Search results for "absorption."

showing 10 items of 2682 documents

Drug release from alpha,beta-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide-based microparticles.

2004

Abstract Spherical pH-sensitive microparticles have been prepared by reverse phase suspension polymerization technique. Starting polymer has been α , β -poly( N -2-hydroxyethyl)- dl -aspartamide (PHEA) partially derivatized with glycidylmethacrylate (GMA). PHEA-GMA copolymer (PHG) has been crosslinked in the presence of acrylic acid (AA) or methacrylic acid (MA) at various concentration. The obtained microparticles have been characterized by FT-IR spectrophotometry, particle size distribution analysis and scanning electron microscopy. In order to have information about water affinity of the prepared samples, swelling measurements have been carried out in aqueous media which simulate some bi…

Materials scienceChemical structureBiophysicsDrug Evaluation PreclinicalMolecular ConformationBioengineeringAbsorptionBiomaterialsDiffusionchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsSpectrophotometryPolymer chemistrymedicineCopolymerParticle SizeAcrylic acidchemistry.chemical_classificationDrug Carriersmedicine.diagnostic_testWaterHydrogelsPolymerMicrospheresBody FluidschemistryMethacrylic acidPharmaceutical PreparationsMechanics of MaterialsDelayed-Action PreparationsCeramics and CompositesSuspension polymerizationSwellingmedicine.symptomPeptidesNuclear chemistryBiomaterials
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Development and evaluation of occlusive systems employing polyvinyl alcohol for transdermal delivery of sumatriptan succinate

2010

The aim of the present study was to develop a sumatriptan succinate transdermal system for applying migraine treatments efficiently and easily. For this system polyvinyl alcohol was employed as a matrix and Azone((R)) was added as a permeability enhancer. The physical characteristics, mechanical properties, and in vivo bioadhesion of the systems were evaluated, as was in vitro permeation across porcine skin. A uniform distribution of the drug in the matrix was observed, and moisture uptake values were constant. With regard to mechanical parameters, occlusive layer inclusion made the system more resistant, and no significant differences were detected with respect to other systems. Although A…

Materials scienceChemistry PharmaceuticalDrug CompoundingMigraine DisordersSkin AbsorptionPharmaceutical SciencePharmacologyAdministration CutaneousPolyvinyl alcoholPermeabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsDrug StabilityIn vivoSumatriptan SuccinatemedicineTechnology PharmaceuticalVasoconstrictor AgentsDrug InteractionsAntihypertensive AgentsTransdermalDrug CarriersSumatriptanAzepinesGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPermeationSerotonin Receptor AgonistsSumatriptanSolubilitychemistryPermeability (electromagnetism)Polyvinyl AlcoholPolyvinylsAzoneBiomedical engineeringmedicine.drugDrug Delivery
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Optical and magnetic properties of ZnCoO thin films synthesized by electrodeposition

2008

Ternary Zn1−xCoxO crystalline films with different compositions were grown by electrodeposition. The Co content in the final compound is linked to the initial Co/Zn ratio in the starting solution. X-ray diffraction reveals a wurtzite structure for the Zn1−xCoxO films. Transmittance spectra show two effects proportional to Co content, a redshift of the absorption edge and three absorption bands, which are both interpreted to be due to the Co incorporated into the ZnO lattice. The amount of deposited charge was used to get a precise control of the film thickness. Magnetic measurements point out that Co(II) ions are isolated from each other, and consequently the films are paramagnetic. Francis…

Materials scienceCobalt ; Electrodeposition ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Magnetic thin films ; Magnetisation ; Paramagnetic materials ; Semiconductor growth ; Semiconductor thin films ; Semimagnetic semiconductors ; Zinc compoundsParamagnetic materialsAnalytical chemistryUNESCO::FÍSICAGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiconductor thin filmsMagnetic semiconductorCobaltSemiconductor growthMagnetic susceptibilityMagnetic susceptibilityMagnetizationParamagnetismNuclear magnetic resonanceMagnetic thin filmsMagnetisationAbsorption edgeElectrodeposition:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Semimagnetic semiconductorsZinc compoundsThin filmTernary operationWurtzite crystal structure
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EDA: EXAFS data-analysis software package

2021

The EXAFS data-analysis software package EDA consists of a suite of programs running under a Windows operating system environment that is designed to perform all steps of conventional EXAFS data analysis such as extraction of the XANES/EXAFS parts of the X-ray absorption coefficient, Fourier filtering and EXAFS fitting using the Gaussian and cumulant models. The package also includes two advanced approaches which allow the reconstruction of the radial distribution function (RDF) from EXAFS based on the regularization-like method and the calculation of configuration-averaged EXAFS using a set of atomic configurations obtained from molecular-dynamics or Monte Carlo simulations.---- / / / ----…

Materials scienceComputer scienceGaussianCarry (arithmetic)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesMaximum entropy method02 engineering and technologyRadial distribution function01 natural sciencesComputational scienceSet (abstract data type)symbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Analysis softwareElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physics010302 applied physicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureComputer programImproved algorithmMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsXANESElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsEXAFSIBM PC compatibleMicrosoft Windowssymbols0210 nano-technology
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Cationic vacancies and anomalous spectral-weight transfer in Ti1−xTaxO2thin films studied via polarization-dependent near-edge x-ray absorption fine …

