Search results for "accumulation"

Measuring mutagenicity in ecotoxicology: A case study of Cd exposure in Chironomus riparius.

2021

Abstract Existing mutagenicity tests for metazoans lack the direct observation of enhanced germline mutation rates after exposure to anthropogenic substances, therefore being inefficient. Cadmium (Cd) is a metal described as a mutagen in mammalian cells and listed as a group 1 carcinogenic and mutagenic substance. But Cd mutagenesis mechanism is not yet clear. Therefore, in the present study, we propose a method coupling short-term mutation accumulation (MA) lines with subsequent whole genome sequencing (WGS) and a dedicated data analysis pipeline to investigate if chronic Cd exposure on Chironomus riparius can alter the rate at which de novo point mutations appear. Results show that Cd exp…

Chromatin structure influences rate and spectrum of spontaneous mutations in Neurospora crassa

2023

While mutation rates have been extensively studied, variation in mutation rates throughout the genome is poorly understood. To understand patterns of genetic variation, it is important to understand how mutation rates vary. Chromatin modifications may be an important factor in determining variation in mutation rates in eukaryotic genomes. To study variation in mutation rates, we performed a mutation accumulation experiment in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, and sequenced the genomes of the 40 MA lines that had been propagated asexually for approximately 1015 [1003, 1026] mitoses. We detected 1322 mutations in total, and observed that the mutation rate was higher in regions of low …

Using the Trace Element Contents in Bronchoalveolar Lavages to Probe the Human Exposure to Inhaled Particulates

2013

Explosive volcanic eruptions eject large volumes of high surface area, metal-rich dust and ash into the atmosphere. In areas near major volcanic eruptions, humans often interact with these materials and may bioaccumulate heavy and toxic metals. To evaluate these interactions, we examine bronchoalveolar lavage samples (BAL) collected from people exposed to the paroxysmal 2001 Etna eruption. BAL samples reveal a strong enrichment of many toxic heavy metals and the capacity for trace elements released from inhaled particles to induce crystallisation of phosphatic microcryst biominerals in intraaveolar spaces. BAL rare earth element (REE) concentration patterns normalised to shale reveal a ‘V-s…

Biokumulacja pierwiastków w grzybach wielkoowocnikowych - przegląd wybranej literatury

2017

Celem pracy było dokonanie analizy bibliometrycznej wybranych publikacji dotyczących akumulacji pierwiastków w grzybach wielkoowocnikowych (ektomikoryzowych i saprofitycznych) występujących na terenie Europy. Analizie poddano wybrane publikacje z lat 2001-2016 dostępne poprzez serwisy, np.: Springer, Science Direct i Web of Science. Przeanalizowano m.in. akumulowane mikro- i makropierwiastki, miejsca prowadzenia badań oraz typ badań (m.in. badania in situ, badania laboratoryjne). W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań literaturowych stwierdzono, że temat translokacji pierwiastków do grzybów wielkoowocnikowych jest nadal aktualny i cieszy się dużym zainteresowaniem naukowców z wielu krajów europejs…

Ojituksen ja ennallistamisen aiheuttamat muutokset kasvilajistossa ja –yhteisöissä

2013

Verkostonäkökulma ennallistamiskohteiden valinnassa

2013

Verkostonäkökulma korostuu vahvasti luonnonsuojelun suunnittelussa Suomessa ja maailmalla. Suojelualueita ei voi nähdä yksittäisinä eristyneinä alueina, vaan luonnonsuojelualueiden verkosto ja koko ympäröivä maisema ylläpitävät yhdessä tietyn alueen eliölajistoa. Parhaiden alueiden kytkeytyvyyden varmistamista ja verkostojen ylläpitämistä on myös ehdotettu ratkaisuksi biodiversiteetin säilyttämiselle, kun ilmastonmuutos pakottaa lajeja siirtymään uusille asuinalueille. Verkostonäkökulma kannattaa huomioida myös ennallistamiskohteiden valinnassa – mikä ei kuitenkaan ole yksiselitteistä ja helppoa. nonPeerReviewed

Ekosysteemin ennallistamisen ja luonnonhoidon ekologia

2013

Removal of Fe(III) from synthetic wastewater into raw and modified clay: Experiments and models fitting

2017

Water pollution by heavy metal ions has become a serious environmental issue especially due to their toxicity and tendency to bioaccumulation. Natural smectite clay was treated using sulfuric acid ...

Evidence of lipofuscin accumulation in the deep-water red shrimp Aristaeomorpha foliacea (Risso, 1827)

2008

Lipofuscin, a non-degradable, degenerative fluorescent pigment which accumulates in post-mitotic cells, represents a promising method for ageing marine crustaceans. The presence and accumulation of lipofuscin has been studied in the deep-water red shrimp Aristaeomorpha foliacea (Risso, 1827) to assess its use as a tool for ageing larger (i.e., older) specimens and thus improve knowledge of the growth and longevity of this species. Specimens, gathered during experimental trawl surveys carried out in the Strait of Sicily (Mediterranean Sea), were stored directly on-board in 10% buffered formaldehyde solution; their brain was thereafter removed, prepared with various current histological techn…

Increasing temperature and productivity change biomass, trophic pyramids and community‐level omega‐3 fatty acid content in subarctic lake food webs

2021

Climate change in the Arctic is outpacing the global average and land-use is intensifying due to exploitation of previously inaccessible or unprofitable natural resources. A comprehensive understanding of how the joint effects of changing climate and productivity modify lake food web structure, biomass, trophic pyramid shape and abundance of physiologically essential biomolecules (omega-3 fatty acids) in the biotic community is lacking. We conducted a space-for-time study in 20 subarctic lakes spanning a climatic (+3.2 degrees C and precipitation: +30%) and chemical (dissolved organic carbon: +10 mg/L, total phosphorus: +45 mu g/L and total nitrogen: +1,000 mu g/L) gradient to test how temp…