Search results for "Waste"
showing 10 items of 2580 documents
Applicability of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) bark extract as a precursor of rigid carbon foam and activated carbon
2023
Hybrid aspens have long attracted scientific interest, but the research on their use as feedstocks for chemical applications are still very limited. The bark biomass of the poplar species contains many valuable extractives that can be utilized as value-added products. This paper examines the applicability of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx.) bark extract as a precursor of rigid carbon foam and activated carbon. To explore this, the study considers 1) the basic chemical composition of the bark in terms of added value potential, 2) the basic chemical composition of the bark extract and the effect of its pretreatment on the extract composition, 3) the production of rigi…
Environmental remediation using nanomaterial as adsorbents for emerging micropollutants
2023
Water shortage and scarcity are issues of global concern. Water pollution caused by organic micropollutants further aggravates the problem, by rendering an already scarce resource unfit for human consumption. The existing conventional wastewater treatment methods and infrastructure were not designed to eliminate micropollutants. Therefore, their inefficiencies call for modern methods for removing emerging micropollutant residues such as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs), personal care products and pesticides. The use of nanomaterials, for the abatement of micropollutants in water is gaining traction in recent years, due to the abundance of susta…
Modelling the removal and reversible immobilization of murine noroviruses in a Phaeozem under various contamination and rinsing conditions
2018
International audience; Enteric viruses entering the soil with contaminated irrigation water can reach groundwater or be internalized in plants through their roots without being inactivated. Their fate in the soil depends on the virus, the soil and the soil solution. In order to write a mathematical model suitable for a Calcaric Phaeozem, we investigated the removal of murine norovirus and reversible immobilization in aggregate columns according to a saturation procedure, conditions between contamination and rinsing time, temperature and soil solution. Viruses were quantified before and after 0.45‐μm filtration with an RT‐qPCR (real‐time polymerase chain reaction). Experimental results supp…
Physico-Chemical Properties and Use of Waste Biomass-Derived Activated Carbons
2017
Physico-Chemical Properties and Use of Waste Biomass-Derived Activated Carbons
2017
Activated carbons are widely used in different industrial processes for example as adsorbents or as support materials. Advantageously these carbons can be prepared from residual or waste biomass materials. Different raw material type and activation procedure plays an important role in the physico-chemical characteristics of activated carbon e.g. surface area, porosity and pore distribution. In this study, activated carbon has been prepared from lignocellulosic waste materials (e.g. saw dust, lignin residue) and characterized by a number of methods. Further, adsorption properties of carbons were evaluated. Adsorption capacity of dyes and metals was high (methylene blue dye 86 % and zinc meta…
Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal sludge in subcritical water
2021
In the last decades, the dwindling of the fossil sources of energy coupled with the growth of energy demand and of waste production prompted the research in developing novel industrial technologies for renewable energy production and waste valorization. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a good alternative to transform wet biomasses as microalgae, macroalgae, agricultural residues, food waste, and municipal sludge (MS) into value-added products with high efficiency and decreasing the amounts that has to be disposed of. HTL takes place in an aqueous environment, without the energy cost of drying the biomass, at 300-400°C and pressure of 10-40 MPa [1,2]. At these operative conditions, an inte…
Hałdy poprzemysłowe - ich kulturowy i turystyczny potencjał (na przykładzie wybranych obiektów w województwie śląskim)
2018
Hałdy należą do antropogenicznych form ukształtowanych przez człowieka, kojarzone są przede wszystkim z degradacją środowiska przyrodniczego. Materiał na nich składowany (skały, żużel, popiół) związany jest głównie z przemysłem wydobywczym, hutniczym i energetycznym. Na terenie województwa śląskiego takich obiektów jest najwięcej w kraju, co ma bezpośredni związek z intensywną industrializacją i urbanizacją tego obszaru od połowy XIX wieku. Współcześnie, choć wiele z nich zmieniło swój wygląd (zostały poddane procesom rekultywacji), nadal – obok szybów kopalnianych – są rozpoznawalnym symbolem tego regionu. W artykule autorka zawraca uwagę na kulturowe znaczenie hałd poprzemysłowych na prze…
Waste heat recovery from a marine waste incinerator using a thermoelectric generator
2012
Published version of an article published in the journal: Journal of Electronic Materials. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-012-2009-6 A marine waste incinerator has been evaluated for waste heat harvesting using thermoelectric generators (TEG). The application has been evaluated using mathematical modeling to optimize the heat exchanger and some vital design parameters of the TEG. The calculation shows that it is possible to extract 58 kW el at a price of 6.6 US$/W from an 850-kW th incinerator when optimizing for maximum power. However, minimizing the cost, it is possible to get 25 kW el at a price of 2.5 US$/W. A trade-off between the two targets lea…
NH4HCO3–water solutions regeneration in RED closed loop applications
2017
Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) in closed loop arrangement (Reverse Electrodialysis Heat Engine - REDHE) is a promising technology to convert low-grade waste heat into electricity. RED is a membrane process exploiting the salinity gradient between a concentrated and a diluted solution to generate electrical current. Due to the transfer phenomena occurring in the RED unit, the two exiting solutions are partially mixed. Thermal regeneration processes can be used to restore the initial conditions of the two solutions, thus closing the loop. In this regard, ammonium hydrogen carbonate (NH4HCO3) salt solutions are suitable for such applications, being able to decompose at temperatures above 40-45 …
Spunti di riflessione in materia di reati di gestione e traffico di rifiuti: le necessità di un ripensamento normativo
2023
Il presente contributo intende ravvivare la riflessione penalistica in merito al delitto di attività organizzate per il traffico illecito di rifiuti, attualmente disciplinato dall’art. 452 quaterdecies c.p. Nel far ciò, l’A. parte dall’analisi della struttura della fattispecie, mettendo in dubbio la sua natura di reato abituale, al momento dominante in dottrina e giurisprudenza, in favore di una lettura incentrata sul requisito organizzativo, individuato quale vero baricentro del disvalore del reato in commento. La centralità dell’elemento organizzativo è carattere ricorrente nella normativa antitraffico domestica, e la si riscontra, infatti, anche nel caso oggetto di interesse. Essa reca c…