Search results for "analytical"

showing 10 items of 9586 documents

Die Dissoziationskonstanten von 2,3?-und 2,4?-Dihydroxydiphenylmethanderivaten

1974

The pK-values of the first and second degree of dissociation of 2.3′-dihydroxy-6′-methyl-3.5-dinitro-diphenylmethane, 2.3′-dihydroxy-6′-methyl-5-nitro-diphenylmethane, 2.3′-dihydroxy-5.6′-dimethyl-3-nitro-diphenylmethane, 2.4′-dihydroxy-3′. 5′-dimethyl-3.5-dinitro-diphenylmethane, 2.4′-dihydroxy-3′. 5′-dimethyl-5-nitro-diphenylmethane and 2.4′-dihydroxy-3′.5.5′-trimethyl-3-nitrodiphenylmethane were determined in aqueous solution at 25°C by the spectrophotometric method. The observed pK-values are compared with those of 2-methyl-4.6-dinitro-phenol, 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol, 2.4-dimethyl-6-nitrophenol, 3.4-dimethylphenol and 2.4.6-trimethylphenol which serve as model compounds for the single ph…

Aqueous solutionChemistryInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryMonatshefte f�r Chemie
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Application of the Generalized Molar-Ratio Method to the Determination of the Stoichiometry and Apparent Binding Constant of Nanoparticle-Organic Cap…

2015

A generalization of the molar-ratio method is applied to the determination of the stoichiometry and apparent binding constant of metal nanoparticle-organic capping complexes (MmLx) using voltammetric data for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in air-saturated aqueous phosphate buffer solutions. The method is applied to the formation of binary nanohybrids consisting of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) capped with a rigid spacer, cucurbit[7]uril (CB), termed AuNP@CB, as well as to the formation of their ternary complexes (MmLxBz) with methylene blue (MB), termed AuNP@CB@MB. The obtained stoichiometries correspond to binding of four Au surface atoms for each CB unit.

Aqueous solutionChemistryInorganic chemistryNanoparticleBinding constantAnalytical ChemistryMetalCucurbiturilColloidal goldvisual_artElectrochemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumTernary operationStoichiometryElectroanalysis
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Lateral organization of G M1 in phase-separated monolayers visualized by scanning force microscopy

2002

Phase separation of glycolipids in lipid mono- and bilayers is of great interest for the understanding of membrane function. The distribution of the ganglioside GM1 in sphingomyelin (SM)/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), SM/1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) and SM/cholesterol/POPC Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) monolayers transferred at 36 mN/m has been studied by scanning force microscopy. Besides lateral organization of the glycolipid in LB monolayers as deduced from topography, material properties have been investigated by phase imaging, pulsed force mode and force modulation microscopy. It was shown that GM1 preferentially clusters in an ordered lipid m…

Aqueous solutionChemistryLipid BilayersBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryBrainMembranes ArtificialG(M1) GangliosideGeneral MedicineMicroscopy Atomic ForceLipidsMicelleSphingomyelinschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyCholesterolGlycolipidPhase (matter)MicroscopyMonolayerPhosphatidylcholinesSphingomyelinPOPCEuropean Biophysics Journal
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Calculation of the pH and the titratable acidity in clinically used infusion solutions.

2006

Clinically used infusion solutions are complex aqueous mixtures composed of a variety of different salts, acids, and non-electrolytes, and are characterized by composition, initial pH, and titratable acidity (TA). By rigorous treatment as a multi-composed acid-base system, pH and TA were calculated from proton dissociation equilibria, mass balance equations and electroneutrality condition. Nine were arbitrarily chosen as model solutions in which pH and TA were experimentally determined. From composition, and based on a set of apparent acidity constants (pK values) at 37 degrees C and total ionic strength 0.155 mol/l, pH was calculated by iteration. In the model solutions, measured pH was in…

Aqueous solutionChemistryMass balanceProton dissociationAnalytical chemistryTitrimetryHealth InformaticsTitratable acidHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMean differenceComputer Science ApplicationsBody FluidsFluid therapyModels ChemicalIonic strengthBiomimetic MaterialsFluid TherapyComposition (visual arts)Computer SimulationInfusions ParenteralInfusions IntravenousSoftwareComputer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Synthesis and characterization of acetazolamide complexes of Ni(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), and Ag(I)

1989

The preparation and characterization of K2Ni2(Acm)3·5H2O, Cd(Acm)·32 H2O, Hg(Acm)·12H2O, Ag2(Acm), and Ag2(Acm)(NH3) complexes are described. The spectral properties suggest that Acm interacts with the metal ions through the doubly deprotonated form as observed in the [Cu(Acm)(NH3)2(OH2)]2·2H2O complex, whose crystalline structure has been previously reported. The crystal field parameters of the Ni(II) complex indicate an octahedral environment for the metal ion in the solid and its aqueous, DMSO, and DMF solutions. UV spectra of all the Acm complexes until now synthesized are discussed.

