsFresnel zonebusiness.industryFourier opticsPhysics::OpticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakeWavelengthOpticsFourier transformsymbolsFresnel numberArago spotbusinessFresnel diffractionOptics Letters
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Backward transition radiation in the extreme ultraviolet region as a tool for the transverse beam profile diagnostic

2014

The present article summarizes the results of two experiments which were performed to study the radiation properties of backward transition radiation (BTR) in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region. This wavelength region is of particular interest for transverse beam profile imaging, because the spatial resolution is improved as a result of the reduced contribution in the imaging process of the fundamental diffraction limit. In addition, the influence of coherent effects in the transition radiation emission process, which have been observed in the visible region, might be mitigated. The first experiment, dedicated to the investigation of the BTR angular characteristics, indicates that the rad…

DiffractionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryExtreme ultraviolet lithographySurfaces and InterfacesRadiationRadiation propertiesWavelengthOpticsTransition radiationExtreme ultravioletlcsh:QC770-798ddc:530lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivitybusinessBeam (structure)Physical Review Special Topics. Accelerators and Beams
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Diffraction-managed superlensing using metallodielectric heterostructures

2012

We show that subwavelength diffracted wave fields may be managed inside multilayered plasmonic devices to achieve ultra-resolving lensing. For that purpose we first transform both homogeneous waves and a broad band of evanescent waves into propagating Bloch modes by means of a metal/dielectric (MD) superlattice. Beam spreading is subsequently compensated by means of negative refraction in a plasmon-induced anisotropic effective-medium that is cemented behind. A precise design of the superlens doublet may lead to nearly aberration-free images with subwavelength resolution in spite of using optical paths longer than a wavelength. This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and…

DiffractionPhysicsSuperlensbusiness.industrySuperlatticePhysics::OpticsHeterojunctionDielectricImagingWavelengthPlasmonic devicesOpticsNegative refractionSuper-resolutionOptoelectronicsbusinessPlasmonÓptica
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Highly angular resolving beam separator based on total internal reflection

2019

We present an optical element for the separation of superimposed beams that only differ in angle. The beams are angularly resolved and separated by total internal reflection at an air gap between two prisms. As a showcase application, we demonstrate the separation of superimposed beams of different diffraction orders directly behind acousto-optic modulators for an operating wavelength of 800 nm. The wavelength as well as the component size can easily be adapted to meet the requirements of a wide variety of applications. The presented optical element allows one to reduce the lengths of beam paths and thus to decrease laser system size and complexity.

DiffractionTotal internal reflectionMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionWavelengthOpticslawElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAir gap (plumbing)businessEngineering (miscellaneous)Beam (structure)Physics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Diffraction-free beams in thin films

2009

The propagation and transmission of Bessel beams through nano-layered structures has been discussed recently. Within this framework we recognize the formation of unguided diffraction-free waves with the spot size approaching and occasionally surpassing the limit of a wavelength when a Bessel beam of any order n is launched onto a thin material slab with grazing incidence. On the basis of the plane-wave representation of cylindrical waves, a simple model is introduced providing an exact description of the transverse pattern of this type of diffraction-suppressed localized wave. Potential applications in surface science are put forward for consideration. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MI…

DiffractionWave propagationPhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Classical PhysicsBesselsymbols.namesakeOpticsLight beamÓpticaPhysicsbusiness.industryBeamsClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)Physical opticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthsymbolsBessel beamComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionbusinessOptical vortexBessel functionDiffraction-freePhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Diode-pumped self-Q-switched erbium-doped all-fibre laser

2004

A diode-pumped self-Q-switched erbium-doped fibre laser is developed and studied. The laser has an all-fibre configuration containing a piece of an active heavily erbium-doped fibre and two fibre Bragg grating mirrors and does not require any additional intracavity elements to obtain short pulses. Analysis of the laser operation suggests that the most probable mechanism of passive Q-switching of the laser cavity is absorption from the excited state of erbium resulting in the thermally induced nonlinear change in the refractive index in the erbium-doped fibre.

