Search results for "Zirconium"

showing 10 items of 303 documents

Chronology of early Archaean granite-greenstone evolution in the Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa, based on precise dating by single zircon evap…

1991

We report precise 207Pb/206Pb single zircon evaporation ages for low-grade felsic metavolcanic rocks within the Onverwacht and Fig Tree Groups of the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB), South Africa, and from granitoid plutons bordering the belt. Dacitic tuffs of the Hooggenoeg Formation in the upper part of the Onverwacht Group yield ages between 3445 +/- 3 and 3416 +/- 5 Ma and contain older crustal components represented by a 3504 +/- 4 Ma old zircon xenocryst. Fig Tree dacitic tuffs and agglomerates have euhedral zircons between 3259 +/- 5 and 3225 +/- 3 Ma in age which we interpret to reflect the time of crystallization. A surprisingly complex xenocryst population in one sample documents …

Geological PhenomenaTime FactorsArcheanGeochemistryGreenstone beltVolcanic EruptionsPaleontologyPrecambrianSouth AfricaIsotopesGeochemistry and PetrologyAbsolute datingEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)geographyMineralsgeography.geographical_feature_categoryFelsicSilicatesGeologySilicon DioxideVolcanic rockCratonGeophysicsLeadSpace and Planetary ScienceZirconiumCrystallizationGeologyZircon
researchProduct

Expanding the Variety of Zirconium‐based Inorganic Building Units for Metal–Organic Frameworks

2019

Two new zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks with the composition [Zr6 O4 (OH)4 (OAc)6 (BDC)3 ] (CAU-26) and [Zr5 O4 (OH)4 (OAc)4 (BDC)2 ] (CAU-27) are reported, which were synthesized from acetic acid, a rarely utilized but green and sustainable solvent (BDC2- : 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate). Structure determination aided by automated electron diffraction tomography revealed that CAU-26 is composed of layers of well-known {Zr6 O8 } clusters interconnected by terephthalate ions. In contrast CAU-27 exhibits a three-dimensional structure with a so far unknown type of one-dimensional inorganic building unit (IBU), which can be rationalized as condensed polyhedron-sharing chains of {Zr6 O8 } cl…

Green chemistryMaterials scienceChemistry MultidisciplinaryCATALYZED BORYLATIONchemistry.chemical_element010402 general chemistryHIGHLY EFFICIENTBorylation01 natural sciencesTOXICITYCatalysisCatalysisAUTOMATED DIFFRACTION TOMOGRAPHYPolymer chemistryMoleculeZR-MOFGreen ChemistryZirconiumScience & TechnologySTABILITY010405 organic chemistryDirect C-H borylationGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineElectron DiffractionORGANOSILICA0104 chemical sciencesSolventChemistrychemistryPhysical SciencesARENESMetal-organic frameworkChemical stabilityZirconiumCLUSTERSMetal-organic FrameworksGREEN SYNTHESISAngewandte Chemie
researchProduct

Carbon dioxide conversion to dimethyl carbonate: The effect of silica as support for SnO2 and ZrO2 catalysts

2011

International audience; Abundant in nature, CO2 poses few health hazards and consequently is a promising alternative to phosgene feedstock according with the principles of Green Chemistry and Engineering. The synthesis organic carbonates from CO2 instead of phosgene is highly challenging as CO2 is much less reactive. As part of our ongoing research on the investigation of catalysts for dimethyl carbonate (DMC) synthesis from methanol and CO2, we herein report results aimed at comparing the catalytic behavior of new SnO2-based catalysts with that of ZrO2. Silica-supported SnO2 and ZrO2 exhibit turnover numbers which are an order of magnitude higher than those of the unsupported oxides. Tin-b…

Green chemistryZirconiumCarbon dioxide fixation010405 organic chemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringSupported catalystschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistryHeterogeneous catalysis01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTinOrganic chemistry[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistrySustainable chemistryZirconiumMethanolDimethyl carbonatePhosgeneTinComptes Rendus Chimie
researchProduct

Selective properties of neutron transfer reactions in the 90Zr + 208Pb system for the population of excited states in zirconium isotopes

2015

Abstract Nuclei produced via multineutron transfer channels have been studied in 90 Zr + 208 Pb close to the Coulomb barrier energy in a fragment- γ coincident measurement employing the PRISMA magnetic spectrometer coupled to the CLARA γ -array. The selective properties of the reaction mechanism have been discussed in terms of states and their strength excited in the neutron transfer channels leading to 89–94 Zr isotopes. A strong population of yrast states, with energies up to ∼7.5 MeV has been observed.

Heavy ion transfer reactions ; gamma transitions ; magnetic spectrometerPhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicseducation.field_of_studyReaction mechanismIsotopeYrastPhysicsPopulationNuclear TheoryCoulomb barrier7. Clean energyExcited stateIsotopes of zirconiumNeutronAtomic physicseducationNuclear ExperimentNuclear Physics A
researchProduct

Comparison of ZrO2:Y nanocrystals and macroscopic single crystal luminescence

2007

The luminescence spectra of a tetragonally structured ZrO2:Y single crystal and nanocrystals were compared. It was found that the number of luminescence centers contributed to the spectra. The excitation of luminescence within the band gap region led to different luminescence spectra for the single crystal and nanocrystal samples, whereas recombinative luminescence spectra were the same for both samples. The origin of this difference is that in the nanocrystals, even under excitation within the band gap, charge carriers were created. Zirconium- oxygen complexes distorted by intrinsic defects were proposed to be the luminescence centres responsible for the wide luminescence band observed.

