Search results for "Waste"

UCT-MBR vs IFAS-UCT-MBR for Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Comparison Including N2O Emission

2017

In this study the performance (in terms of carbon and nutrient removal) and N2O emission of two plant configurations adopting innovative technologies were investigated. With this regards, an University Cape Town (UCT) membrane bioreactor (MBR) plant and an Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) -UCT-MBR plant were monitored. Both plants treat real wastewater under two different values of the influent carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N = 5 mgCOD/mgN and C/N = 10 mgCOD/mgN). Results have shown the highest carbon and nutrients removal efficiencies for the IFAS-UCT-MBR configuration during both the two investigated C/N values. Furthermore, the lowest N2O emission occurred for the IFAS-UCT-MBR.

Evaluation of potential biogas production in Sicily

2012

The aim of the present work is to predict the Sicilian potential biogas production, using the below unmarketable raw materials. The statistical data about OFMSW, the number of animals bred on medium and large farms and the amounts of by-products of food processing industries have been evaluated, in order to compute the potential biogas production and energy in the nine provinces of Sicily. In Sicily (Italy) 5.05 million inhabitants (2012), living in nine provinces, could produce 0.8 million tons of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) per year. At present only 0.07 million tons (3.17 % ca. of MSW) are actually treated (2010). This fraction would be one of the raw materials …

Assessment of the mobility of selected elements in bioleached mining waste from Zloty Stok (Poland)

2017

Different bioleaching processes were applied to mining wastes deposited in the highly polluted post-industrial region - Lower Silesia in Poland. The chemical characterization of the wastes before and after bioleaching processes was performed. The characterisation was based on the distribution of selected elements (Fe, Mn, As, Co, Cr, Cu and Ni) between operationally-defined phases. The phases were defined using a six-step extraction procedure optimised according to the properties of the studied mining wastes. The fractionation and total content of elements in wastes before and after various bioleaching treatments were studied using ICP MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry)and FA…

Retene, pyrene and phenanthrene cause distinct molecular-level changes in the cardiac tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae, part 1 – …

2020

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contaminants of concern that impact every sphere of the environment. Despite several decades of research, their mechanisms of toxicity are still poorly understood. This study explores the mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of the three widespread model PAHs retene, pyrene and phenanthrene in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) early life stages. Newly hatched larvae were exposed to each individual compound at sublethal doses causing no significant increase in the prevalence of deformities. Changes in the cardiac transcriptome were assessed after 1, 3, 7 and 14 days of exposure using custom Salmo salar microarrays. The highest number of differentiall…

Surface Modified Arundo Donax Natural Fibers for Oil Spill Recovery

2021

The use of green materials for oil recovery applications is the goal to be achieved to reduce the environmental impact of these essential processes. In this context, Arundo Donax L. is a plant known for its wide uses whose absorbent properties have been previously investigated. In this paper, the influence of silane surface treatment on the absorbent behavior of natural fibers extracted from the culms of this eco-friendly and cost-effective material was assessed. A close correspondence has been identified between the physical characteristics of the investigated oil and the fiber size, by means of microstructural and morphological analysis. Excellent results have been achieved with an absorp…

Biosorption of lead(II), zinc(II) and nickel(II) from industrial wastewater by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Bacillus subtilis

2015

Abstract The biosorption of Pb(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) from industrial wastewater using Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Bacillus subtilis was investigated under various experimental conditions regarding pH, metal concentration and contact time. The optimum pH values for the biosorption of the three metals were in the range 5.0-6.0, while the optimal contact time for the two bacterial species was 30 min. Experimental data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms; the former had a better fit for the biosorption of Pb(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II). The maximum adsorption uptakes (qmax) of the three metals calculated from the Langmuir biosorption equation for S. maltophilia were 133.3, 47.…

Effect of substituted phenols on transaminase activity in the fish,Leuciscus idus melanotus L.

1986

Radon levels in the Valencian community (Spain). I. Results in the province of Valencia (1990–1991)

1995

Abstract Two-day radon screening measurements with charcoal canisters were made in buildings in the province of Valencia throughout the years 1990 and 1991. An average indoor concentration of 34 Bq m −3 was found, and 9% of all measurements exceeded the recommended EPA limit of 148 Bq m −3 .

Spoilage of oat bran by sporogenic microorganisms revived from soil buried 4000 years ago in Iranian archaeological site

2015

Abstract The Bronze Age archaeological site of Shahr-i Sokhta (30° 39′ N; 61° 24’ E), located today in southeastern Iran, Sistan region, is a special archaeological deposit in which the exceptional preservation of human, plant and animal remains, due to the dry climate of the region, can provide detailed information on one of the first complex proto-urban societies. In recent years, there has been growing interest in changes in local climate and environment as major reasons why the settlement was abandoned about 4000 years ago. Food shortage has been regarded as a direct effect of these changes. No attention has been paid to the potential health hazards associated with ancient urban/domesti…

Bacterial Bioconversion of Primary Aliphatic and Aromatic Alcohols into Acids: Effects of Molecular Structure and Physico-chemical Conditions

1997

The biotransformation of four alcohol substrates (butanol, 2-methylbutanol, 3-methylbutanol and 2-phenylethanol) into their acids was studied using a strain of Acetobacter aceti. Bioconversion yields depended on the molecular structure of the alcohol. Biotransformation of high concentrations of alcohols was possible until the precursor reached an inhibiting concentration (3.8 g dm -3 for butanol and 3-methylbutanol, 4.2 g dm -3 for 2-methylbutanol). In contrast, biotransformation of 2-phenylethanol decreased when alcohol concentration was higher than 0.3 g dm -3 . Dissolved oxygen concentrations and pH conditions of the medium were important factors in improving bioconversion. Transformatio…