Search results for "acids"
showing 10 items of 3520 documents
The insectivorous batPipistrellus nathusiiuses a mixed-fuel strategy to power autumn migration
2012
In contrast to birds, bats are possibly limited in their capacity to use body fat as an energy source for long migrations. Here, we studied the fuel choice of migratoryPipistrellus nathusii(approximate weight: 8 g) by analysing the stable carbon isotope ratio (δ13CV-PDB) of breath and potential energy sources. Breathδ13CV-PDBwas intermediate betweenδ13CV-PDBof insect prey and adipocyte triacylglycerols, suggesting a mixed-fuel use ofP. nathusiiduring autumn migration. To clarify the origin of oxidized fatty acids, we performed feeding experiments with captiveP. nathusii. After an insect diet, bat breath was enriched in13C relative to the bulk and fat portion of insects, but not deviating fr…
Generation and characterization of three monoclonal IgM antiphospholipid antibodies recognizing different phospholipid antigens.
2005
Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLs) might be involved in the pathogenesis of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). This study analyzes the structural characteristics of monoclonal APLs derived from patients with this disease. Patient-derived B cells were immortalized using Epstein-Barr virus transformation and subsequent fusion to the myeloma cell line CB-F7. APL-producing hybridomas were cloned to obtain cell lines producing monoclonal APL. DNA encoding the variable region of heavy and light chains of the antibodies was sequenced and analyzed regarding their usage within the V-gene family and the existence of somatic hypermutation. Binding patterns of APL to various phospholipids and beta-2-…
Biosynthesis and transformation of 20α 21-dihydroxycholesterol by rat adrenal preparations
1979
Abstract The biosynthesis of [ 3 H]-20α, 21 dihydroxycholestderol from [ 3 H]-20α-hydroxycholesterol and its transformation to [ 3 H]-21-hydroxypregnenolone by rat adrenal preparations has been demonstrated. 20α-Hydroxycholesterol was transformed to 20α, 21-dihydroxycholesterol by microsomal preparations in the presence of NADPH and 20α-21-dihydroxycholesterol was metabolized to 21-hydroxypregnenolone by mitochondrial preparations in the presence of a NADPH-generating-system. Comparison of the Michaelis-Menten-Kinetics of the steps “20α, 21-dihydroxycholesterol → 21-hydroxycholesterol” and “20α-hydroxycholesterol → pregnenolone” revealed that both compounds behaved as analogue substrates of…
Argatroban for elective percutaneous coronary intervention: The ARG-E04 multi-center study
2011
The synthetic arginine-derived direct thrombin inhibitor argatroban is an attractive anticoagulant for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), because of its rapid onset and offset, and its hepatic elimination. Argatroban was approved for PCI in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). However, there are limited data about argatroban in non-HIT patients. The objective of this open-label, multiple-dose, controlled study was to examine the safety and efficacy of argatroban in patients undergoing elective PCI.Of 140 patients randomized to three argatroban dose groups (ARG250, ARG300, and ARG350 with 250, 300, or 350 μg/kg bolus, followed by 15, 20, or 25 μg/kg/min infusion) and …
Management of homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia in two brothers
2018
Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH) is a rare, genetic disorder of abnormally high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) requiring aggressive interventions to retard the evolution of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We treated two brothers (ages 46 years and 47 years) with HoFH with statins, lipoproteinapheresis (LA) and the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor lomitapide. Both brothers carried the p.Thr434Arg homozygous LDLR mutation and had childhood total cholesterol levels >700 mg/dL. Inter-LA LDL-C levels remained high; therefore, they were given escalating doses of oral lomitapide (5–10 mg/day). One brother was able to maintain LDL-C l…
Changes of peroxisomal fatty acid metabolism during cold acclimatization in hibernating jerboa (Jaculus orientalis)
2003
Abstract Jerboa (Jaculus orientalis) is a deep hibernator originating from sub-desert highlands and represents an excellent model to help to understand the incidence of seasonal variations of food intake and of body as well as environmental temperatures on lipid metabolism. In jerboa, hibernation processes are characterized by changes in the size of mitochondria, the number of peroxisomes in liver and in the expression of enzymes linked to fatty acid metabolism. In liver and kidney, cold acclimatization shows an opposite effect on the activities of the mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (–50%) and the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX) (+50%), while in brown and white adipose tissues, bot…
Statin Treatment and Prognosis of Elderly Patients Discharged after Non-ST Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
2019
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Statins are recommended for secondary prevention. Our aims were to describe the proportion of very elderly patients receiving statins after non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NST-ACS) and to determine the prognostic implications of statins use. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This prospective registry was performed in 44 hospitals that included patients ≥80 years discharged after a NST-ACS from April 2016 to September 2016. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We included 523 patients, the mean age was 84.2 ± 4.0 years and 200 patients (38.2%) were women. Previous statin treatment was recorded in 282 p…
An innovative lipid-lowering approach to enhance attainment of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goals
2020
Aims To improve attainment of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) targets, an expert group proposed an algorithm for lipid-lowering therapy during hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome and during follow-up. We aimed to assess adherence to this algorithm, and evaluate its impact on LDL-c levels and on attainment of therapeutic LDL-c targets in a population of post-acute coronary syndrome patients. Methods and results Prospective, observational study including patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome between February 2017 and September 2018. Patients admitted without statins or ezetimibe were considered ‘naïve’. Baseline LDL-c was admission LDL-c in naïve patients, and for those taking lipid-…
Evaluation of antidiuretic hormone before and after long-term treatment with desmopressin in a group of enuretic children
1998
Objective To determine the effect of long-term desmopressin therapy in enuretic patients on the levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) during and after the end of therapy. Patients and methods The study comprised 25 outpatients (18 boys and seven girls) aged 8–12 years at the start of therapy and 12–16 years at the end. The morning (08.00 hours) plasma ADH level was determined before treatment (T0) with desmopressin and 2 years after (T1) ending the therapy. Seven of the 25 patients evaluated had monosymptomatic (simple enuresis, SE) and 18 had other symptoms (complex enuresis, CE). Results In the patients with SE, the mean (SD) duration of therapy was 305 (183) days and they were re-evaluate…
Alpha-adrenergic modulation of glutathione metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes.
1988
Glutathione metabolism was studied in isolated hepatocytes from 48-h starved rats. Phenylephrine (10 microM, final concentration) was incubated in the presence of a mixture of L-glutamine, glycine, L-serine, and L-methionine (at 10 times their normal plasma concentration). Alpha-adrenergic stimulation provoked a decrease in glutathione (GSH) synthesis. This effect was accompanied by an enhanced efflux of glutathione from the cells. Phenylephrine stimulated the rate of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) formation; however, this effect was clearly insufficient to explain the disappearance of GSH. Our results suggest that the decrease in cellular GSH levels observed under conditions of shock, stress…