Search results for "World health"
showing 10 items of 184 documents
Physical activity and depression: a large cross-sectional, population-based study across 36 low- and middle-income countries
2016
Objective: Physical activity (PA) is good for health, yet several small-scale studies have suggested that depression is associated with low PA. A paucity of nationally representative studies investigating this relationship exists, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study explored the global association of PA with depression and its mediating factors. Method: Participants from 36 LMICs from the World Health Survey were included. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken exploring the relationship between PA and depression. Results: Across 178 867 people (mean ± SD age = 36.2 ± 13.5 years; 49.9% male), the prevalence of depression and the prevalenc…
An observational retrospective study of odontogenic cyst´s and tumours over an 18-year period in a Portuguese population according to the new WHO Hea…
2020
Background Odontogenic cysts and tumours of the jaws represent one of the most prevalent groups of oral-maxillofacial lesions. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and pathological characteristics of a cohort of odontogenic cysts (OC) and odontogenic tumours (OT) of the jaws in a Portuguese population. Material and Methods This observational retrospective study analysed patients diagnosed with either an OC or OT of the jaws at a central hospital of Oporto, Portugal, between 1988 and 2006. Data collected from patients’ files included demographic, clinical, radiological and histopathological information. Recurrence was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results The sample cons…
Internal and external validity of the WHO Well-Being Scale in the elderly general population
1999
The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the validity of the WHO Well-Being Scale in elderly subjects and (ii) to assess the influence of demographic variables on subjective quality of life. A sample of 254 elderly subjects completed the 22-item WHO Well-Being Scale. The scale had an adequate internal and external validity. However, the short 10-item and 5-item versions were equally valid. Low scores indicating decreased well-being were related to the presence of a psychiatric disorder or, independently, to poor living conditions. The Well-Being Scale and their short versions would appear to be useful instruments for identifying subjects with reduced subjective quality of life.
Identifying women with gestational diabetes based on maternal characteristics: an analysis of four Norwegian prospective studies
2021
Abstract Background There is still no worldwide agreement on the best diagnostic thresholds to define gestational diabetes (GDM) or the optimal approach for identifying women with GDM. Should all pregnant women perform an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or can easily available maternal characteristics, such as age, BMI and ethnicity, indicate which women to test? The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of GDM by three diagnostic criteria and the predictive accuracy of commonly used risk factors. Methods We merged data from four Norwegian cohorts (2002–2013), encompassing 2981 women with complete results from a universally offered OGTT. Prevalences were estimated based on the f…
Pelvic Exenteration: Effects of Surgery on Quality of Life and Body Image—A Prospective Longitudinal Study
1997
Abstract Objectives. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of reconstructive and nonreconstructive surgical procedures on quality of life and body image for women who undergo pelvic exenteration. Methods. Twenty-eight patients were assessed in a prospective study with a preoperative semistructured interview and an objective assessment (T1). Interviews and questionnaires were repeated 4 (T2) and 12 (T3) months postoperatively. The women were divided into groups with two, one, or no ostomies. A separate comparison was made of women with and without vaginal capacity. Quality of life was defined in terms of five categories according to the definition of health proposed by the World …
Psychometric properties of 12-item self-administered World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) among general populati…
2019
WHODAS 2.0 is a unified scale to measuring disability across diseases, countries, and cultures. The objective was to explore the available evidence on the psychometric properties of 12-item self-administered WHODAS 2.0 among a general population and people with non-acute physical causes of disability.Five databases Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO were searched for papers related to the validity, reliability, responsiveness, minimal clinically important difference or minimal detectable change of 12-item self-administered WHODAS 2.0. In order to avoid missing any potentially relevant studies, the search clauses were left as generic as possible and the refining search was…
Integrated care pathways for airway diseases (AIRWAYS-ICPs)
2014
International audience; The objective of Integrated Care Pathways for Airway Diseases (AIRWAYS-ICPs) is to launch a collaboration to develop multi-sectoral care pathways for chronic respiratory diseases in European countries and regions. AIRWAYS-ICPs has strategic relevance to the European Union Health Strategy and will add value to existing public health knowledge by: 1) proposing a common framework of care pathways for chronic respiratory diseases, which will facilitate comparability and trans-national initiatives; 2) informing cost-effective policy development, strengthening in particular those on smoking and environmental exposure; 3) aiding risk stratification in chronic disease patien…
Prophylaxis of Non-communicable Diseases: Why fruits and vegetables may be better chemopreventive agents than dietary supplements based on isolated p…
2019
The World Health Organization (WHO) report from 2014 documented that non-communicable socalled civilization diseases such as cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, cancer or type 2 diabetes are responsible for over 50% of all premature deaths in the world. Research carried out over the past 20 years has provided data suggesting that diet is an essential factor influencing the risk of development of these diseases. The increasing knowledge on chemopreventive properties of certain food ingredients, in particular, those of plant origin, opened the discussion on the possibility to use edible plants or their active components in the prevention of these chronic diseases. Health-pro…
El docente en las Aulas Hospitalarias Españolas. Un estudio comparado del perfil profesional específico en el marco autonómico español
2018
espanolLa Pedagogia Hospitalaria, sus aulas y, todo el equipo que forma parte de ellas, esta avanzando a pasos agigantados por ir mas alla del paciente y de las plantas de pediatria, involucrando asi a todo un equipo interdisciplinar. Con la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) a traves de un grupo de estudio trato el tema de la Educacion Multiprofesional dentro del ambito sanitario con profesionales que tratan tareas que benefician la salud, como la prevencion, curacion, rehabilitacion. Gracias a ello hay numerosos estudios que admiten que, para que el ingreso sea lo menos traumatizante posible es imprescindible que el nino-paciente lleve una vida lo mas normalizada posible. El objetivo …
Association between WHO cut-offs for childhood overweight and obesity and cardiometabolic risk
2012
AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between cardiovascular risk and childhood overweight and obesity using the BMI cut-offs recommended by the WHO.DesignChildren were classified as normal weight, overweight and obese according to the WHO BMI-for-age reference. Blood pressure, lipids, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and uric acid levels were compared across BMI groups. ANOVA and tests of linearity were used to assess overall mean differences across groups. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated for adverse plasma levels of biochemical variables.SettingPaediatric care centres.SubjectsChildren (n149) aged 8–18 years.ResultsAbout 37 %,…