Search results for "aggressio"
showing 10 items of 344 documents
What do Spanish adolescents think about obsessive-compulsive disorder? Mental health literacy and stigma associated with symmetry/order and aggressio…
2017
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a frequent and disabling disorder with a long delay in seeking help that could partly be due to poor mental health literacy and stigmatizing attitudes. This study analyzes the mental health literacy and stigma associated with symmetry/order and aggression-related OCD in a Spanish adolescent sample. This age group was chosen because adolescence is a vulnerable period for the development of OCD, and adolescents are often reluctant to seek professional help. One hundred and two non-clinical adolescents read two vignettes describing symmetry/order and aggression-related OCD. Then, referring to these two vignettes, they answered questions related to problem…
Lasting downregulation of the lipid peroxidation enzymes in the prefrontal cortex of mice susceptible to stress-induced anhedonia
2015
International audience; Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the brain are involved in neuropsychiatric pathologies, including depression. 14- or 28-day chronic stress model induced a depressive syndrome defined by lowered reward sensitivity in C57BL/6J mice and changed gene expression of peroxidation enzymes as shown in microarray assays. We studied how susceptibility or resilience to anhedonia is related to lipid peroxidation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). With 14-day stress, a comparison of the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) revealed a decrease of the first two measures in suscepti…
Similar rewarding effects of testosterone in mice rated as short and long attack latency individuals.
2002
An attempt was made to confirm and extend the findings of an earlier study on the rewarding properties of testosterone in male mice using conditioned place preference (CPP). Previous results had only partially demonstrated such an effect because the reinforcement depended on environmental cues such as the colour of the compartment. High individual variability was evident, suggesting that basal levels of aggressiveness may modulate such effects. Animals were pre-screened for aggressive behaviour and allocated to short and long attack latency (SAL and LAL) categories. Five days later the CPP procedure started. This involved pre-conditioning tests, conditioning and post-conditioning tests. SAL…
Differential sensitivity to the effects of nicotine and bupropion in adolescent and adult male OF1 mice during social interaction tests.
2008
Few studies have compared the action of both nicotine (NIC) and bupropion (BUP), an antidepressant used to treat NIC dependence, on social and aggressive behavior at different ages. This study aims to determine whether these drugs produce differential effects in adolescent (postnatal day: 36–37) and adult (postnatal day: 65–66) mice that have been housed individually for 2 weeks in order to induce aggressive behavior. Mice received BUP (40, 20, or 10 mg/kg), NIC (1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/kg as base), or vehicle earlier to a social interaction test. BUP (40 mg/kg) decreased social investigation and increased nonsocial exploration in both adolescent and adult mice. The same effects were also obser…
The Influence of Sex, of Castration in New-Born Males and of Androgen Treatment in New-Born Females on the Mouse-Killing Behaviour of the Rat
1979
AbstractThe results we have got on the mouse-killing behaviour of the rat point out the remarkable percentage difference between control males and control females, between integral males and males castrated at birth, and between normal females and females under the effects of androgens.Such results make us believe that the appearance of the killer behaviour is affected by the presence of testosterone in the first days of life of the rat.
Studies on effects of tamoxifen (ICI 46474) on agonistic encounters between pairs of intact mice.
1988
The anti-estrogen tamoxifen (Tam), which has been shown to dramatically suppress offensive behavior in male rats without markedly influencing other aspects of the social encounter, was tested for its effectiveness in mice. TO strain albino mice were given control injections or 50 or 100 micrograms of Tam for 4 or 8 days. Subsequently, mice were tested in pairs (for a particular dose and treatment duration) in which both animals received Tam, one animal received Tam and one saline, or both animals received saline control injections. Ten-minute videotaped encounters were analyzed in terms of total times allocated to nonsocial investigation, social investigation, offense, defense, sexual activ…
Effects of two selective dopaminergic antagonists on ethologically-assessed encounters in male mice
1993
Abstract 1. Although it is accepted that dopaminergic antagonists suppress aggressive behaviour, the drugs used have been relatively non-selective or specific to the D2 receptor. 2. The selective D1 antagonist, SCH 23390, makes it possible to evaluate the impact of this receptor on aggressive behaviour. 3. The effects of SCH 23390 and Spiperone (a D2 antagonist) on the aggressive behaviour of mice were assessed employing a “standard opponent” test. 4. Both drugs markedly decreased aggressive behaviour whilst increasing immobility. However, whilst SCH 23390 increased immobility to a small extent, Spiperone, produced a general decline in active behaviours. 5. It appears that the D1 receptor i…
Short term diet of precooked corn meal almost lacking in tryptophan and interspecific rat-mouse aggressive behaviour.
1990
The content of tryptophan in a precooked corn meal and in 4 types of selected corn seeds: Zea mays indurata, identata, opaque/2 and Marano synth., has been determined by three different methods: ion-exchange chromatography, spectrofluorometry and spectrophotometry. This content is very low, less than 0.080% d.w. Alimentation for 4 d with a diet composed of precooked corn meal with a tryptophan content less than 0.025% induced the appearance of aggressive-cidal or aggressive non-cidal behaviour towards the mouse in more than half of Wistar rats bred in a room constantly lighted by a sodium steam light. The appearance of this behaviour is probably connected with a decrease in brain serotonin.
The Potential of Antiestrogens as Centrally-Acting Antihostility Agents: Recent Animal Data
1988
Recent studies suggest that motivations for certain forms of masculine behavior including social aggression are mediated by central estrogen receptors. Two studies using antiestrogens in rodent species were performed. Intact male LH rats were given Tamoxifen or vehicle for 4 or 8 days. The three possible pairings were videotaped for 60 min. Intact male OF1 mice were given CI-680 or vehicle over 25 days. Similar pairings were carried out but some CI-680 or vehicle animals were paired with anosmic opponents. Encounters were videotaped for 10 min. In both experiments evidence was obtained that the antiestrogen markedly reduced time allocated to offense. Any variations in defense were a consequ…
Social behavioural profile of cocaine in isolated and grouped male mice
2003
Studies concerning the relationship between cocaine and aggression in humans as well as in animals have discrepant outcomes. Increases, decreases, or no changes, have been reported after single or chronic cocaine administration in animal models. To clarify, at least in part, the complex behavioural actions of cocaine, the present study evaluated cocaine effects on social behaviours of mice exposed to different situations (isolated or group housed) using confrontations between two male mice in a neutral area. Different doses of cocaine (6, 25 and 50 mg/kg) were administered in a single or binge pattern (three doses in 24 h) and the behavioural test was performed 20 min after the last injecti…