Aqueous solutionChemistryMetal ions in aqueous solutionSpectral propertiesAnalytical chemistryCrystal structureBiochemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystalMetalCrystallographyDeprotonationOctahedronvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumJournal of Inorganic Biochemistry
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Application of the small-angle neutron scattering technique to the study of solubilization mechanisms of organic molecules by micellar systems

1996

Abstract We present the possible contribution of the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique to the molecular interpretation of the solubilization phenomena in simple micellar systems. We show for a few ternary micellar systems, that an appropriate analysis of SANS experimental data can provide information on modifications induced on micellar dimension, shape, number of monomer, and charge and on the partition coefficient of the additive and its localization inside the micellar aggregate. The influence of n -alcohols on the thermodynamics and on the structure of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) aqueous solution has been extensively investigated, so the agreement between the results obt…

Aqueous solutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryAqueous two-phase systemNeutron scatteringMicelleSmall-angle neutron scatteringAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryPartition coefficientChemical physicsPhase (matter)Ternary operationSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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Determination of organic fluorine in aqueous samples with neutron activation analysis in comparison with the DIN method

1996

Neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been used as detection technique for adsorbable organic fluorine in aqueous samples. The results have been compared with the standardized DIN method which uses a fluoride-ion-selective electrode (ISE).

Aqueous solutionChemistryRadiochemistryElectrodeFluorinechemistry.chemical_elementNeutron activation analysisBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryNeutron activationAnalytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
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Enhanced ion transfer rate due to the presence of zwitterionic phospholipid monolayers at the ITIES

2000

Abstract The transfer of cations across phospholipid monolayers at ITIES is studied both experimentally and theoretically. Further evidence of the enhanced rate for cation transfer due to the presence of the monolayer is presented, and a theoretical model that can explain these observations is worked out. The system considered experimentally is Li + ion transfer across a hemispherical water ∣ 1,2-dichloroethane interface covered by distearoyl phosphatidylcholine. The theoretical description is based on the electrical double layer correction to the Butler–Volmer equation, coupled with a solution of the Poisson–Boltzmann equation across the interfacial region. The phospholipid monolayer is mo…

Aqueous solutionChemistryStereochemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringAqueous two-phase systemPhospholipidCharge (physics)Poisson–Boltzmann equationAnalytical ChemistryCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundChemical physicsPhosphatidylcholineMonolayerElectrochemistryITIESPhysics::Chemical PhysicsJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
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Photocatalytic activity of transition-metal-loaded titanium(IV) oxide powders suspended in aqueous solutions: Correlation with electron–hole recombin…

2001

Photocatalytic reactions by transition-metal (V, Cr, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, or W) loaded TiO2 (M-TiO2) powders suspended in aqueous solutions of methanol, (S)-lysine (Lys), or acetic acid were investigated. The photoactivities of various samples were compared with the rate constant (kr) of recombination of photoexcited electrons and positive holes determined by femtosecond pump–probe diffuse reflection spectroscopy (PP-DRS). As a general trend, increased loading decreased the rate of formation of the main products (H2 , pipecolinic acid (PCA), and CO2) under UV (>300 nm) irradiation, and the effect became more intense on increasing the loading. In PP-DRS, these M-TiO2 gave similar decays of absorp…

Aqueous solutionChemistryStereochemistryKineticsAnalytical chemistryOxideGeneral Physics and AstronomyChemical kineticschemistry.chemical_compoundReaction rate constantTransition metalPhotocatalysisPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Properties of mixed colloidal crystals

2007

We prepared colloidal crystals from aqueous suspensions of spherical, charged polystyrene spheres under deionised conditions. Using a home-built multipurpose light scattering apparatus we measured the static structure factor, the static shear modulus and the intermediate scattering function. In addition we also monitored also the conductivity as a function of the composition and the particle number density. For the mixture investigated the data are well described assuming the formation of randomly substituted body-centered-cubic crystals.

Aqueous solutionChemistrybusiness.industryAnalytical chemistryColloidal crystalConductivityLight scatteringCharged particleCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterShear modulusColloidOpticsStructure factorbusiness
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