HistoryZirconiumMaterials scienceBand gapchemistry.chemical_elementSpectral lineComputer Science ApplicationsEducationCrystallographyNanocrystalchemistryCharge carrierLuminescenceSingle crystalExcitationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
researchProduct

Immediate and flapless implant insertion and provisionalization using autogenous bone grafts in the esthetic zone: 5-year results.

2017

Objectives As the 2-year results for immediately inserted and provisionalized implants have been reported, it remained an open issue, whether the initially high success rates and the esthetic outcome remain stable for longer observation periods. Therefore, this prospective study examines the 5-year hard and soft tissue changes at implants placed in the anterior maxilla. Material and methods Meanwhile, 37 microthreaded implants were placed in 21 patients into extraction sockets with and without facial bone deficiencies by a flapless approach. Facial gaps and bony defects were grafted with autogenous bone chips. The implants were immediately provisionalized. The primary outcome parameters wer…

Immediate Dental Implant LoadingFacial bonemedicine.medical_treatmentAlveolar Bone LossDentistrySigns and symptomsEsthetics DentalTransplantation Autologous03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDental Implants Single-Tooth0502 economics and businessAlveolar ProcessMaxillaMedicineHumansDental Restoration FailureProspective StudiesAutogenous boneTooth SocketProspective cohort studyReduction (orthopedic surgery)Dental ImplantsBone TransplantationCrownsbusiness.industry05 social sciencesSoft tissue030206 dentistrySurvival RateTreatment OutcomeDental Prosthesis DesignCoronal planeTooth Extraction050211 marketingImplantZirconiumOral SurgerybusinessFollow-Up StudiesClinical oral implants research
researchProduct

Zirconium dioxide implants as an alternative to titanium: A systematic review

2020

Background: This systematic review evaluates the available scientific literature to demonstrate the aesthetic and clinical benefits and to determine the survival and the success of zirconium dioxide implants concerning titanium implants. Material and Methods: The electronic databases were searched until January 2020. Outcome measures were pink aesthetic score (PAS), white aesthetic score (WAS), bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD). The addressed PICO question was: In partially edentulous patients in the upper-anterior sector, do zirconium dioxide implants provide aesthetic benefits over conventional titanium implants? Results: In the 15 articles included after the screening were…

Implantes dentalesPlaque indexZirconium dioxidebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentBleeding on probingOutcome measureschemistry.chemical_elementDentistryOdontologíaReviewCrown (dentistry)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMedicineCirconiomedicine.symptomOral SurgerybusinessTecnología médicaGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASTitanium
researchProduct

A new cell for the study of in situ chemical reactions using X-ray absorption spectroscopy

2005

An in situ cell for reductive and oxidative treatments at different temperatures that allows the possibility of recording data as a function of temperature has been designed and constructed for X-ray absorption experiments at the GILDA beamline BM08 of ESRF. The cell is linked to a mass quadrupole spectrometer providing control of the reaction gases and monitoring of the products. The apparatus allows measurements to be performed both in transmission and fluorescence geometry. The cell was tested by studying the CO oxidation reaction promoted by a Pt/ceria-zirconia-supported catalyst. The CO(2) yield is correlated with the structural results confirming the existence of a strong metal-suppor…

In situNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAnalytical chemistryChemical reactionRedoxCatalysisSpecimen HandlingCatalysisthree-way catalystX-Ray DiffractionAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)InstrumentationPlatinumX-ray absorption spectroscopyRadiationSpectrometerChemistryTemperatureSpectrometry X-Ray EmissionCarbon Dioxidein situ EXAFSOxygenYield (chemistry)Flow Injection AnalysisZirconiumOxidation-Reductionstrong metal support interaction
researchProduct

NMR Spectroscopic Characterization and DFT Calculations of Zirconium(IV)-3,3′-Br2–BINOLate and Related Complexes Used in an Enantioselective Friedel–…

2012

Experimental and theoretical studies on the structure of several complexes based on (R)-3,3'-Br-2-BINOL ligand and group (IV) metals used as catalysts in an enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles with alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones have been carried out. NMR spectroscopic studies of these catalysts have been performed, which suggested that at room temperature the catalysts would form a monomeric structure in the case of Ti-IV and a dimeric structure in the cases of Zr-IV and Hf-IV. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations clearly corroborate the conclusions of these experimental spectroscopic studies. The dimeric structure with a doubly bridged motif [Zr-2(IV)(mu-(R)-3,3'…

Indole testIndolesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAlkylationMolecular StructureStereochemistryLigandOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesisStereoisomerismNaphtholsKetonesAlkylationMedicinal chemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryFISICA APLICADADensity functional theoryZirconiumFriedel–Crafts reactionThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
researchProduct

ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Friedel—Crafts Alkylation at the 2-Position of Indole with Simple Enones.

2008

Abstract A procedure for the enantioselective alkylation of indole at the 2-position with simple non-chelating enones is described for the first time. Reaction between 4,7-dihydroindole and enones in the presence of zirconium(IV)–BINOL complexes, followed by a p -benzoquinone oxidation gives indoles alkylated at the 2-position with good yields and moderate enantioselectivities.

Indole testZirconiumChemistryEnantioselective synthesischemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineAlkylationBenzoquinoneMedicinal chemistryFriedel–Crafts reactionCatalysisChemInform
researchProduct