Search results for "Wood"
showing 10 items of 818 documents
Chemical Pretreatments of Wood Chips Prior to Alkaline Pulping - A Review of Pretreatment Alternatives, Chemical Aspects of the Resulting Liquors, an…
2015
The chemical industry is being forced to evaluate new strategies for more effective utilization of renewable feedstocks to diminish the use of fossil resources. In this literature review, the integration of both acidic and alkaline pretreatment phases of hardwood and softwood chips with chemical pulping is discussed. Depending on the pretreatment conditions, high-volume sulfur-free fractions with varying chemical compositions can be produced. In case of acidic pretreatments, the major products include carbohydrates (mono-, oligo-, and polysaccharides), whereas under alkaline (i.e., aqueous NaOH) pretreatment conditions, the sulfur-free fractions of aliphatic carboxylic acids, lignin, and ex…
Forest structural elements and bryophyte species richness in managed forest landscape
2013
Elektroniskā versija nesatur pielikumus
Wood Ash Effects on Soil Fauna and Interactions with Carbohydrate Supply: A Minireview
2011
Wood ash effects on soil animals in a boreal forest ecosystem are reviewed focusing on recent results on interactive effects of wood ash and organic amendments, and laboratory microcosms as a tool to understand soil food webs are discussed. Loose wood ash can reduce the populations of enchytraeids, collembolans and mites, but increase nematode populations particularly in experimental laboratory ecosystems with little or no primary production. Recent studies indicate that the repressive effect on enchytraeids depends on carbon availability. Carbohydrate supply seemed to alleviate the negative wood ash effect on enchytraeid body size and abundance. The fact that carbon alleviated wood ash eff…
Nitrate removal microbiology in woodchip bioreactors : a case-study with full-scale bioreactors treating aquaculture effluents
2020
Woodchip bioreactors are viable low-cost nitrate (NO3−) removal applications for treating agricultural and aquaculture discharges. The active microbial biofilms growing on woodchips are conducting nitrogen (N) removal, reducing NO3− while oxidizing the carbon (C) from woodchips. However, bioreactor age, and changes in the operating conditions or in the microbial community might affect the NO3− removal as well as potentially promote nitrous oxide (N2O) production through either incomplete denitrification or dissimilatory NO3− reduction to ammonium (DNRA). Here, we combined stable isotope approach, amplicon sequencing, and captured metagenomics for studying the potential NO3− removal rates, a…
Intelaiature lignee leggere quale presidio antisismico nell'architettura tradizionale di area mediterranea
2017
L’accresciuta attenzione nei confronti degli aspetti costruttivi dell’edificato storico, associata all’analisi delle tecniche attraverso la ricerca archivistica, ma ancor più gli interventi di restauro e recupero che punteggiano i centri storici per iniziativa pubblica e privata consentono di ritrovare -nascoste anche all’occhio attento che le sa riconoscere- le intelaiature a graticcio ligneo: teatri ad intera struttura lignea, la configurazione interna di saloni ed ambienti di rappresentanza di palazzi nobiliari, chiese, conventi o monasteri ed anche l’edilizia diffusa che definiremmo “di base” testimoniano la capillare applica-zione del sistema costruttivo, con invarianti ed originalità …
Dendrochronologie : potentialités et nouveaux enjeux pour l’archéologie préventive
2019
International audience; La dendrochronologie, méthode de datation qui étudie la variation des largeurs des cernes de croissance des arbres, est sollicitée, en archéologie, pour l’obtention d’une date absolue. Elle nécessite un dialogue incontournable entre les différents acteurs de la discipline pour fiabiliser les acquisitions, voire tout simplement obtenir une date. L’analyse des bois archéologiques ne se limite toutefois pas à la seule datation et constitue le point de départ de nouvelles approches qui permettent de combler des espaces et des champs de recherche encore lacunaire, pour le sud de la France notamment. Dans le contexte des changements climatiques actuels, la dendrochronologi…
Margaret Atwood and Adaptation: The Handmaid’s Tale and Beyond
2021
Margaret Atwood has long been appreciated for her ardent defense of Canadian authors and her genre-bending fiction, essays and poetry. However, an aspect of her work that has perhaps been less thoroughly examined is her work both as adaptor and as source for adaptation in media as varied as opera, television, film, or comic books. Recent critically acclaimed television adaptations of the novels The Handmaid’s Tale (Hulu) and Alias Grace (Amazon) have rightfully focused attention on these works, but Atwood’s fiction has long been a source of inspiration for artists of various media, a seeming corollary to Atwood’s own tendency to explore the possibilities of media (graphic novels), genres (s…
Identifying a supply-chain related to the use of renewable natural resource: Case studies from France and Aquitaine region
2015
This paper aims to build a method to identify an economic sector. This type of method attempts to identify a pool of sub sector showing a strong intensity of economic flows between them. In this study, we show the potential of input output models for this type of analysis. Two types of contributions have been done here. First we improve the sub sector selection. Then we improve the calculation of the « economic distance between sub sectors belonging to the same sector. These improvements are applied to identified the wood sector in France but also at the regional level of Aquitaine. The empirical results show the features of sectors can vary between France and regions, mainly because of reg…
Bretton Woods uudella vuosituhannella : kehityspolitiikka uusliberaalin käänteen jälkeen
2010
Maailmanpankki on ehkä merkittävin kehitysyhteistyön määrittelijä ja yhdessä toisen Bretton Woods -instituution, Kansainvälisen valuuttajärjestön IMF:n kanssa huomattava tekijä globaalissa talousjärjestelmässä. Instituutiot myöntävät talouspoliittisesti ehdollistettuja lainoja kehitysmaille, jotta ne pystyisivät kohentamaan elinolojaan sekä turvaamaan talouskasvun ja sitä myötä vähentämään köyhyyttä. Tutkimuksessani käyn läpi Bretton Woods- instituutioiden, etenkin Maailmanpankin, tapaa vähentää köyhyyttä kehitysmaissa. Tarkastelen, millaiseen ajatusmaailmaan sen voidaan katsoa perustuvan ja miten nykyinen, uusliberaali kehityspolitiikkaa on muotoutunut. Yksinkertaisin kysymys on, pystyykö …
The muqarnas ceiling of the Palatina Chapel in Palermo
2018
St. Peter’s Basilica inside the Royal Palace of Palermo, known as the Palatina Chapel, is one of the most popular medieval monuments in Sicily. Built between 1130 and 1163, it contains interesting wooden framings that represent both bearing and finishing structures. Studies about the Arab-Norman church have often concentrated on the very rich and suggestive decorative mosaic apparatus of walls and floorings, as well as the pictorial cycle of wooden ceilings. Knowledge about the constructive techniques adopted and, in particular, about the realization of the coverings, is very limited: there are wooden floors built at different levels, vaults and wooden ceilings and among these is the portio…