Search results for "Word list"
showing 9 items of 49 documents
Recall of common and uncommon words from pure and mixed lists
1980
Recall of high- and low-frequency words in the conventional free recall paradigm was compared with recall of the same words when subjects were required to count backward before and after the presentation of each word. The addition of this distractor task was associated with a reduction in the high-frequency advantage otherwise found with pure lists containing only high- or low-frequency words. This finding is attributed to the disruption of organizational processes. In contrast, the low-frequency advantage found with conventional presentation of mixed lists, containing high- and low-frequency words, was not reduced by distraction. These findings indicate that the frequency effects obtained …
Reading traffic signs while driving: Are linguistic word properties relevant in a complex, dynamic environment?
2019
When driving a vehicle, do we read the words displayed on traffic signs just as we do in more standard conditions? In the driving context, stimulus quality is generally worse, and reading has to be performed at the same time as we are doing other tasks. In the present work, we examined the effects of word frequency and word length on reading in such circumstances. A stimulus presentation mimicking the approach to the traffic sign increased the effect of word frequency, but not the effect of word length, on reading latency. In addition, performing the reading task while driving along a simulated route produced similar results. Therefore, in the context of the driving activity, the advantage …
Computational evidence that frequency trajectory theory does not oppose but emerges from age-of-acquisition theory.
2012
International audience; According to the age-of-acquisition hypothesis, words acquired early in life are processed faster and more accurately than words acquired later. Connectionist models have begun to explore the influence of the age/order of acquisition of items (and also their frequency of encounter). This study attempts to reconcile two different methodological and theoretical approaches (proposed by Lambon Ralph & Ehsan, 2006 and Zevin & Seidenberg, 2002) to age-limited learning effects. The current simulations extend the findings reported by Zevin and Seidenberg (2002) that have shown that frequency trajectories (FTs) have limited and specific effects on word-reading tasks. Using th…
Akadēmisko vārdu sarakstu izmantošana testu izstrādē
2019
Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot nozīmi testu izveidē, kas ir balstīti uz akadēmisko vārdu sarakstiem, lai novērtēt akadēmisko vārdu zināšanas studējošiem, kas mācās angļu valodu, piemērojot tulkošanu, analizējot kvantitatīvos datus, kas tika savākti no studējošo atsauksmēm. Pētījums sniedz teorētisko informāciju par akadēmiskiem vārdiem un akadēmisko vārdu sarakstiem un irbalstīts uz tādiem autoriem, ka Nation, Stubbs, Schmitt un citiem. Pētniecības metode bija testa izstrāde. Dati tika savākti no anglu valodas studējošo atsauksmēm. Galvenie darba rezultāti liecina, ka testu izveide, kas ir balstīta uz akadēmisko vārdu sarakstiem, lai novērtēt akadēmisko vārdu zināšanas studējošiem, kas mācās…
BuscaPalabras: a program for deriving orthographic and phonological neighborhood statistics and other psycholinguistic indices in Spanish.
2005
This article describes a Windows program that enables users to obtain a broad range of statistics concerning the properties of word and nonword stimuli in Spanish, including word frequency, syllable frequency, bigram and biphone frequency, orthographic similarity, orthographic and phonological structure, concreteness, familiarity, imageability, valence, arousal, and age-of-acquisition measures. It is designed for use by researchers in psycholinguistics, particularly those concerned with recognition of isolated words. The program computes measures of orthographic similarity online, with respect to either a default vocabulary of 31,491 Spanish words or a vocabulary specified by the user. In a…
Numerical Analysis of Word Frequencies in Artificial and Natural Language Texts
1997
We perform a numerical study of the statistical properties of natural texts written in English and of two types of artificial texts. As statistical tools we use the conventional Zipf analysis of the distribution of words and the inverse Zipf analysis of the distribution of frequencies of words, the analysis of vocabulary growth, the Shannon entropy and a quantity which is a nonlinear function of frequencies of words, the frequency "entropy". Our numerical results, obtained by investigation of eight complete books and sixteen related artificial texts, suggest that, among these analyses, the analysis of vocabulary growth shows the most striking difference between natural and artificial texts…
Effects of Prior Knowledge on Comprehending Text About Learning Strategies
2021
Good knowledge and skills in using different learning strategies is important for learning with understanding and even more critical during distance learning. Findings indicate that students tend to use and value ineffective learning strategies, thus there is need to educate students. This study aimed to analyze the possibility of using refutation text on learning strategies that students can study independently. The study examined how reported use of learning strategies and preexisting beliefs about the effectiveness of rehearsal and comprehension-oriented strategies relate to the comprehension of text about learning strategies, and how text comprehension is related to later use of strateg…
Lexicographic studies in medicine: Academic Word List for clinical case histories
2013
Medical texts are often thought to pertain to a closed community, but how far the language used by that community overlaps with general academic lexis is unknown. We examined a corpus of clinical case histories using the software RANGE to characterise the lexis of clinical case histories quantitatively and present a wordlist for clinical medicine. Only 58% of the general academic wordlists are found in clinical texts but the 85% overlap with an important academic wordlist, the Coxhead 570, furnishes evidence for the academic nature of the lexis used for clinical cases in Medicine. There was little overlap (38%) between our clinical case wordlist and other wordlists of medical research artic…
Does "whole-word shape" play a role in visual word recognition?
2002
To analyze the impact of outline shape on visual word recognition, the visual pattern of the stimuli can be distorted by size alternation. Contrary to the predictions of models that rely on outline shape (Allen, Wallace, & Weber, 1995), the effect of size alternationwas greater for low-frequency words than for high-frequency words in a lexical decision task (Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, the effect of case type (lowercase vs. UPPERCASE) occurred for low-frequency words, but not for high-frequency words. The effect of neighborhood size was remarkably similar in the two experiments. The results can be readily explained in the framework of a resonance model (Grossberg & Stone, 1986), in whic…