Search results for "acetazolamide"

Acetazolamide treatment for infantile central sleep apnea.

2001

Central sleep apnea is a common respiratory pattern in healthy neonates. Nevertheless, frequent central sleep apnea associated with drops in oxygen saturation may contribute to infantile morbidity. Recently, low-dose acetazolamide was shown to reduce symptomatic central sleep apnea in adults. We treated 12 infants, median conceptional age 42 weeks (range, 40-44 weeks), with central sleep apnea. In all cases, the central apnea index was >40/h total sleeping time (apnea ≥ 3 sec). The cumulative duration of drops in oxygen saturation below 90% was more than 3 min/h total sleeping time. All individuals received acetazolamide 7 mg/kg/day (orally, divided in three doses) for 11 weeks. Polysomn…

Carbonic anhydrase activity in a calcium-mobilizing epithelium of the crustacean Orchestia cavimana during molting

1987

We investigated the involvement of the enzyme, carbonic anhydrase, in the calcification-decalcification processes occurring in the posterior caeca of the midgut of the terrestrial crustacean, Orchestia cavimana, before and after exuviation. This enzyme was ultrahistochemically localized throughout the membranes of the caecal epithelium as well as extracellularly, i.e., within pre-exuvial calcareous concretions and postexuvial calcified spherules. During the molt cycle, the pattern of carbonic anhydrase activity in the posterior caeca was correlated with the calcium content at this level. Acetazolamide treatment in vivo inhibited about 50% of the calcium uptake during both pre-exuvial secret…

Efficacy and safety of preoperative IOP reduction using a preservative-free fixed combination of dorzolamide/timolol eye drops versus oral acetazolam…

2017

Introduction To demonstrate that preoperative treatment for 28 days with topical dorzolamide/timolol is non-inferior (Δ = 4 mm Hg) to oral acetazolamide and topical dexamethasone (standard therapy) in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction 3 and 6 months after trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients. Materials and methods Sixty-two eyes undergoing trabeculectomy with mitomycin C were included in this monocentric prospective randomized controlled study. IOP change between baseline and 3 months post-op was defined as the primary efficacy variable. Secondary efficacy variables included the number of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) injections, needlings, suture lyses, preoperative IOP change, hyperten…

Significance of resting and stimulated cerebral blood flow for predicting the risk of hemodynamic cerebral ischemia in a model of chronic hemodynamic…

2000

OBJECTIVE: It has been postulated that patients with a compromised cerebrovascular reserve capacity (RC), defined as cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to acetazolamide (ACZ) (by percent), are at higher risk for ischemic stroke. The value of CBF and RC for predicting the risk of hemodynamically induced impairment of cerebral function is examined. METHODS: Both common carotid arteries were occluded in 22 Wistar-Kyoto rats. Thirty-one days later, mean arterial blood pressure was reduced to 40 mm Hg for 30 minutes. Laser Doppler scanning of CBF at resting conditions and after intraperitoneal administration of ACZ (0.1 mg/g body weight) was performed 30 minutes and 28 days after occlusion as we…

Use of acetazolamide in the treatment of patients with refractory congestive heart failure

2018

Aims Optimal diuretic treatment of patients with refractory congestive heart failure (CHF) remains to be elucidated. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the serial changes of functional class and surrogates of fluid overload (weight and antigen carbohydrate 125) after addition of oral acetazolamide in patients with refractory CHF. Likewise, serial changes in renal function, serum electrolytes and pH were evaluated. Method This is an observational retrospective study in which 25 ambulatory patients with refractory CHF that received acetazolamide in addition to standard intensive diuretic strategy were evaluated. Longitudinal assessment of New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class and…

Efficacy And Tolerability of Acetazolamide in Migraine Prophylaxis and Klinefelter Syndrome: A Case Report

2013

P390 Efficacy and Tolerability of Acetazolamide in Migraine Prophylaxis and Klinefelter Syndrome: A Case Report R. Nardello1, P. Glorioso1, M. Saladino1, M. Moscarelli1, A. Fontana1, S. Mangano1 1Dipartimento di Scienze per la Promozione della Salute e Materno Infantile ‘‘G. D’Alessandro’’, University of Palermo, Palermo, PA, Italy. Objectives: We describe an interesting case of migraine headaches with aura in a 47, XXY male Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) intreatment with Acetazolamide and resolutionof symptoms. Background: A 16-year-old boy presented to the outpatient clinic migraine headaches throbbing, onset evening that lasts for a week and is presented once a month with aura, associated wit…

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with topical NSAID therapy to manage cystoid macular edema in a case of gyrate atrophy

2017

Purpose Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina (GACR) is a rare chorioretinal dystrophy characterized by a deficiency of the enzyme ornithine aminotransferase, inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Case Report We report a case of a 17-year-old girl with GACR, for whom the level of serum ornithine had been reduced by an arginine-restricted diet. The patient was responsive to an association of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) to reduce cystoid macular edema (CME). Conclusions The efficacy of topical NSAIDs and systemic CAI association indicates that the imbalance in the distribution of retinal pigment epithelium membrane-b…

Wirkungen von Acetazolamid, Chlorothiazid und Chlormerodrin auf die Clearance von Inulin, echtem endogenen Kreatinin, PAH und Harnstoff. Abgrenzung n…

1959

Possible Role of Glymphatic System of the Brain in the Pathogenesis of High-Altitude Cerebral Edema

2018

Simka, Marian, Paweł Latacz, and Joanna Czaja. Possible role of glymphatic system of the brain in the pathogenesis of high-altitude cerebral edema. High Alt Med Biol. 19:394–397, 2018.—In this article, we suggest that the glymphatic system of the brain can play an important role in the pathogenesis of high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). Water enters the intercellular space of the brain primarily through aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) water channels, the main component of the glymphatic system, whereas acetazolamide, pharmacological agent used in the prevention of HACE, is the blocker of the AQP-4 molecule. In animal experiments, cerebral edema caused by hypobaric hypoxia was associated with an increa…

Determination of acetazolamide in human urine samples by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in the presence of xanthines.

1992

A simple, rapid and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the determination of acetazolamide in urine samples is described. After extraction with ethyl acetate, the drug is chromatographed on an HP-Hypersil ODS-C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (pH 3) and ultraviolet detection at 275 nm. The efficiency of the extraction, the linearity and the reproducibility of the method permit the evaluation of acetazolamide urinary excretion a long time after its administration.