Distributed feedback laserMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionVertical-cavity surface-emitting laserX-ray laserSubwavelength-diameter optical fibreOpticsFiber Bragg gratinglawFiber laserPhysics::Atomic PhysicsLaser power scalingElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessQuantum Electronics
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On saturation and related parameters following Guth's ATD colour-vision model

2001

In this work, we have examined the influence of different parameters both on perceived saturation and saturation discrimination with unrelated colours, on the basis of S. L. Guth's CA90 colour-vision model and its subsequent modifications. Our analysis of perceived saturation covered (1) spectral saturation functions at constant luminance, (2) saturation functions in constant colorimetric purity loci, (3) saturation vs. colorimetric purity functions, (4) saturation vs. luminance functions in the 1–1000 td range, and, finally, (5) the equal saturation loci in the xy color diagram. Regarding saturation discrimination, we focused on (1) saturation thresholds from white and from the locus, (2) …

Dominant wavelengthbusiness.industrySaturation (genetic)General Chemical EngineeringColour VisionAdaptation levelHuman Factors and ErgonomicsGeneral ChemistryLuminanceWavelengthOpticsStatistical physicsPsychologybusinessJust noticeableColor Research & Application
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Reduction of red-green discrimination by dopamine D1 receptor antagonists and retinal dopamine depletion

1996

AbstractReduction of wavelength discrimination ability in the 560–640 nm range, but not in the 404–540 nm range, has been demonstrated in goldfish after intravitreal injection of D1-dopamine receptor antagonists. Intravitreal injection of the dopaminergic neurotoxin 6-OH-dopamine severely reduced wavelength discrimination ability in the 540–661 nm range within 3 days. Discrimination ability could be reconstituted by the Dl-agonist SKF 38393. Animals recovered from injection of 6-OH-dopamine within 14–16 days. No change of wavelength discrimination was induced by 6-OH-dopamine in the 461–540 nm range. We conclude that under photopic conditions dopamine modulates retinal mechanisms involved i…

DopamineWavelength discriminationRetinaHydroxydopamineschemistry.chemical_compoundDiscrimination PsychologicalDopamine receptor D1OpticsDopamineGoldfishmedicineAnimalsNeurotoxinDopamine receptorsNeurotransmitterRetinabusiness.industryReceptors Dopamine D1DopaminergicRetinalSensory SystemsOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryDopamine receptorDopamine AgonistsBiophysicssense organsbusinessColor Perceptionmedicine.drugVision Research
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Hiding in plain sight: observing planet-starspot crossings with the James Webb Space Telescope

2021

Transiting exoplanets orbiting active stars frequently occult starspots and faculae on the visible stellar disc. Such occultations are often rejected from spectrophotometric transits, as it is assumed they do not contain relevant information for the study of exoplanet atmopsheres. However, they can provide useful constraints to retrieve the temperature of active features and their effect on transmission spectra. We analyse the capabilities of the James Webb Space Telescope in the determination of the spectra of occulted starspots, despite its lack of optical wavelength instruments on board. Focusing on K and M spectral types, we simulate starspots with different temperatures and in differen…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)PhysicsJames Webb Space TelescopeStarspotAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsStellar classificationExoplanetStarsWavelengthAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencePlanetAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsPrismAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
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Exploring Super-Earth Surfaces: Albedo of Near-Airless Magma Ocean Planets and Topography

2021

In this paper we propose an analytic function for the spherical albedo values of airless and near-airless magma ocean planets (AMOPs). We generated 2-D fractal surfaces with varying compositions onto which we individually threw 10,000 light rays. Using an approximate form of the Fresnel equations we measured how much of the incident light was reflected. Having repeated this algorithm on varying surface roughnesses we find the spherical albedo as a function of the Hurst exponent, the geochemical composition of the magma, and the wavelength. As a proof of concept, we used our model on Kepler-10b to demonstrate the applicability of our approach. We present the spherical albedo values produced …

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)Super-Earth010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsGeophysicsAlbedo01 natural sciencesRayExoplanetWavelengthSpace and Planetary SciencePlanet0103 physical sciencesMagmaTerrestrial planet010303 astronomy & astrophysicsGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesAstrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
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