Search results for "absorption."

showing 10 items of 2682 documents

Line broadening coefficient calculations for methane perturbed by nitrogen

2010

Abstract We report semiclassical line broadening calculations for methane perturbed by nitrogen at room temperature. For this, we have developed a symmetrized version of the Robert and Bonamy theory. The interaction potential was built from electrostatic (octopole and hexadecapole for methane, quadrupole for nitrogen) and atom–atom contributions. The relative (classical) trajectories of the molecules were computed in the frame of the usual parabolic model, through analytical formula. High orders of developments had to be used for the short range molecular interactions. As a consequence, a combination of symbolic computation and source code generation was employed to implement practical calc…

Line broadening coefficients010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAbsorption spectroscopyNitrogenSemiclassical physics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSpectral lineMethanechemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciences[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]Perturbation theoryPhysics::Chemical PhysicsSpectroscopy010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInfrared spectroscopySpectroscopy0105 earth and related environmental sciencesLine (formation)PhysicsRadiationAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]chemistryQuadrupoleAtomic physicsMethane
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The adenosine deaminase inhibitor erythro-9-[2-hydroxyl-3-nonyl]-adenine decreases intestinal permeability and protects against experimental sepsis: …

2008

Introduction The treatment of septic conditions in critically ill patients is still one of medicine's major challenges. Cyclic nucleotides, adenosine and its receptors play a pivotal role in the regulation of inflammatory responses and in limiting inflammatory tissue destruction. The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that adenosine deaminase-1 and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-stimulated phosphodiesterase inhibition by erythro-9-[2-hydroxyl-3-nonyl]-adenine could be beneficial in experimental endotoxicosis/sepsis. Method We used two established animal models for endotoxicosis and sepsis. Twenty-four male Wistar rats that had been given intravenous endotoxin (Escherichia coli l…

LipopolysaccharidesMaleLipopolysaccharideAdenosine DeaminasePharmacologyCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicinePermeabilitySepsisExcretionMicechemistry.chemical_compoundSepsisAdenosine Deaminase InhibitorsmedicineAnimalsProspective StudiesRats WistarPhosphodiesterase inhibitorIntestinal permeabilitybusiness.industrySeptic shockAdenineResearchmedicine.diseaseAdenosineRatsIntestinal AbsorptionchemistryImmunologyFemaleAdenosine Deaminase Inhibitorbusinessmedicine.drugCritical Care
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Heparin modulates the cellular uptake of nanomedicines

2021

Liposomal formulations are used to improve the safety and cellular absorption of conventional drugs by limiting their interaction with phagocytes. The uptake behaviour of these nanocarriers is affected by the blood composition, and accordingly the presence of an anticoagulant in the blood could have a critical impact on the efficiency of nanomedicines. For the negatively charged liposomes, such as AmBisome®, no significant change in the uptake could be observed when co-incubated with heparin and primary phagocytes. Yet, we observed that a peak of the uptake extent of cationic liposomes was reached at a clinically relevant concentration of heparin for phagocytes and cancer cells. Hence, we r…

Liposomemedicine.drug_classChemistryHeparinAnticoagulantBiomedical EngineeringAnticoagulantsAbsorption (skin)HeparinPharmacologyNanomedicineCationsCancer cellLiposomesmedicineNanomedicineHumansGeneral Materials ScienceCationic liposomeNanocarriersmedicine.drug
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Genetic susceptibility of increased intestinal permeability is associated with progressive liver disease and diabetes in patients with non-alcoholic …

2020

Abstract Background and aim Increased intestinal permeability plays a key role in the pathogenesis of fat deposition in the liver. The aim of our study was to assess whether a single nucleotide polymorphism of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) (rs2542151 T→G), involved in intestinal permeability, may be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods and results We recruited a prospective cohort of NAFLD subjects and matched controls. Clinical data, PTPN2 genotype and laboratory data were collected for each patient. Results were stratified according to liver histology and diabetes. We enrolled 566 cases and 377 co…

Liver CirrhosisMaleEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedicine (miscellaneous)030204 cardiovascular system & hematologySeverity of Illness IndexGastroenterologyLiver disease0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePrevalenceProspective StudiesProtein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 2Nutrition and Dieteticsmedicine.diagnostic_testFatty liverMiddle AgedPhenotypeItalyLiver biopsyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineAdultmedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA030209 endocrinology & metabolismIntestinal permeabilityPolymorphism Single NucleotideRisk AssessmentPermeability03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineGenetic susceptibilityHumansNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic Association Studiesbusiness.industryType 2 Diabetes Mellitusmedicine.diseaseCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Intestinal AbsorptionCase-Control StudiesSteatosisSteatohepatitisbusiness
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Validation of a semi-physiological model for caffeine in healthy subjects and cirrhotic patients.

