Search results for "allergens"
showing 10 items of 172 documents
Involvement of NO in contact hypersensitivity.
1998
The NO synthases (NOS) generate NO from L-arginine. High concentrations of NO have been shown to be responsible for tissue injury and cell death, while low concentrations of NO induce vasodilatation and other signaling effects. We have investigated the involvement of NO in contact hypersensitivity (CHS) reactions. CHS induced by treatment of BALB/c mice with the contact allergen 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was significantly reduced by the NOS inhibitor N-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMA), but not by the stereoisomer D-NMA, as shown by reduced ear swelling responses and evaluation of ear tissue sections. The CHS response was also reduced by aminoguanidine, which is known to preferentially inhibi…
Metaproteomic analysis of atmospheric aerosol samples.
2016
Metaproteomic analysis of air particulate matter provides information about the abundance and properties of bioaerosols in the atmosphere and their influence on climate and public health. We developed and applied efficient methods for the extraction and analysis of proteins from glass fiber filter samples of total, coarse, and fine particulate matter. Size exclusion chromatography was applied to remove matrix components, and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was applied for protein fractionation according to molecular size, followed by in-gel digestion and LC-MS/MS analysis of peptides using a hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap MS. Maxquant software and the Swiss-…
Proteomic analysis of Parietaria judaica pollen and allergen profiling by an immunoproteomic approach
2010
Parietaria judaica pollen is a common cause of airway allergic disease in the Mediterranean area. Proteome analysis of mature Parietaria judaica pollen by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry has established the first reference proteome map of this weed. Proteins involved in a variety of cellular functions as well as the occurrence of allergens were detected. By using 2-DE and immunoblotting with sera from Parietaria judaica allergic patients we obtained a more detailed characterization of Parietaria judaica allergen profile so to improve our comprehension of the pathogenesis of pollen-induced allergic reaction.
Proteomic fingerprinting of apple fruit, juice, and cider via combinatorial peptide ligand libraries and MS analysis
2018
Combinatorial peptide ligand libraries coupled to MS was applied to extensively map the proteome of apple fruit, and to detect its presence in commercial apple juice and cider to evaluate their authenticity and genuineness. Using the Uniprot_Malus database, 96 proteins were detected in apples, among which 30 proteins were specifically captured via combinatorial peptide ligand libraries. Next, three proteins, previously recognized in fruits, were found in apple juice, which were involved in cellular metabolism of fruit maturation and in allergenic reactions. On the other hand, only one Malus allergen was identified in cider beads eluate, demonstrating that the industrial processes did not pr…
Elevation of total serum immunoglobulin E is associated with asthma in nonallergic individuals.
2000
Elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E is the hallmark of atopy, and contributes to asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in atopic individuals. In contrast, the significance of IgE in nonallergic subjects is less clear. The aim of the present study is to clarify a potential association of IgE and asthma in absence of clinical allergy. To this purpose 1,219 consecutive patients of a pulmonary practice were evaluated. Nonallergic patients were defined by negative skin prick test, history of atopy and specific IgE, 509 subjects (42%) were nonallergic. Among these, 80 patients (16%) had elevated total IgE levels (150 U x mL(-1)). Prevalence and severity of asthma in nonallergic subjects with I…
Tablet-based sublingual immunotherapy for respiratory allergy
2017
Allergic respiratory disease represents a significant and expanding health problem worldwide. The gold standard of therapeutic intervention is still grucocorticosteroids, although they are not effective in all patients and may cause side effects. Allergen Immunotherapy has been administrated as subcutaneous injections for treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma and has been practiced for the past century. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets are now available for grass- or ragweed-induced rhinoconjunctivitis and will be available in Spain for house dust mite (HDM)-induced rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma in the next months. In this review, new developments in the field of tabl…
Mast cell-derived tumour necrosis factor is essential for allergic airway disease
2007
Mast cells are thought to contribute to allergic airway disease. However, the role of mast cell-produced mediators, such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF), for the development of allergic airway disease is unclear. In order to define the role of mast cells in acute allergic airway disease two strains of mast cell-deficient mice (Kit W/Wv and Kit W-sh/W-sh ) were studied. Compared with their wild-type littermates, Kit W/Wv and Kit W-sh/W-sh mice developed significantly lower airway responsiveness to methacholine and less airway inflammation and goblet cell metaplasia, following sensitisation in the absence of adjuvant and airway challenge. Transfer of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) fro…
Climate advocacy among Italian pediatric pulmonologists: A national survey on the effects of climate change on respiratory allergies.
2022
Climate change (CC) is expected to negatively impact respiratory health due to air pollution and increased aeroallergen exposure. Children are among the most vulnerable populations due to high ventilation rates, small peripheral airways, and developing respiratory and immunological systems. To assess the current knowledge among Italian pediatric pulmonologists on the potential effects of CC on pediatric respiratory allergic diseases, a national survey was launched online from February 2020 to February 2021. The members of the Italian Pediatric Respiratory Society (SIMRI) were contacted by email and 117 questionnaires were returned (response rate 16.4%). 72.6% of respondents were females, 53…
Oral N-acetylcysteine attenuates the rat pulmonary inflammatory response to antigen.
2003
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory airway diseases including asthma; therefore, antioxidants might be of clinical benefit in asthma treatment. In the present study, the effects of N-acetylcysteine on sensitised brown Norway rats were examined. N-Acetylcysteine (3 mmol kg body weight(-1) administered orally) was given daily for 1 week before challenge and various antigen-induced pulmonary responses were studied. Antigen exposure increased lipid peroxidation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and oxidised glutathione levels in lung tissue 2 h after challenge. Lung nuclear transcription factor-KB-binding activity was increased 2 h after challenge, and BALF …
Should atopy be assessed in elderly patients with respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma?
2010
Aging is associated with modifications of the immune system and this could contribute to a reduced prevalence of allergic disease in the elderly. Atopy has rarely been considered in the clinical assessment of the geriatric respiratory patient. This article is a review of the available literature assessing the impact of age on atopy in the asthmatic patient. In the majority of papers, we found a lower prevalence of atopy in the most advanced ages, both in healthy subjects and in individuals affected by allergic respiratory diseases. No large, longitudinal studies performed in the general population have been conducted to confirm this observation. Although available data seem to favor the dec…