Search results for "Writ"

Termination of a set of rules modulo a set of equations

2006

The problem of termination of a set R of rules modulo a set E of equations, called E-termination problem, arises when trying to complete the set of rules in order to get a Church-Rosser property for the rules modulo the equations. We first show here that termination of the rewriting relation and E-termination are the same whenever the used rewriting relation is E-commuting, a property inspired from Peterson and Stickel’s E-compatibility property. More precisely, their results can be obtained by requiring termination of the rewriting relation instead of E-termination if E-commutation is used instead of E-compatibility. When the rewriting relation is not E-commuting, we show how to reduce E-t…

Nondeterministic operations on finite relational structures

1998

Abstract This article builds on a tutorial introduction to universal algebra for language theory (Courcelle, Theoret. Comput. Sci. 163 (1996) 1–54) and extends it in two directions. First, nondeterministic operations are considered, i.e., operations which give a set of results instead of a single one. Most of their properties concerning recognizability and equational definability carry over from the ordinary case with minor modifications. Second, inductive sets of evaluations are studied in greater detail. It seems that they are handled most naturally in the framework presented here. We consider the analogues of top-down and bottom-up tree transducers. Again, most of their closure propertie…

Literacy and literacy practices: Plurilingual connected migrants and emerging literacy

2021

Abstract Recent migration towards Europe is characterized by the massive presence of adults whose educational paths have been interrupted and who are thus developing literacy for the first time in a new language. A literacy test elaborated at the University of Palermo, Italy, showed that, on a sample of 774 migrants, about 30 percent could not read and/or write short words. This test assessed the learners’ abilities to read and write, whether in the Roman alphabet or in other writing systems, and whether in Italian or in other languages of learners’ repertoires. These learners with emergent literacy mostly came from sub-Saharan Africa, an area characterized by diverse forms of multilinguali…

2021

Dystonia, a debilitating neurological movement disorder, is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and develops from a complex pathophysiology. Graph theoretical analysis approaches have been employed to investigate functional network changes in patients with different forms of dystonia. In this study, we aimed to characterize the abnormal brain connectivity underlying writer's cramp, a focal hand dystonia. To this end, we examined functional magnetic resonance scans of 20 writer's cramp patients (11 females/nine males) and 26 healthy controls (10 females/16 males) performing a sequential finger tapping task with their non-dominant (and for patients non-dystonic) hand. Functional …

Writing tasks in EFL teaching : analysis of the writing tasks in Finnish schoolbooks

2015

Perusopetuksen opetussuunnitelman perusteet (2004) englannin kielen kirjoitustaidon osalta jättävät vastuun kirjoitustehtävien suunnittelusta opettajille ja kirjantekijöille. Oppimateriaaleja tutkimalla voidaan saavuttaa tietoa englannin kielen opetuksesta Suomessa. Tutkielma pyrkii selvittämään, minkä tyyppistä kirjoitustaitoa opetetaan suomalaisissa englannin kielen oppimateriaaleissa ja tutkimus keskittyy kirjoitustehtävien painopisteiden tutkimiseen kahden kysymyksen kautta. Ensiksi tutkittiin kirjoitustehtävien sijoittumista muotoa painottavien ja sisältöä painottavien tehtävien väliselle akselille, ja toiseksi selvitettiin, minkälaisia kirjoittamisen taitoja tehtävät harjoittavat. Ain…

The summarizing skills of Finnish engineering students

1999

Análisis de publicaciones sobre alfabetización inicial desde una perspectiva didáctica

2020

En este trabajo se elabora una revisión sistemática de estudios sobre la aproximación a la lengua escrita en Educación Infantil en España. Se consideran estudios publicados entre 2009 y 2019 que se centren en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en aula para conocer y analizar las prácticas docentes que se difunden desde la investigación. Los resultados permiten, por un lado, describir el tipo de investigaciones: predominio de estudios realizados en aula sobre los de carácter experimental o revisión bibliográfica; equilibrio entre investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa o mayor atención al periodo 3-6 años. Por otro lado, los datos muestran que las publicaciones científicas recogen vari…

Avisos y relaciones manuscritos y impresos sobre catastrofes naturales y sucesos prodigiosos en Sicilia durante el siglo XVIII

2021

In the eighteenth century there is a large number of stories, both handwritten and in print, that describe extraordinary and unlucky events of different kinds: monstrosities, eclipses, or storms, floods, earthquakes, eruptions, etc. These stories, with respect to Sicily, take the form of occasional printed news, although sometimes they may be included in serials organized by different criteria (topographic/chronological/subject). Surviving documents in archives and libraries offer some opportunities to deepen the study of issues concerning the circulation and dissemination of news about the same event, their credibility, their formal characters and content. Very rare printed ephemera and ha…

Women and Repayment in Microfinance: A Global Analysis

2011

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in World Development. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in World Development, 39(5), 758-772 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.10.008 This paper uses a global data set of 350 microfinance institutions (MFIs) in 70 countries to study the common belief that women are generally better credit risks in microfinance than men. The r…

Monete false. Le contraddizioni del capitalismo occidentale nella narrativa di Elvira Dones e Anilda Ibrahimi

2020

Il saggio analizza il modo in cui il modello economico occidentale diventa oggetto di narrazione in Vergine giurata di Elvira Dones e Rosso come una sposa di Anilda Ibrahimi. Questi due romanzi, pubblicati rispettivamente nel 2007 e nel 2008, reinterpretano da un punto di vista “diverso” le questioni economiche, dando voce ad una alterità che non è solo geografica, ma anche esistenziale e biologica. Lo sguardo impietoso di Dones e Ibrahimi si appunta sulle contraddizioni del capitalismo globale: il mito della ricchezza occidentale, che attraverso la retorica dei media colonizza l’immaginario migrante, si traduce narrativamente nell’ottica dello smascheramento. The essay analyzes how the Wes…