Search results for "alkaline phosphatase"
showing 10 items of 139 documents
The morphogenetically active polymer, inorganic polyphosphate complexed with GdCl 3 , as an inducer of hydroxyapatite formation in vitro
2015
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a physiological polymer composed of tens to hundreds of phosphate units linked together via phosphoanhydride bonds. Here we compared the biological activity of polyP (chain length of 40 phosphate units), complexed with Gd(3+) (polyP·Gd), with the one caused by polyP (as calcium salt) and by GdCl3 alone, regarding their potencies to induce hydroxyapatite (HA) formation in SaOS-2 cells in vitro. The three compounds, GdCl3, polyP and polyP·Gd were found to be non-toxic at concentrations up to at least 30μM. Selecting a low, 5μM, concentration it was found that polyP·Gd significantly induced HA formation, as determined by Alizarin Red S staining and by quantit…
Effect of total sonicated Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans fragments on gingival stem/progenitor cells
2018
Background Aggregatibacter-actinomycetemcomitans (A.actinomycetemcomitans) are strongly associated with localized-aggressive-periodontitis (LAgP). The study’s aim was to test for the first time the effect of total sonicated A.actinomycetemcomitans-bacterial-fragments on gingival mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells’ (G-MSCs) proliferation and regenerative gene expression in-vitro. Material and Methods G-MSCs were isolated, characterized, expanded and stimulated by total sonicated A.actinomycetemcomitans-bacterial-fragments (0 (negative-control), 15, 60, 120 and 240µg/ml; serovar-b; n=6/group). Cellular proliferation and NF-κβ (NFKB1), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALPL), Collagen-I (COL1A1), Collagen-…
European eel (<i>Anguilla anguilla</i>) plasma biochemistry alerts about propanil stress
2017
Propanil stress response in the eel (Anguilla anguilla) was examined. Eels were exposed to 3.16 mg/L for 72 hr and allowed to recover for 96 hr. Plasma levels of cortisol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, ammonium, lactate, albumin, and total proteins as well as electrolytes (chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus) were determined. As a consequence of exposure, cortisol, AP, AST, and LDH increased. A hyperglycemic condition, together with hyperlactemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglycemia was registered. Ammonium increased during exposure concomi…
Specific inflammatory response of Anemonia sulcata (Cnidaria) after bacterial injection causes tissue reaction and enzymatic activity alteration
2015
The evolution of multicellular organisms was marked by adaptations to protect against pathogens. The mechanisms for discriminating the ’’self’’ from ’’non-self” have evolved into a long history of cellular and molecular strategies, from damage repair to the co-evolution of host-pathogen interactions. We investigated the inflammatory response in Anemonia sulcata (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) following injection of substances that varied in type and dimension, and observed clear, strong and specific reactions, especially after injection of Escherichia coli and Vibrio alginolyticus. Moreover, we analyzed enzymatic activity of protease, phosphatase and esterase, showing how the injection of different ba…
Isoquercitrin and polyphosphate co-enhance mineralization of human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells via separate activation of two RUNX2 cofactors AFT6 a…
2014
Isoquercitrin, a dietary phytoestrogen, is a potential stimulator of bone mineralization used for prophylaxis of osteoporotic disorders. Here we studied the combined effects of isoquercitrin, a cell membrane permeable 3-O-glucoside of quercetin, and polyphosphate [polyP], a naturally occurring inorganic polymer inducing bone formation, on mineralization of human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells. Both compounds isoquercitrin and polyP induce at non-toxic concentrations the mineralization process of SaOS-2 cells. Co-incubation experiments revealed that isoquercitrin (at 0.1 and 0.3μM), if given simultaneously with polyP (as Ca(2+) salt; at 3, 10, 30 and 100μM) amplifies the mineralization-enhanci…
Inorganic Polyphosphates As Storage for and Generator of Metabolic Energy in the Extracellular Matrix.
2019
Inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) consist of linear chains of orthophosphate residues, linked by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds. They are evolutionarily old biopolymers that are present from bacteria to man. No other molecule concentrates as much (bio)chemically usable energy as polyP. However, the function and metabolism of this long-neglected polymer are scarcely known, especially in higher eukaryotes. In recent years, interest in polyP experienced a renaissance, beginning with the discovery of polyP as phosphate source in bone mineralization. Later, two discoveries placed polyP into the focus of regenerative medicine applications. First, polyP shows morphogenetic activity, i.e., induc…
Abnormal pentagastrin response in a patient with pseudohypoparathyroidism
2002
The case of a 25 year old female patient with pseudohypoparathyroidism type I (PHP) and hypercalcitoninaemia is reported. She was referred to our clinic because of recurrent hypocalcaemia associated with paraesthesias and muscle cramps. She had no signs of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), a normal mental status and no family history of hypocalcaemia or any other endocrine disease. Considering the laboratory results with hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia, normal vitamin D and normal creatinine with an extraordinary elevated PTH we diagnosed pseudohypoparathyroidism type I. She had delayed pubertal development with menarche in the age of 20 and hypothyroidism with an atrophic thyroid…
Prospective comparison of Fibroscan, King's score and liver biopsy for the assessment of cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C infection
2010
Historically, liver biopsy (LB) was the sole method to evaluate the severity of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. However, LB is expensive and associated with a risk of severe complications. Therefore, noninvasive tests have been developed to assess the severity of liver fibrosis. The accuracy of Fibroscan (FS) and King's score (KS) was evaluated individually and in combination using liver histology as the reference standard. One hundred and eighty-seven patients were identified who had undergone a biopsy with a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) mono-infection (HCV RNA-positive by RT-PCR), attending King's College Hospital (n = 88) or the Royal Free…
Circulating, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
1997
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is thought to play an important role in cellular immunological reactions. Expression can be induced by inflammatory cytokines in a wide variety of cells, including hepatocytes.To compare the behaviour of ICAM-1 in liver diseases.We assayed serum ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma-associated liver cirrhosis, and compared them with a group of cirrhotic patients and controls. sICAM-1 values were also correlated with some biochemical parameters of liver function. Moreover, immunohistochemical localization of ICAM-1 was performed on liver tissue sections of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis and a sample of n…
Predictive Scores in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
2015
GOALS The aim of this study was to assess the long-term outcome of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) patients and to test the clinical value of various outcome models, such as the Mayo Risk Score (MRS), in a large single-center cohort in Germany. BACKGROUND PBC is a chronic autoimmune liver disease with a female gender predominance and a peak incidence in the fifth decade of life. PBC is characterized by portal inflammation and immune-mediated destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts in liver histology and the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies in the serum of nearly 95% of patients. In 5% to 20% of patients an overlap syndrome with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is diagnosed. Ursodeoxycholic…