Search results for "X-ray"

showing 10 items of 4234 documents

Computerized brain tomography measures compared with spontaneous and suppressed plasma cortisol levels in major depression.

1989

We determined brain density and ventricular measurements with computerized tomography (CT) in 33 depressed patients and compared the results with basal plasma cortisol and its suppressibility by dexamethasone. Mean plasma cortisol was positively related to elevated ventricular brain ratio (VBR). No association could be found between dexamethasone suppression test (DST) status and VBR or any other CT parameter. Elevated plasma cortisol levels and increased VBRs were positively correlated with total scores on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Global Assessment Scale and the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale, but they were not significantly correlated with total score on the Hamilton Anxi…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyHydrocortisoneEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismDexamethasoneCerebral VentriclesBasal (phylogenetics)EndocrinologyInternal medicineMelancholiaBrief Psychiatric Rating ScalemedicineHumansBiological PsychiatryDexamethasoneDepression (differential diagnoses)HydrocortisonePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesDepressive DisorderEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsBrainMiddle AgedVentricular-brain ratioPsychiatry and Mental healthEndocrinologyDexamethasone suppression testFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyTomography X-Ray Computedmedicine.drugPsychoneuroendocrinology
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Detection of central pulmonary artery thromboemboli by transesophageal echocardiography in patients with severe pulmonary embolism.

1992

Transthoracic echocardiography generally provides only indirect signs of pulmonary embolism. In contrast, with transesophageal echocardiography the thromboembolus itself can be visualized in the central parts of the pulmonary artery. The aims of our study were to evaluate, first, the incidence of central pulmonary artery thromboemboli in patients with severe pulmonary embolism, and second, the accuracy of the echocardiographic diagnosis. Our study group comprised 60 patients with proved severe pulmonary embolism. All patients were examined by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography. The echocardiographic findings concerning the absence or presence of central pulmonary artery thro…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyHypertension PulmonaryBlood PressurePulmonary ArterySensitivity and SpecificityEsophagusInternal medicinemedicine.arteryThromboembolismmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientProspective StudiesThrombusAgedbusiness.industryAngiography Digital SubtractionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePulmonary embolismEchocardiographyPulmonary arteryCardiologyFemaleRadiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessPulmonary EmbolismTomography X-Ray ComputedJournal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography
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Identification of unknown dead bodies by X-ray image comparison of the skull using the X-ray simulation program FoXSIS.

2001

The aim of the study was to improve the objectivity of X-ray image comparison for the identification of unknown dead individuals. CT-data were collected for 30 macerated skulls. An already presented computer program which uses CT data to establish virtual X-ray images was used to obtain X-rays with different beam angulations simulating rotation, dorsal flexion, and ventral flexion. Specific parameters were measured on the simulated images. The frontal sinus reveals the highest variability not only between the individual skulls but also within an individual skull in different positions. The most consistent parameters with respect to different positions were the skull breadth, the biorbital b…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyImage processingPathology and Forensic MedicineBlind studymedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansComputer SimulationMathematicsbusiness.industrySkullPattern recognitionSurgeryIdentification (information)Skullmedicine.anatomical_structureX ray imageForensic radiologyForensic AnthropologyFrontal SinusFemaleArtificial intelligenceTomographybusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedLawRotation (mathematics)SoftwareForensic science international
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Botulinum toxin to avoid component separation in midline large hernias.

