Search results for "WEA"
showing 10 items of 2526 documents
Desaturase activities are depleted before and after weaning in liver microsomes of spontaneously hypertensive rats
2002
Abstract In the present study, we have investigated the microsomal linoleic acid desaturation steps into arachidonic acid in 10- and 30-day-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), as compared to their normotensive control rats, Wistar Kyoto (WKY). Suckled by adoptive Wistar normotensive female, the SHR and WKY were fed the same diet. Our results show lower Δ6 and Δ5 desaturase activities (the limiting steps in the bioconversion of linoleic acid into arachidonic acid) in the young SHR, as compared to the WKY normotensive rats. The fatty acid composition of liver microsomal total lipids evidences a higher proportion of linoleic acid in SHR than in WKY, in agreement with the partially deple…
Postnatal overfeeding in rats leads to moderate overweight and to cardiometabolic and oxidative alterations in adulthood.
2011
In contrast to the masses of data on obesity, few data are available concerning the cardiometabolic and oxidative consequences of moderate overweight. The model of postnatal overfeeding (OF) induces an increase in body weight at weaning that remains during adult life. Litters of Wistar rats were either maintained at 12 pups (normal-fed group, NF), or reduced to 3 pups at birth in order to induce OF. At 6 months of age, metabolic parameters, circulating oxidative stress and aortic and coronary vasoreactivity were assessed. Cardiac susceptibility to ischemia-reperfusion injury was also evaluated ex vivo as were markers of cardiac remodeling. OF led to an increase in body weight at weaning (+5…
Transgenerational effects on intestinal inflammation status in mice perinatally exposed to bisphenol S
2020
International audience; Increasing evidence has highlighted the critical role of early life environment in shaping the future health outcomes of individuals in subsequent generations. Bisphenol S (BPS) has been widely used as a substitute for various plastic materials due to the limited application of Bisphenol A (BPA) which is an endocrine disruptor. However, the lack of efficient evaluation of BPS leaves doubts about the relevant substitute of BPA. Few studies of transgenerational inheritance have examined the effects of environmental exposures to endocrine disruptors on the immune system. In this study, we analyzed the transgenerational effects of BPS on intestinal inflammation and its c…
Incorporation and metabolism of dietary trans isomers of linolenic acid alter the fatty acid profile of rat tissues
2000
To study the influence on lipid metabolism and platelet aggregation of the fatty acid isomerization that occurs during heat treatment, weanling rats were fed for 8 wk a diet enriched with 5% isomerized (experimental group) or normal (control group) canola oil. Geometrical isomers of alpha-linolenic acid representing 0.2 g/100 g of the experimental diet were incorporated into liver, platelets, aorta and heart, at the expense of their cis homologue and of 18:2(n-6). The major isomer, 9c,12c,15t-18:3, was also metabolized to 5c,8c,11c,14c,17t-20:5 and to an unknown compound, found in liver, platelets and aorta, which has been identified tentatively as 7c, 10c,13c,16c,19t-22:5. The greater 20:4…
Wave propagation in 1D elastic solids in presence of long-range central interactions
2011
Abstract In this paper wave propagation in non-local elastic solids is examined in the framework of the mechanically based non-local elasticity theory established by the author in previous papers. It is shown that such a model coincides with the well-known Kroner–Eringen integral model of non-local elasticity in unbounded domains. The appeal of the proposed model is that the mechanical boundary conditions may easily be imposed because the applied pressure at the boundaries of the solid must be equilibrated by the Cauchy stress. In fact, the long-range forces between different volume elements are modelled, in the body domain, as central body forces applied to the interacting elements. It is …
Driven Bose-Hubbard Model with a Parametrically Modulated Harmonic Trap
2016
We investigate a one-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model in a parametrically driven global harmonic trap. The delicate interplay of both the local interaction of the atoms in the lattice and the driving of the global trap allows us to control the dynamical stability of the trapped quantum many-body state. The impact of the atomic interaction on the dynamical stability of the driven quantum many-body state is revealed in the regime of weak interaction by analyzing a discretized Gross–Pitaevskii equation within a Gaussian variational ansatz, yielding a Mathieu equation for the condensate width. The parametric resonance condition is shown to be modified by the atom interaction strength. In particul…
Bounded and unbounded solutions for a class of quasi-linear elliptic problems with a quadratic gradient term
2001
Abstract Our aim in this article is to study the following nonlinear elliptic Dirichlet problem: − div [a(x,u)·∇u]+b(x,u,∇u)=f, in Ω; u=0, on ∂Ω; where Ω is a bounded open subset of RN, with N>2, f∈L m (Ω) . Under wide conditions on functions a and b, we prove that there exists a type of solution for this problem; this is a bounded weak solution for m>N/2, and an unbounded entropy solution for N/2>m⩾2N/(N+2). Moreover, we show when this entropy solution is a weak one and when can be taken as test function in the weak formulation. We also study the summability of the solutions.
Neuroergonomic Assessment of Hot Beverage Preparation and Consumption: An EEG and EDA Study.
2020
Neuroergonomics is an emerging field that investigates the human brain in relation to behavioral performance in natural environments and everyday settings. This study investigated the body and brain activity correlates of a typical daily activity, hot beverage preparation, and consumption in a realistic office environment where participants performed natural daily tasks. Using wearable, battery operated and wireless Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Electrodermal activity (EDA) sensors, neural and physiological responses were measured in untethered, freely moving participants who prepared hot beverages using two different machines (a market leader and follower as determined by annual US sales)…
Transmission patterns in the production of Bronze Age solid- hilted swords
2023
Bronze Age swords with a bronze hilt were a highly specialised production. Casting hilts and blades and fixing them to each other require lots of precision and very specific skills. We hardly know anything about the production organisation as moulds are extremely rare, preventing us from locating workshops. However, studying swords themselves using X-ray imaging techniques allows us to reconstruct a part of the chaîne opératoire and gain insight into some aspects of the production processes. We identify three periods in the production of solid-hilted swords at the European scale:1. Experimental phase (1800-1450 BC): small-scaled productions by multiple workshops experimenting various ways o…
L’épée, arme et symbole. Le point de vue technique sur les fonctions des épées à poignée métallique de l’âge du Bronze
2018
The sword, which was invented during Bronze Age, is certainly the ultimate weapon, associated to war and warriors, designed to fight during combats. However, because of its technical complexity, its ostentatious aspect, especially when it is equipped with a bronze hilt, or its strong individualization for example through ornaments, swords can also be considered as symbols. This symbol can be connected to an individual, a social position, a community or to another concept we cannot precisely understand. Of course, material and immaterial aspects do not always exclude each other, and a single object can be used for both. However, a first inspection of these weapons shows that some of them cou…