Search results for "WOOD"
showing 10 items of 818 documents
Fossil wood in Middle–Upper Jurassic marine sedimentary cycles of France: relations with climate, sea-level dynamics, and carbonate-platform environm…
1998
Abstract Vegetation, climate, and sea-level oscillations interact in complex ways. Intuition suggests that climatic variations are recorded in geological deposits by both fossil phytoclasts and sediments. Therefore investigation of palaeobotanical remains within a precise sedimentological framework may help to decipher this much-debated interaction. A database of 129 Jurassic (Bathonian–Oxfordian) fossil wood samples from France is used here as a case study. The palaeoenvironment (freshwater swamp, carbonate lagoon, shoreface, argillaceous offshore) and the second-order relative sea-level phases were determined for each datum. There is no correlation between the wood genera distribution and…
In vitro impact preliminary assessment of airborne particulate from metalworking and woodworking industries.
2020
Abstract BackgroundInhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants. To evaluate the safety and assess the risks of occupational hazards different testing approaches are used. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate mode of action of pollutants. ResultsGilian 3500 pumps equipped with Standard Midget Impingers were used to collect the airborne particulate from woodworking and metalworking environments. EpiAirway™ tissues were used to model half working day (4 h), full working day (8 h), and 3 working day exposures to occupational pollutants. Tissue viability was assessed using MTT a…
Woodland key habitats in northern Europe: concepts, inventory and protection
2010
Abstract The woodland key habitat (WKH) concept has become an essential instrument in biodiversity-orientated forest management in northern Europe. The philosophy behind the concept is basically the same in all of the countries: to conserve the biodiversity of production landscapes by preserving small habitat patches that are supposed to be particularly valuable. This article reviews the definitions, inventories and implementation processes of WKHs in Sweden, Finland, Norway, Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania. Sweden and the Baltic countries have similar WKH models, while the models in Finland and Norway are clearly deviating. Depending on the country, the definitions emphasize different factor…
A Multivariate Approach to Study the Bacterial Diversity Associated to the Wooden Shelves Used for Aging Traditional Sicilian Cheeses.
2022
The present study was carried to correlate the microbial diversity of the biofilms developed on the wooden boards used for aging traditional Sicilian cheeses with cheese typology. To this end, the microbial diversity of the shelves in contact with the cheeses PDO Pecorino Siciliano, PDO Piacentinu Ennese, and TAP Caciocavallo Palermitano, during ripening, was evaluated by a multivariate statistical approach. The shelf biofilms of this study were previously analyzed for their microbial composition, but no correlation between biodiversity and cheese type was investigated. Canonical discriminant analysis confirmed a cheese typology effect on the microbial loads of the wooden shelves investigat…
Sorption behavior of volatile phenols at the oak wood/wine interface in a model system.
2006
The sorption in a model system of aroma compounds of enological interest (mixture of the eight derivatives from guaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, and whiskylactone) onto wood was investigated to assess the influence of wood on the concentration of these volatiles during the aging of wine. To evaluate the influence of the solubility of aroma compounds in sorption phenomena, this parameter was determined for each volatile compound in model wine at 10 and 25 degrees C. The solubility is significantly higher in the model wine than in water and remains constant in the range of temperatures studied, except for guaiacol and vanillin. Kinetic and equilibrium sorptions were investigated. Sorption kinetics sh…
3D spectral imaging with synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography
2013
We report Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography, a nondestructive three-dimensional imaging approach that reveals the distribution of distinctive chemical compositions throughout an intact biological or materials sample. The method combines mid-infrared absorption contrast with computed tomographic data acquisition and reconstruction to enhance chemical and morphological localization by determining a complete infrared spectrum for every voxel (millions of spectra determined per sample).
Conservation Work on an Ancient Sicilian Processional Banner: Preliminary Analyses and in Situ Restoration
2013
Abstract Before carrying out the conservation work on the gilded wooden frame of the processional banner coming from Tusa, Sicily, some preliminary diagnostic analyses were conducted in order to identify materials that made up the wooden frame. After a micro-sampling phase, a thin section of the wooden support allowed to identify the timber as linden wood (basswood). The X-Ray Fluorescence analysis confirmed the presence of a thin layer of primer made of plaster and animal glue covered with a red bolus primer, used for the gilding process. The restoration was carried out during the opening hours of the museum, allowing visitors to be informed on the restoration phases.
More insight into characterization of the waterlogged wooden part of Acqualadroni Roman Rostrum by solid-state NMR
2016
Abstract Solid-state NMR spectroscopy was applied to characterize the wooden part of a roman Rostrum recovered in the Tyrrhenian Sea in the Acqualadroni area (Messina, Italy). The Acqualadroni Rostrum has been, in the recent past, investigated to establish its provenance and conservation. In this paper, solid-state NMR was used to obtain information on the conservation state of the wood as a preliminary step for the conservation process. A wooden sample of this artifact, collected by coring, was divided in four parts in order to correlate the conservation state to the depth. Results were compared with those obtained for a modern wood of the same species. A structural study was performed by …
Jacopo Salemi: un modello ligneo per il monastero di San Nicolò l'Arena a Catania
2014
Jacopo Salemi, architetto e scultore proveniente dalla città di Castrogiovanni, il giorno 8 novembre 1563 a Catania, sottoscrive un contratto con la congregazione dei monaci benedettini per la costruzione di un modello in legno della chiesa San Nicolò l’Arena che si stava costruendo dal 1558 sul confine ovest della città. Il documento che regola l’incarico tra Salemi e i benedettini è datato 24 febbraio 1564 ed è custodito presso l’Archivio di Stato di Catania; tale documento rivela che il modello realizzato da Salemi sarebbe stato valutato da due esperti incaricati provenienti dalla città di Messina. Le ragioni di una tale commissione potrebbe essere stata connessa alla necessità di verifi…
Multi-technical approach for the characterization of polychrome decorative surfaces at Spanish Mission Churches in Nueva Vizcaya (Chihuahua, Mexico)
2020
An interdisciplinary and multi-institutional group of science and art conservation specialists has provided new insight into the painting materials used in the polychrome walls and wooden ceilings in four seventeenth century Spanish colonial churches of Nueva Vizcaya (Chihuahua, Mexico). A multi-analytical study of the decorative surfaces was performed in situ using spectroscopic approaches (XRF, FORS), False Colour Infrared Reflectography – IRFC, as well as micro sampling for ATR-FTIR, LM and GC/MS laboratory analyses. A survey of natural resources were also studied by ATR-FTIR and LM to elucidate the natural occurrence of a select number of materials found in the surrounding areas of the …