2020

Abstract Background The goal of our study was to compare results in patients with large midline incisional hernia using modified anterior component separation versus preoperative botulinum toxin and following Rives repair, with a focus on surgical site occurrences, possibility of fascial closure, duration of hospital stay, and hernia recurrence rate. Methods From to March 2016 to June 2019, a prospective comparative study was performed in 80 consecutive patients with large midline incisional hernias and hernia transverse diameters between 11 and 17 cm under elective hernia repair at our tertiary center. Two groups were analyzed prospectively: 40 patients with preoperative botulinum toxin ad…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyIncisional herniamedicine.medical_treatment030230 surgeryInjections Intramuscular03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSurgical sitePreoperative CaremedicineHumansIncisional HerniaHerniaIn patientProspective StudiesBotulinum Toxins Type AHerniorrhaphyAbdominal MusclesAgedSurgical repairbusiness.industryAbdominal WallMiddle AgedHernia repairmedicine.diseaseBotulinum toxinComponent separationHernia VentralSurgeryElective Surgical Procedures030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSurgeryFemalebusinessTomography X-Ray Computedmedicine.drugSurgery
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CT enterography as a powerful tool for the evaluation of inflammatory activity in Crohn’s disease: relationship of CT findings with CDAI and acute-ph…

2014

Few studies have correlated computed tomography enterography (CTE) findings with Crohn’s disease (CD) clinical and biochemical activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate correlations between CTE findings with CD activity. The CTE datasets from 62 patients were retrospectively reviewed for different parameters: bowel wall thickening and hyperenhancement, mesenteric alterations, abdominal free fluid and complications related to the disease (fistulas, strictures, abscesses). Activity was assessed using the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and some biochemical markers (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, alpha 2-globulins, fibrinogen, platelets, haemoglobin). Correlati…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyInflammationBlood SedimentationFibrinogenGastroenterologyCrohnHemoglobinsCrohn DiseaseInternal medicineIntestine SmallHumansMedicineMesenteric lymph nodesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPlateletRetrospective StudiesInflammationCrohn's diseasemedicine.diagnostic_testPlatelet Countbusiness.industryAcute-phase proteinFibrinogenRetrospective cohort studyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseC-Reactive ProteinLogistic Modelsmedicine.anatomical_structureErythrocyte sedimentation rateFemaleLymph Nodesmedicine.symptomTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessBiomarkersmedicine.drugLa radiologia medica
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Bolus-enhanced renal spiral CT: technique, diagnostic value and drawbacks

1994

Abstract In addition to pre- and postcontrast renal CT scans, early bolus-enhanced spiral scans during demarcation of the corticomedullary junction were acquired in 85 patients. The diagnostic value and drawbacks of the three imaging series in the evaluation of renal disease were assessed. Renal calcifications and calculus disease detected at precontrast scans (18%) were obscured after contrast administration and excretion in most cases. In the detection of renal lesions bolus-enhanced spiral CT and delayed postcontrast scans had an identical diagnostic yield (94%). Bolus-enhanced spiral CT was superior in the assessment of lesion vascularity and vascular anatomy as well as opacification of…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyKidney CortexMedullary cavityKidneyRenal Artery Obstructionurologic and male genital diseasesRenal VeinsLesionKidney CalculiRenal ArteryBolus (medicine)VascularityPrecontrastmedicineHumansKidney PelvisRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSpiral ctCarcinoma Renal CellAgedAged 80 and overKidney MedullaKidneybusiness.industryThrombosisGeneral MedicineKidney Diseases CysticMiddle AgedKidney NeoplasmsIopamidolRadiographic Image Enhancementmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleKidney DiseasesRadiologymedicine.symptomTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessRenal pelvisFollow-Up StudiesEuropean Journal of Radiology
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Intrahepatic biliary anatomy derived from right graft adult live donor liver transplantation

2008

Abstract Objective The successful management of the bile duct in right graft adult live donor liver transplantation requires knowledge of both its central (hilar) and distal (sectorial) anatomy. The purpose of this study was to provide a systematic classification of its branching patterns to enhance clinical decision-making. Patients and Methods We analyzed three-dimensional computed tomography (3-D CT) imaging reconstructions of 139 potential live liver donors evaluated at our institution between January 2003 and June 2007. Results Fifty-four (n = 54 or 38.8%) donor candidates had a normal (classic) hilar and sectorial right bile duct anatomy (type I). Seventy-eight (n = 78 or 56.1%) cases…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLive donormedicine.medical_treatmentCholecystographyHepatic Duct CommonLiver transplantationliverImage Processing Computer-AssistedLiving DonorsmedicineHumansRetrospective StudiesTransplantationmedicine.diagnostic_testBile ductbusiness.industryGallbladderGallbladderRetrospective cohort studyMiddle AgedCholecystographyLiver TransplantationSurgeryBiliary anatomymedicine.anatomical_structureBiliary tractFemaleSurgeryTomography X-Ray Computedbusiness
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Coronary calcium score and computed tomography coronary angiography in high-risk asymptomatic subjects: assessment of diagnostic accuracy and prevale…