2013

We report the electronic structures of Ta-doped anatase TiO 2 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) with varying magnetization using a combination of first-principles calculations and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. The roles of Ta doping and Ti vacancies are clarified, and the observed room-temperature ferromagnetism is attributed to the localized magnetic moments at Ti vacancy sites ferromagnetically ordered by electron charge carriers. O K -edge spectra exhibit significant polarization dependence which is discussed and supported by first-principles calculations in relation to both the crystal symmetry and the formation of defects. In particula…

Materials scienceCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsXANESElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulsed laser depositionX-ray absorption fine structureCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationNuclear magnetic resonanceK-edgeFerromagnetismVacancy defectThin filmPhysical Review B
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Luminescence Center Excited State Absorption in Calcium and Zinc Tungsates

2002

The tungstate crystals are well known scintillators. The mechanism of luminescence center formation and the luminescence center model are under discussion today. The results of time-resolved spectroscopy of luminescence center in ZnWO4 and CaWO4 in wide temperature regions was presented. The luminescence and induced absorption under pulsed electron beam excitation (pulse duration 10 ns, 0.26 MeV) were studied. The experimental equipment used allows one to obtain the transient absorption spectra, luminescence decay kinetics and transient absorption relaxation times.

Materials scienceCondensed Matter::OtherRelaxation (NMR)Physics::OpticsScintillatorCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundTungstatechemistryUltrafast laser spectroscopyPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersAtomic physicsLuminescenceSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Excitation
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Excitons in SiO2: a review

1992

Abstract In this paper, excitonic properties of crystalline and glassy SiO 2 are reviewed. Experimental spectroscopic data (optical absorption and reflection spectra, as well as spectra of luminescence and its excitation), luminescence decay kinetics at different temperatures, and photoelectric properties — photoconductivity and photoelectron emission — were used to determine excitons in SiO 2 . Information on migration of excitons was obtained on the basis of energy transport to impurity luminescence centers, the latter being detectors of quasiparticles. Determination of excitonic properties in glassy SiO 2 was based on the comparison of the observed phenomena in crystalline and glassy mat…

Materials scienceCondensed Matter::Otherbusiness.industryExcitonPhotoconductivityPhotoelectric effectCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceChemical bondMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesQuasiparticleOptoelectronicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)businessLuminescenceBiexcitonJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Electronic structure and optical, mechanical, and transport properties of the pure, electron-doped, and hole-doped Heusler compound CoTiSb

2012

The Heusler compound CoTiSb was synthesized and investigated theoretically and experimentally with respect to electronic structure and optical, mechanical, and vibrational properties. The optical properties were investigated in a wide spectral range from 10 meV to 6.5 eV and compared with ab initio calculations. The optical spectra confirm the semiconducting nature of CoTiSb, with a strong exciton absorption at 1.83 eV. The calculated phonon dispersion as well as elastic constants verify the mechanical stability of CoTiSb in the cubic $C{1}_{b}$ system. Furthermore, solid solution series of CoTi${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$${M}_{x}$Sb ($M=\text{Sc}$, V and $0\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\le…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsAb initioFermi surfaceElectronic structureengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsHeusler compoundElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsSeebeck coefficientengineeringCoherent potential approximationAbsorption (logic)Physical Review B
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Temperature dependence of x-ray absorption spectra in the ferromagnetic Heusler alloysMn2VAlandCo2FeAl

2010

We investigate the temperature dependence of the spin-resolved unoccupied density of states (DOS) in ferromagnetic ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{FeAl}$ and ferrimagnetic ${\text{Mn}}_{2}\text{VAl}$ epitaxial films on MgO(100) using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. We observe an unexpected strong temperature dependence of the DOS beyond the change expected from the Fermi distribution function. An increase in spectral weight is observed for majority states below the Fermi energy in the case of ${\text{Mn}}_{2}\text{VAl}$ and for minority states above the Fermi energy in the case of ${\text{Co}}_{2}\text{FeAl}$. Reduced atomic order near the interface suppresses the unexpected temperature dependence…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsAbsorption spectroscopyMagnetic circular dichroismFEALFermi energyCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeFerromagnetismFerrimagnetismDensity of statessymbolsFermi–Dirac statisticsPhysical Review B
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Effect of annealing on Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5thin films: A magneto-optical and x-ray absorption study

2011

A series of Al and MgO-capped Co${}_{2}$FeAl${}_{0.5}$Si${}_{0.5}$ epitaxial thin films grown on MgO with various levels of L2${}_{1}$ ordering was obtained by in situ annealing. The films were studied by means of x-ray absorption spectroscopy, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometry, and Brillouin light scattering. We find the anisotropy constants decrease, while the spin wave stiffness increases as the samples are annealed to higher temperatures. The magnetization as determined by Brillouin light scattering reveals a maximum value at intermediate annealing temperatures. Surprisingly, the orbital-to-spin-moment ratio (as seen from XMCD) is essenti…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsAbsorption spectroscopybusiness.industryAnnealing (metallurgy)Magnetic circular dichroismCondensed Matter PhysicsLight scatteringElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBrillouin zoneCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetizationSpin waveCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityOptoelectronicsbusinessAnisotropyPhysical Review B
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