2015

The objective of this paper was to validate a previously developed semi physiological model to simulate bioequivalence trials of drug products. The aim of the model was to ascertain whether the measurement of the metabolite concentration-time profiles would provide any additional information in bioequivalence studies (Fernandez-Teruel et al., 2009a,b; Navarro-Fontestad et al., 2010). The semi-physiological model implemented in NONMEM VI was used to simulate caffeine and its main metabolite plasma levels using caffeine parameters from bibliography. Data from 3 bioequivalence studies in healthy subjects at 3 different doses (100, 175 and 400mg of caffeine) and one study in cirrhotic patients …

Liver CirrhosisMetabolitePopulationPharmaceutical ScienceBioequivalencePharmacologyModels BiologicalIntestinal absorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundPharmacokineticsCaffeineMedicineHumansComputer SimulationeducationBiotransformationParaxanthineeducation.field_of_studyDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsHealthy VolunteersNONMEMchemistryIntestinal AbsorptionTherapeutic EquivalencyCentral Nervous System StimulantsCaffeinebusinessAlgorithmsEuropean journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Cross-lagged associations between study and work engagement dimensions during young adulthood

2014

The present four-wave longitudinal study investigated the cross-lagged associations between three study and work engagement dimensions (e.g. energy, absorption, and dedication) over the transition from post-comprehensive studies to higher education or work. Various antecedents (e.g. gender, GPA) and consequences (e.g. satisfaction in life, education and work, well-being, and educational outcomes) of the three engagement dimensions were also examined. The study is part of the longitudinal Finnish Educational Transitions (FinEdu) study, and followed 851 participants from age 17 to 23. The developmental dynamics showed that, in particular, students’ study- and work-related energy predicted fee…

Longitudinal studyHigher educationstudy and work engagementbusiness.industry4. EducationWork engagementEnergy (esotericism)media_common.quotation_subjectLife satisfactionAbsorption (psychology)dedicationFinnish young adultsDevelopmental psychologyWork (electrical)Feelinglife-satisfactionstudy and work transitionPsychologybusinessabsorptionSocial psychologyta515General Psychologyenergymedia_commonThe Journal of Positive Psychology
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An Ester-Substituted Iridium Complex for Efficient Vacuum-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

2009

An orange-red-emitting iridium complex (N958) was prepared, and its photophysical and device-based characteristics were investigated. Despite N958 displaying quite poor photophysical properties in solution (acetonitrile), organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices based on the complex exhibit an efficiency close to 10%.

LuminescenceMaterials scienceLightGeneral Chemical Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementEstersIridiumPhotochemistryEnergy conversionOrganic light-emitting diodesAbsorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundPhotophysicsGeneral EnergychemistryOrganometallic CompoundsOLEDEnvironmental ChemistryEnergy transformationGeneral Materials ScienceIridiumAcetonitrileElectrodesDiodeChemSusChem
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Luminescence and scintillation properties of Mg-codoped LuAG:Pr single crystals annealed in air

2017

Abstract The influence of the Mg 2+ codoping and annealing in the air on the scintillation and luminescence characteristics of Pr-doped lutetium-aluminum garnet crystals (LuAG) was studied to find a possible positive effect of Pr 4+ . The overall scintillation efficiency under X-ray excitation of the annealed Pr- doped samples decreased with increasing Mg concentration. This was explained by increased overlap of the Pr 3+ 5d-4f emission with the charge-transfer (CT) absorption band of the Pr 4+ ion stabilized by Mg 2+ . This absorption caused even greater decrease of the light yield, as the light is collected from the whole sample volume in the pulse-height spectrum measurement. Electron ce…

LuminescenceMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceChemistry(all)Scintillation; Pr4+BiophysicsAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences7. Clean energyBiochemistrylaw.inventionIonLutetium–aluminum garnetOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesElectron paramagnetic resonance010302 applied physicsScintillationbusiness.industryDopingGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAbsorption bandExcited stateCodoping0210 nano-technologybusinessLuminescenceJournal of Luminescence
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Effect of Mg 2+ ions co-doping on luminescence and defects formation processes in Gd 3 (Ga,Al) 5 O 12 :Ce single crystals

2017

The work was supported by the Institutional Research Funding IUT02-26 of the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research and the project 16-15569S of the Czech Science Foundation.

LuminescencePhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistryMg2+02 engineering and technologyCrystal structure01 natural sciencesInorganic ChemistryCe3+0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Electrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyMulticomponent garnets010302 applied physicsOrganic ChemistryDopingRadioluminescenceAtmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhotoexcitationCrystallographyAbsorption bandScintillatorsSingle crystals0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceOptical Materials
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The three-dimensional structure of Drosophila melanogaster (6–4) photolyase at room temperature

2021

A crystal structure of a photolyase at room temperature confirms the structural information obtained from cryogenic crystallography and paves the way for time-resolved studies of the photolyase at an X-ray free-electron laser.

MECHANISMMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyDNA repairfotobiologia02 engineering and technologyCrystal structureREPAIR ACTIVITY03 medical and health sciencesCOLI DNA PHOTOLYASEX-RAY-DIFFRACTIONCryptochromeStructural BiologyAnimalsserial crystallographyCRYSTAL-STRUCTURECRYPTOCHROMEPhotolyaseSERIAL FEMTOSECOND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesCrystallographyflavoproteinsFADResolution (electron density)TemperaturebanaanikärpänenDNAkidetiede(6-4) photolyase021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyResearch PapersRADICAL TRANSFER(6–4) photolyaseroom-temperature structureCrystallographyphotolyasesDrosophila melanogasterRECONSTITUTIONX-ray crystallography1182 Biochemistry cell and molecular biologylämpötilaproteiinit0210 nano-technologyDeoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-LyasePHOTOACTIVATIONVisible spectrumActa Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology
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