2010

The aim of the study was to compare the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) for the assessment of non-obstructive/obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in high-risk asymptomatic subjects. Two hundred and thirteen consecutive asymptomatic subjects (113 male; mean age 53.6 +/- 12.4 years) with more than one risk factor and an inconclusive or unfeasible non-invasive stress test result underwent CACS and CTCA in an outpatient setting. All patients underwent conventional coronary angiography (CAG). Data from CACS (threshold for positive image: Agatston score 1/100/1,000) and CTCA were compared with CAG regarding the degree of CAD (non-obst…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLumen (anatomy)Coronary Artery DiseaseCoronary AngiographyAsymptomaticRisk AssessmentCoronary artery diseaseYoung AdultRisk FactorsInternal medicinePositive predicative valuemedicinePrevalenceHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingcardiovascular diseasesRisk factorNeuroradiologyAgedbusiness.industrynutritional and metabolic diseasesCalcinosiscalcium scoreGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCoronary Calcium ScoreItalycardiovascular systemCardiologyFemaleRadiologymedicine.symptomSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaAgatston scorebusinessTomography X-Ray Computednon-obstructive coronary artery diseaseEuropean Radiology
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MRI in lung transplant recipients using hyperpolarized 3He: comparison with CT.

2002

PURPOSE To elucidate the ability of 3He-MRI to detect ventilation defects in lung transplant recipients, 3He-MRI was compared to CT for concordance. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 14 lung recipients using 3He-MRI on a 1.5 T MR scanner. CT served as a reference method. Up to four representative ventilation defects were defined for each lung on 3He-MRI and compared to corresponding areas on CT. RESULTS Altogether, 59 representative ventilation defects were defined on 3He-MRI. Plausible CT correlates were found for 29 ventilation defects; less plausible CT correlates were found for eight defects. In 22 defects (37%) no corresponding CT changes were detected. CT demonstrated correlates for v…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyLungbusiness.industryConcordanceEarly detectionBronchiolitis obliteransMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHeliumMagnetic Resonance ImagingSensitivity and Specificitymedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineBreathingHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFemaleRadiologybusinessPulmonary VentilationTomography X-Ray ComputedLungLung TransplantationJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
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Contralateral and ipsilateral microsurgical approaches to carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms.

1997

Objective The vicinity of carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms to the roof of the cavernous sinus, to the anterior clinoid process, and to the optic nerve or the optic chiasm requires well-defined surgical techniques. Although microsurgical techniques with ipsilateral direct approaches to these aneurysms have been described in detail, studies about contralateral strategies for the microsurgical treatment of carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms are rare and are mainly confined to case reports. The aim of this study is to describe how to decide on the ipsilateral and contralateral microsurgical approaches to such aneurysms and to demonstrate the surgical techniques for the ipsilateral and contralateral expos…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyMicrosurgeryOptic chiasmMagnetic resonance angiographyOphthalmic ArteryAneurysmmedicine.arteryMedical IllustrationmedicineHumanscardiovascular diseasesAnatomy ArtisticAgedAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryIntracranial AneurysmMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingSurgeryCerebral Angiographymedicine.anatomical_structureCarotid ArteriesTreatment OutcomeOphthalmic arteryCavernous sinuscardiovascular systemOptic nerveSurgeryFemaleNeurology (clinical)Internal carotid arterybusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedCerebral angiographyNeurosurgery
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