Search results for "accident"

Promoting health in everyday settings: Opportunities and challenges

2014

ESR response of watch glasses to neutron irradiation

2012

Abstract In this paper we report the results of the electron spin resonance (ESR) study of the radiation-induced signal of watch glasses exposed to neutrons. This work extends the series of analyses of the response of watch glasses to various radiation beams which our research group is carrying out for possible applications in retrospective dosimetry. We have considered fluences up to about 3 × 1011 cm−2. We evaluated the signal fading and we found that in the first hours after exposure the signal rapidly decreases. After about 1000 h, it decreases much more slowly. The signal was reduced by about 25% in about 5 months. The radiation induced signal is found to be linearly dependent on neutr…

Fuzzy modelling of HEART methodology: application in safety analyses of accidental exposure in irradiation plants

2009

The present paper refers to the obtained results by using Fuzzy Fault Tree analyses of accidental scenarios which entail the potential exposure of operators working in irradiation industrial plants. For these analyses the HEART methodology, a first generation of the Human Reliability Analysis method, has been employed to evaluate the probability of human erroneous actions. This technique has been modified by us on the basis of fuzzy set concept to more directly take into account the uncertainties of the so called error-promoting factors, on which the method is grounded. The results allow also to provide some recommendations on procedures and safety equipments to reduce the radiological expo…

Spatial risks and complex systems: methodological perspectives

2007

Research on risk and industrial catastrophes question the complexity theories. Besides the concepts of complexity which lead us to reconsider concepts of risk, hazard and vulnerability, we propose to think about more practical aspects, for example the modelling of human behaviour in crisis situations. The link between concepts as critical self-organization, emergence, bifurcation, and the methods in the Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) used to model them is however difficult. In this paper, we present ongoing analysis on the key concepts of risk science, such as hazards and catastrophes. We propose to enrich them with complex systems theories. First, we present methodological persp…

Forecasting Adverse Weather Situations in the Road Network

2016

Weather is an important factor that affects traffic flow and road safety. Adverse weather situations affect the driving conditions directly; hence, drivers must be informed about the weather conditions downstream to adapt their driving. In the framework of intelligent transport systems, several systems have been developed to know the weather situations and inform drivers. However, these systems do not forecast weather in advance, and they need the support of road operators to inform drivers. This paper presents a new autonomous system to forecast weather conditions in a short time and to give users the information obtained. The system uses a set of algorithms and rules to determine the weat…

Standing Together or Falling Apart? Understanding Employees’ Responses to Organizational Identity Threats

2020

How do employees respond to organizational identity threats? Despite its theoretical and practical importance, this question has had surprisingly little research devoted to it. In particular, evide...

Risk of Hospitalized Falls and Hip Fractures in 22,103 Older Adults Receiving Mental Health Care vs 161,603 Controls: A Large Cohort Study.

2020

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the risk of hospitalized fall or hip fracture among older adults using mental health services. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting and Participants: Residents of a South London catchment aged >60 years receiving specialist mental health care between 2008 and 2016. Measures: Falls and/or a hip fracture leading to hospitalization were ascertained from linked national records. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were age- and gender-standardized to the catchment population. Multivariable survival analyses were applied investigating falls and/or hip fractures as outcomes. Results: In 22,103 older adults, incidence rates were 60.1 per 100…

[Psychomotor disadaptation syndrome].

2014

We describe the psychomotor disadaptation syndrome and report the last findings on its physiopathology and therapeutic. This syndrome was first described by Pr Gaudet's team in 1986 and named "psychomotor regression syndrome". This name has been recently changed into "psychomotor disadaptation syndrome".The psychomotor disadaptation syndrome is a decompensation of postural function, gait and psychomotor automatisms due to the alteration of the posture and motor programming. That alteration is linked to subcortical-frontal lesions. Clinically, the psychomotor disadaptation syndrome is characterized by postural impairments (retro-propulsion or backward disequilibrium), non-specific gait disor…

Doing One’s Best, Alternative Possibilities, and Blameworthiness

2014

En este trabajo me propongo principalmente mejorar y dar un apoyo mas firme a una defensa del Principio de Posibilidades Alternativas (PPA) frente a los casos Frankfurt que propuse en trabajos anteriores. En el presente articulo concentro mi atencion en un reciente y famoso caso Frankfurt, �Evasion de impuestos�, disenado por Derk Pereboom. Tras presentar los aspectos esenciales de mi defensa del PPA y aplicarlos al caso de Pereboom, considero distintas objeciones que han sido (o podrian ser) planteadas a dicha defensa y sostengo que no tienen exito. Concluyo senalando que mi critica al ejemplo de Pereboom sugiere una estrategia general contra otros casos Frankfurt, tanto posibles como efec…

Is unintentional doping real, or just an excuse?

2017

Although some athletes who engage in doping do so willingly in order to gain an unfair advantage (ie, ‘to cheat’), the possibility of athletes doping inadvertently or unintentionally cannot be discounted. In this article, we aim to address common misconceptions of the notion of ‘unintentional doping’, and discuss this topic with reference to statistics, reports and recommendations (eg, anti-doping codes) produced by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), together with evidence from recent empirical research. Unintentional doping (also known as ‘inadvertent’ or ‘accidental’ doping) refers to the accidental consumption of performance-enhancing substances included on WADA’s banned list.1 It ofte…