Search results for "activities"
showing 10 items of 3552 documents
Addition of strength training to off-road cyclists training : A pilot study
2016
This study investigated the effects of adding a traditional strength training approach (endurance-strength = ES) during the pre-season versus a non-traditional approach where strength training is further maintained throughout the season (maximal-strength = MS), on aerobic and anaerobic parameters of off-road cyclists. Eleven off-road cyclists were divided into two groups. The ES group (n=6) performed during the first 8 weeks endurance-strength training, while the MS group (n=5) performed maximal-strength training, both together with their usual endurance training. During the following 8 weeks, only MS group maintained 1 session of strength training per week. 1RM, VO2max, Maximal aerobic pow…
Effects of Individual Changes in Training Distribution on Maximal Aerobic Capacity in Well-Trained Cross-Country Skiers: A Follow-Up Study
2021
The purpose of this study was to evaluate individual changes in training distribution and the subsequent effects on maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The participants were well-trained cross-country skiers who had performed a year with no substantial changes in training prior to this study. Six cross-country skiers, who were participants in a larger previous study, volunteered for a follow-up study. All skiers performed self-motivated changes in training distribution for a new preparation period in this follow-up, generally by more high-intensity training (HIT). All training characteristics were registered from training diaries. During the follow-up period, all skiers performed an incremental…
Performance and age of African and non-African runners in half- and full marathons held in Switzerland, 2000–2010
2013
André Aschmann,1 Beat Knechtle,2 Marco Cribari,1 Christoph Alexander Rüst,1 Vincent Onywera,3 Thomas Rosemann,1 Romuald Lepers4 1Institute of General Practice and for Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; 2Gesundheitszentrum St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland; 3Department of Recreation Management and Exercise Science, Kenyatta University, Kenya; 4Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France Background: Endurance running performance of African (AF) and non-African (NAF) athletes is investigated, with better performances seen for Africans. To d…
Prevalence and associations of injury and illness among high school elite sport-students in the south of Norway
2018
Master's thesis Sports Science ME517 - University of Agder 2018 Introduction Youth participating in sports are often associated with a healthy lifestyle, however illness and injuries are frequently reported in sports. The aims for this master thesis were; (1) to examine the prevalence of sport injuries and illnesses among elite sport students at high school with regard to sport group and (2) to examine anthropometry, bone health, performance variables, energy availability and sleep time with associations to sport injuries and illness prevalence in the same sample. Methods Thirty-six high school elite sport students, endurance athletes (n=24) and ball game athletes (n=12) [age: 16.3±0.2 year…
Early involvement and pathway specialization : a dropout track in cross-country skiing?
2013
Early sport specialization is often criticized for its potential to impair long-term athletic development. One of the most frequently cited consequences is dropout from further sport participation. Early diversification, within the Developmental Model of Sport Participation (DMSP), postulates that early sampling of various sports and late specialization should result in fewer dropouts. Still, empirical evidence supporting this claim remains scarce. The purpose of this study was to examine dropout rates among Finnish elite youth skiers in relationship to: (a) their developmental pathways, (b) age of first involvement with organized cross-country skiing, and (c) first encounter with organized…
Lung function, respiratory disease, and energetic requirements in marine mammals: implications for conservation
2022
Marine mammals rely on their diving capacity to survive as this determines their foraging efficiency. Ultimately, their anatomy and physiological capacity, and the limitations imposed by the environment determine the maximal time underwater. Thus, the behavioral decisions undertaken by marine mammals would be related with the different combination of these factors. As air breathing mammals, respiratory function may alter the diving capacities and limit foraging. Further, respiratory disease has been reported as one of the major causes of mortality in these species and may have consequences for their respiratory function and diving capacities. In addition, the ability of marine mammals to ef…
Muscle function in monozygotic female twin pairs discordant for hormone replacement therapy
2011
Introduction: Postmenopausal monozygotic twin pairs discordant for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) provide an advantageous study design controlling for genetic background for elucidating the relationships between aging, sex hormone levels, muscle strength, contractile capacity, and fatigability. Methods: Thirteen postmenopausal monozygotic twin pairs discordant for HRT were measured for maximal voluntary torque (MVC) and twitch characteristics using electrical stimulation before and after intermittent dynamic plantarflexor exercise until exhaustion. Results: Peak twitch torque was 32% higher in HRT users than in their non-HRT, genetically identical sisters (P = 0.002), but MVC did not dif…
Towards Ethical Guidelines of Using Telepresence Robots in Residential Care
2021
AbstractRobotic telepresence is a potential technology to help alleviating the loneliness of elderly people. The impacts of long-term use of telepresence robots in residential care are not well known. We were interested in how using a telepresence robot influences the resident, family members and care workers at a facility, and what challenges and solutions there are for wider adoption of such robots in residential care. With a telepresence robot Double, we arranged a series of three trials in two separate residential care facilities: one 12-week trial in a private facility and two successive 6-week trials in a public facility. In each trial, we installed the telepresence robot in a room of…
Sagittal Plane Hip, Knee, and Ankle Biomechanics and the Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Prospective Study
2018
Background: Stiff landings with less knee flexion and high vertical ground-reaction forces have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The literature on the association between other sagittal plane measures and the risk of ACL injuries with a prospective study design is lacking. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between selected sagittal plane hip, knee, and ankle biomechanics and the risk of ACL injury in young female team-sport athletes. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 171 female basketball and floorball athletes (age range, 12-21 years) participated in a vertical drop jump test usin…
Elementary school teachers adapt their instructional support according to students' academic skills – A variable and person-oriented approach
2015
This study examined the longitudinal associations between children’s academic skills and the instructional support teachers gave individual students. A total of 253 Finnish children were tested on reading and math skills twice in the first grade and once in the second grade. The teachers of these children rated the instructional support that they gave each child in reading and mathematics. The results showed that the poorer the student’s reading and math skills were, the more support and attention the student received from his or her teacher later on. However, instructional support did not contribute positively to the subsequent development of the students’ academic skills. The person-orie…