Search results for "acids"
showing 10 items of 3520 documents
Using NMR in saliva to identify possible biomarkers of glioblastoma and chronic periodontitis
2018
Nowadays there is increasing interest in identifying-and using-metabolites that can be employed as biomarkers for diagnosing, treating and monitoring diseases. Saliva and NMR have been widely used for this purpose as they are fast and inexpensive methods. This case-control study aimed to find biomarkers that could be related to glioblastoma (GBL) and periodontal disease (PD) and studied a possible association between GBL and periodontal status. The participants numbered 130, of whom 10 were diagnosed with GBL and were assigned to the cases group, while the remaining 120 did not present any pathology and were assigned to the control group. On one hand, significantly increased (p < 0.05) meta…
Tumor Lipids of Pediatric Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma Stimulate Unconventional T Cells
2020
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is a rare entity in children with no established therapy protocols for advanced diseases. Immunotherapy is emerging as an important therapeutic tool for childhood cancer. Tumor cells can be recognized and killed by conventional and unconventional T cells. Unconventional T cells are able to recognize lipid antigens presented via CD1 molecules independently from major histocompatibility complex, which offers new alternatives for cancer immunotherapies. The nature of those lipids is largely unknown and α-galactosylceramide is currently used as a synthetic model antigen. In this work, we analyzed infiltrating lymphocytes of two pediatric PRCCs using flow cy…
Combining Dietary Sulfur Amino Acid Restriction with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake in Humans: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
2018
Dietary and plasma total cysteine (tCys) have been associated with adiposity, possibly through interaction with stearoyl&ndash
Clinical application of embryo aneuploidy testing by next-generation sequencing
2019
Abstract We review here the evolution in the field of embryo aneuploidy testing over the last 20 years, from the analysis of a subset of chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridisation to the transition toward a more comprehensive analysis of all 24 chromosomes. This current comprehensive aneuploidy testing most commonly employs next-generation sequencing (NGS). We present our experience in over 130 000 embryo biopsies using this technology. The incidence of aneuploidy was lower in trophectoderm biopsies compared to cleavage-stage biopsies. We also confirmed by NGS that embryo aneuploidy rates increased with increasing maternal age, mostly attributable to an increase in complex aneuploid …
Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 augments damage by impairing fibrinolysis after traumatic brain injury
2019
Objective Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the key endogenous inhibitor of fibrinolysis, and enhances clot formation after injury. In traumatic brain injury, dysregulation of fibrinolysis may lead to sustained microthrombosis and accelerated lesion expansion. In the present study, we hypothesized that PAI-1 mediates post-traumatic malfunction of coagulation, with inhibition or genetic depletion of PAI-1 attenuating clot formation and lesion expansion after brain trauma. Methods We evaluated PAI-1 as a possible new target in a mouse controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of traumatic brain injury. We performed the pharmacological inhibition of PAI-1 with PAI-039 and stimulation b…
Epigenetic outlier profiles in depression: A genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of monozygotic twins
2018
Recent discoveries highlight the importance of stochastic epigenetic changes, as indexed by epigenetic outlier DNA methylation signatures, as a valuable tool to understand aberrant cell function and subsequent human pathology. There is evidence of such changes in different complex disorders as diverse as cancer, obesity and, to a lesser extent, depression. The current study was aimed at identifying outlying DNA methylation signatures of depressive psychopathology. Here, genome-wide DNA methylation levels were measured (by means of Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip) in peripheral blood of thirty-four monozygotic twins informative for depressive psychopathology (lifetime DSM-IV d…
Dark exposure affects plasticity-related molecules and interneurons throughout the visual system during adulthood
2020
Several experimental manipulations, including visual deprivation, are able to induce critical period-like plasticity in the visual cortex of adult animals. In this regard, many studies have analyzed the effects of dark exposure in adult animals, but still little is known about the role of interneurons and plasticity-related molecules on such mechanisms. In this study, we analyzed the effects of 10 days of dark exposure on the connectivity and structure of interneurons, both in the primary visual cortex and in the rest of cerebral regions implicated in the transmission of visual stimulus. We found that this environmental manipulation induces changes in the expression of synaptic molecules th…
Effects of short-term methionine and cysteine restriction and enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids on oral glucose tolerance, plasma amino aci…
2021
Abstract Objective In this 7-day pilot study we randomized healthy, normal-weight men and women to either a dietary intervention with methionine and cysteine restriction enriched in PUFA (Met/Cyslow + PUFA, n = 7) or with high contents of methionine, cysteine and SFA (Met/Cyshigh + SFA, n = 7). The objective was to describe the short-term responses in oral glucose tolerance, amino acid profile, total fatty acid profile, pyruvate and lactate following a Met/Cyslow + PUFA diet vs. Met/Cyshigh + SFA. Results The diet groups consisted of five women and two men, aged 20–38 years. After the 7-d intervention median pre- and post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose concentrations were 5 mmol…
Masturbation to Orgasm Stimulates the Release of the Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol in Humans
2017
Abstract Background Endocannabinoids are critical for rewarding behaviors such as eating, physical exercise, and social interaction. The role of endocannabinoids in mammalian sexual behavior has been suggested because of the influence of cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists on rodent sexual activity. However, the involvement of endocannabinoids in human sexual behavior has not been studied. Aim To investigate plasma endocannabinoid levels before and after masturbation in healthy male and female volunteers. Outcomes Plasma levels of the endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), anandamide, the endocannabinoid-like lipids oleoyl ethanolamide and palmitoyl ethanolamide, arachido…
Fatty Acids Composition of Blood Cell Membranes and Peripheral Inflammation in the PREDIMED Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
2019
There is limited evidence from epidemiological studies for the inflammatory or anti-inflammatory properties of fatty acids in blood cell membranes. Therefore, this study examined associations between baseline (n = 282) and 1-year (n = 143) changes in the levels of fatty acids in blood cell membranes with circulating inflammatory markers in older adults at high cardiovascular risk. The data for this cross-sectional analysis was obtained from a case-control study within the PREDIMED study. Linear regression with elastic net penalty was applied to test associations between measured fatty acids and inflammatory markers. Several fatty acids were associated with interferon-&gamma