Search results for "absorption."
showing 10 items of 2682 documents
Ground-state magneto-optical resonances in cesium vapor confined in an extremely thin cell
2007
Experimental and theoretical studies are presented related to the ground-state magneto-optical resonance prepared in Cesium vapour confined in an Extremely Thin Cell (ETC, with thickness equal to the wavelength of the irradiating light). It is shown that the utilization of the ETC allows one to examine the formation of a magneto-optical resonance on the individual hyperfine transitions, thus distinguishing processes resulting in dark (reduced absorption) or bright (enhanced absorption) resonance formation. We report on an experimental evidence of the bright magneto-optical resonance sign reversal in Cs atoms confined in the ETC. A theoretical model is proposed based on the optical Bloch equ…
Observation of Coulomb-Assisted Nuclear Bound State of Ξ−–N14 System
2021
In an emulsion-counter hybrid experiment performed at J-PARC, a Ξ^{-} absorption event was observed which decayed into twin single-Λ hypernuclei. Kinematic calculations enabled a unique identification of the reaction process as Ξ^{-}+^{14}N→_{Λ}^{10}Be+_{Λ}^{5}He. For the binding energy of the Ξ^{-} hyperon in the Ξ^{-}-^{14}N system a value of 1.27±0.21 MeV was deduced. The energy level of Ξ^{-} is likely a nuclear 1p state which indicates a weak ΞN-ΛΛ coupling.
Bistable phase locking in a low fresnel number nondegenerate optical oscillator with injected signal
2011
Degenerate four-wave mixing oscillators are phase-bistable cavities. In such systems, above the oscillation threshold, two equivalent states, of equal intensities but opposite phases are generated. This phase bistability extends over the whole range of stable emission, unlike the intensity bistability (in, e.g. a saturable absorber cavity) that exits in a limited range of injection. When the cavity Fresnel number is large different patches of the beam transverse section can have different phases and a pattern forms. Basic patterns here are phase fronts (or domain walls), which are 1D structures separating regions with opposite phase that manifest as dark lines (as the phase jumps by p acros…
Experimental and theoretical study of band structure of InSe andIn1−xGaxSe(x<0.2)under high pressure: Direct to indirect crossovers
2001
This paper reports on the pressure dependence of the absorption edge of indium selenide and ${\mathrm{In}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{x}\mathrm{Se}$ alloys $(xl0.2)$ up to the pressure at which precursor effects of the phase transition prevent further transmission measurements. The absorption edge could be divided into three components exhibiting different pressure coefficients: one corresponding to a direct transition that could be analyzed through the Elliot-Toyozawa theory, and two supplementary edges with quadratic dependence on the photon energy. The first component is attributed to the direct transition at the Z point of the rhombohedral Brillouin zone. One of the quadratic abso…
Photoionization of Oriented Systems and Circular Dichroism
1996
Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a modification of normal absorption spectroscopy using circularly polarized light instead of unpolarized light for determining the difference in the absorption coefficients for right and left circularly polarized light, respectively, in optically active samples. Thus, there is nothing mysterious about CD spectroscopy. However, relative to most other spectroscopic techniques there seems to be a large psychological barrier in its application and at least physicists often regard CD, and optical activity in general, as a rather obscure technique without any useful application. There are some understandable reasons for this attitude, manifesting themselves…
Controlled type-I–type-II transition in GaAs/AlAs/AlxGa1−xAs double-barrier quantum wells
1997
We show that the insertion of extremely narrow AlAs layers in double-barrier GaAs/AlAs/${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$As quantum wells results in a variety of electronic configurations, thus providing a powerful tool for tailoring the electronic transitions in GaAs heterostructures. In particular, the transition from type-I to type-II recombination is shown to occur in correspondence with variations by a single monolayer in the thickness of the AlAs and/or GaAs layers. Drastic changes in the recombination lifetimes are correspondingly observed; at the same time, the photoluminescence efficiency is found to be almost independent of the type-I-…
Competition between carrier recombination and tunneling in quantum dots and rings under the action of electric fields
2008
6 páginas, 3 figuras.-- Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Physics of Light-Matter Coupling in Nanostructures.
Optical studies of gap, hopping energies, and the Anderson-Hubbard parameter in the zigzag-chain compoundSrCuO2
2001
We have investigated the electronic structure of the zig-zag ladder (chain) compound ${\mathrm{SrCuO}}_{2}$ combining polarized optical absorption, reflection, photoreflectance, and pseudo-dielectric-function measurements with the model calculations. These measurements yield an energy gap of 1.42 eV (1.77 eV) at 300 K along (perpendicular to) the Cu-O chains. We have found that the lowest-energy gap, the correlation gap, is temperature independent. The electronic structure of this oxide is calculated using both the local-spin-density approximation with gradient correction method and the tight-binding theory for the correlated electrons. The calculated density of electronic states for noncor…
Transverse nonlinear optics in heavy-metal-oxide glass
2008
6 pags. ; 9 figs.
Calculations of the ground and excited states ofF-type centers in corundum crystals
1994
The semiempirical intermediate neglect of differential overlap method was used for calculating optical properties of ${\mathit{F}}^{+}$ and F centers (oxygen vacancy trapped one and two electrons, respectively) embedded into large quantum clusters, ${\mathrm{Al}}_{26}$${\mathrm{O}}_{39}$. The geometry was optimized for both the ground and excited states of defects. Calculated absorption and luminescence energies obtained for ${\mathit{F}}^{+}$ and F centers are in good agreement with experimental data. Their energy levels lie in the gap between the upper valence band and conduction band, like for similar centers in MgO and alkali halides. It is shown that the oxygen vacancy in corundum crys…