Search results for "absorption"
showing 10 items of 2701 documents
Lung on a Chip Development from Off-Stoichiometry Thiol–Ene Polymer
2021
Institute of Solid-State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2. Finally, we would like to thank Biol. Kaspars Tars from Latvian Biomedical research and study center for giving us the opportunity to participate in this consortium and contribute to Latvian scientists’ effort in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Synthesis and photovoltaic performance of dihydrodibenzoazepine-based sensitizers with additional lateral anchor
2013
Three novel metal-free organic dyes with dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine as a donor and cyanoacrylic acid as an anchoring unit were designed as an innovative linear skeleton of D-D-pi-A type of organic dyes. The conversion efficiency of the derived dye-sensitized solar cells is moderate. Among them, the dye with a hydroxy group as an additional anchoring moiety exhibited the highest UV-Vis absorption with a maximum molar extinction coefficient of 24,136 M-1 cm(-1) at lambda(max) = 458 nm and the best photovoltaic performance with an overall power conversion efficiency of 4.88%, while the dye with a carboxy group as an additional anchoring moiety exhibited the lowest conversion efficiency (4.…
Quantitative analysis of the effect of controlled-release formulation on nonlinear gastrointestinal absorption of P-glycoprotein substrate talinolol …
2020
Abstract Oral absorption of talinolol, a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), from a sustained-release (SR) formulation was reportedly decreased compared to that from an immediate-release (IR) formulation. The aim of this study was to predict and understand the effect of controlled-release formulation on the oral absorption of P-gp substrates by developing a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) absorption model incorporating multiple kinetic parameters obtained from in vitro studies, using talinolol as a model substrate. Simulation analysis using the developed PBPK absorption model indicated that the clinically observed marked decrease in the plasma concentration of talinolol adminis…
Effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion on plant sterols and their oxides in enriched beverages
2013
Abstract This study evaluates the bioaccessibility (percentage of soluble compound available for absorption) of plant sterols (PS) and their oxides (phytosterol oxidation products, POPs) after simulated gastrointestinal digestion in fruit (Fb), milk (M) and fruit-based milk beverages with (FbM a ) or without (FbM b ) tangerine juice. In beverages and their bioaccessible fraction (BF), campesterol, campestanol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and sitostanol were detected. Bioaccessibility of total PS ranged between 2.62 and 6.48%, FbM b yielding the highest value, followed by FbM a > Fb > M. Campesterol/campestanol were the most bioaccessible PS. Only oxides of β-sitosterol were detected in beve…
Estimation of ADME Properties in Drug Discovery: Predicting Caco-2 Cell Permeability Using Atom-Based Stochastic and Non-stochastic Linear Indices
2007
The in vitro determination of the permeability through cultured Caco-2 cells is the most often-used in vitro model for drug absorption. In this report, we use the largest data set of measured P(Caco-2), consisting of 157 structurally diverse compounds. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to obtain quantitative models that discriminate higher absorption compounds from those with moderate-poorer absorption. The best LDA model has an accuracy of 90.58% and 84.21% for training and test set. The percentage of good correlation, in the virtual screening of 241 drugs with the reported values of the percentage of human intestinal absorption (HIA), was greater than 81%. In addition, multiple …
Adaptive Processes Concerned with Absorption and Metabolism of Xylitol
1969
The turnover rate of a monosaccharide or poly alcohol in most cases depends on the mode of application. With the exception of glucose or galactose carbohydrates are metabolized faster after intravenous application than after oral application. This shows, that absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract is a rate limiting factor. Dealing with adaptive processes we therefore have to be concerned with absorptive mechanisms on one hand and enzymatic reactions in the cellular metabolism on the other hand.
A Simple System Based on a Thiourea-Modified Fluorescein for ω-Amino Acid Discrimination
2015
A thiourea-modified fluorescein derivative was synthesized by reaction of fluorescein isothiocyanate with 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethan-1-ol. UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy studies demonstrated that this heteroditopic receptor was able to discriminate among linear aliphatic ω-amino acids with different chain lengths.
Effect of cooking on oxalate content of pulses using an enzymatic procedure.
2003
An enzymatic method proposed for the determination of oxalate in urine is adapted for the estimation of soluble oxalate content in beans, chickpeas and lentils. Oxalates were extracted in water by refluxing for 2 h. The method is based on the oxidation of oxalate by the oxidase and the determination of the resulting hydrogen peroxide, which in presence of peroxidase, 3-methyl-2 benzotiazinolone and 3-dimethylamino benzoic, gives an indamine compound with an absorption maximum at 590 nm. The linearity (from 0.015 to 0.6 mM) of the method is adequate to the analysis of oxalate contents in pulses, and the inter-day precision of the method expressed as relative standard deviation was good (3.01…
Physiologische Wirkungen und Stoffwechsel dimerer Fettsäuren
1964
Die langfristige Verfutterung von 5% dimeren Fettsauren entspr. rund 1,5 g/kg Korpergewicht (bezogen auf das Endgewicht) ergab toxische Wirkungen: Wachstumsverzogerungen, verschlechterte Futterefficiency, Verschlechterung des Grundumsatzes, Senkung der Korpertemperatur, Storung der Leberfunktion und Ablagerung eines abnormen Pigments im RES und in Organzellen.
Evidence of competitive inhibition for the intestinal absorption of baclofen by phenylalanine
1996
Abstract Previous studies showed that the absorption of the antispastic drug baclofen, in the rat middle intestine, is inhibited by β-alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and leucine. It was concluded that baclofen intestinal transport was mediated, at least in part, by the β-, γ- and α-amino acid carriers. We therefore focused our next studies on the analysis of the possible inhibition of drug absorption by an aromatic α-amino acid model compound, phenylalanine. An in situ study in the rat small intestine was undertaken in order to evaluate the effect of phenylalanine on baclofen absorption and to establish the inhibition model. Assays using isotonic perfusion solutions of 0.5 mM baclofen w…